{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403636552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3698388.3699628","title":"Energy Characterization of Tiny AI Accelerator-Equipped Microcontrollers","display_name":"Energy Characterization of Tiny AI Accelerator-Equipped Microcontrollers","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403636552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3698388.3699628"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3698388.3699628","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3698388.3699628","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Human-Centered Sensing, Networking, and Multi-Device Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/64762.html>","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101900210","display_name":"Yushan Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4570-9455"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yushan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imperial College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4570-9455","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imperial College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057451323","display_name":"Taesik Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8967-3652"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","display_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/017cjz748","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taesik Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNIST, Ulsan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8967-3652","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNIST, Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101738769","display_name":"Si Young Jang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9252-1887"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098141","display_name":"Nokia (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00zpf0626","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210098141"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SiYoung Jang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9252-1887","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098141"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053438231","display_name":"Fahim Kawsar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5057-9557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098141","display_name":"Nokia (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00zpf0626","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210098141"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fahim Kawsar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs &amp; University of Glasgow, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5057-9557","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs &amp; University of Glasgow, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098141","https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084727763","display_name":"Chulhong Min","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5197-9840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098141","display_name":"Nokia (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00zpf0626","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210098141"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chulhong Min","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5197-9840","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098141"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9811999797821045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12222","display_name":"IoT-based Smart Home Systems","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcontroller","display_name":"Microcontroller","score":0.8629733324050903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/characterization","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","score":0.6007605791091919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5766262412071228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5336272120475769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5152145028114319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3286544382572174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.16703227162361145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14005997776985168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.08944809436798096}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173018170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165678","display_name":"Microcontroller","level":2,"score":0.8629733324050903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.6007605791091919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5766262412071228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5336272120475769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5152145028114319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3286544382572174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.16703227162361145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14005997776985168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.08944809436798096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3698388.3699628","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3698388.3699628","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Human-Centered Sensing, Networking, and Multi-Device Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:340390","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/64762.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Proceedings"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:340390","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/64762.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Proceedings"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8700000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1977295820","https://openalex.org/W2988271927","https://openalex.org/W4317928071","https://openalex.org/W4409916943"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4316095964","https://openalex.org/W2383001583","https://openalex.org/W2771395446","https://openalex.org/W3091627987","https://openalex.org/W2147310439","https://openalex.org/W2089988144","https://openalex.org/W1985703800","https://openalex.org/W2347749188","https://openalex.org/W1972388196","https://openalex.org/W2735419558"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tiny":[0],"AI":[1,34,111],"accelerators":[2,35],"are":[3],"seamlessly":[4],"integrated":[5],"into":[6,141],"wearable":[7,145],"devices":[8],"due":[9],"to":[10,19],"their":[11,81],"small":[12],"form":[13],"factor,":[14],"enabling":[15],"human":[16],"sensing":[17,151],"applications":[18,48],"run":[20],"solely":[21],"on":[22,128],"wearables.":[23],"However,":[24],"despite":[25],"this":[26,54],"potential,":[27],"the":[28,62,77,100,123],"energy":[29,63,130,142],"characterization":[30,64],"of":[31,61,65,125,132],"these":[32],"tiny":[33],"has":[36],"been":[37],"hardly":[38],"studied,":[39],"which":[40],"is":[41],"a":[42,58],"key":[43],"enabler":[44],"for":[45,144],"realizing":[46],"such":[47],"in":[49,108],"our":[50],"daily":[51],"lives.":[52],"In":[53],"paper,":[55],"we":[56,98,121],"present":[57],"comprehensive":[59],"analysis":[60],"ultra-low":[66],"power":[67,83],"microcontrollers":[68],"using":[69],"MAX78000":[70],"manufactured":[71],"by":[72],"Analog":[73],"Device.":[74],"We":[75,85],"detailed":[76],"hardware":[78],"components":[79],"and":[80,92,116,149],"supported":[82],"configurations.":[84],"then":[86],"conducted":[87],"extensive":[88],"benchmarks":[89],"at":[90],"micro":[91],"macro":[93],"levels.":[94],"For":[95,118],"micro-level":[96],"benchmarks,":[97,120],"evaluated":[99],"power/energy":[101],"consumption":[102,131],"under":[103],"individual":[104],"system":[105],"configuration":[106],"involved":[107],"each":[109],"operation-sensing,":[110],"inference,":[112],"computation,":[113],"memory":[114],"I/O,":[115],"idle.":[117],"macro-level":[119],"analyzed":[122],"impact":[124],"system-wide":[126],"configurations":[127],"overall":[129],"end-to-end":[133],"application":[134],"pipelines.":[135],"Our":[136],"findings":[137],"offer":[138],"valuable":[139],"insights":[140],"optimization":[143],"systems":[146],"with":[147],"on-device":[148],"human-centered":[150],"technologies.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
