{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403783131","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3697011","title":"Decision Support Model for Selecting the Optimal Blockchain Oracle Platform: An Evaluation of Key Factors","display_name":"Decision Support Model for Selecting the Optimal Blockchain Oracle Platform: An Evaluation of Key Factors","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403783131","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3697011"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3697011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3697011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3697011","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073681741","display_name":"Sabreen Ahmadjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4553-4770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sabreen Ahmadjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cybersecurity, College of Computing, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","Department of Cybersecurity, College of Computing, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cybersecurity, College of Computing, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cybersecurity, College of Computing, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046897546","display_name":"Carlos Mera\u2010G\u00f3mez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7014-1138"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2135383","display_name":"Escuela Superior Politecnica del Litoral","ror":"https://ror.org/04qenc566","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2135383"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Mera-G\u00f3mez","raw_affiliation_strings":["ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Polit\u00e9cnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Guayaquil, Ecuador and School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham","ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Polit\u00e9cnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Ecuador"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Polit\u00e9cnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Guayaquil, Ecuador and School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2135383"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Polit\u00e9cnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2135383"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050838419","display_name":"Siamak Farshidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3270-4398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I913481162","display_name":"Wageningen University & Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04qw24q55","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913481162"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siamak Farshidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technology Group, University of Wageningen University &amp; Research, Wageningen, Netherlands","University of Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technology Group, University of Wageningen University &amp; Research, Wageningen, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I913481162"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031155155","display_name":"Rami Bahsoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1139-5795"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rami Bahsoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","University of Birmingham, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076545746","display_name":"Rick Kazman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0392-2783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117965899","display_name":"University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa","ror":"https://ror.org/01wspgy28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117965899"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331384533","display_name":"University of Hawaii System","ror":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331384533"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rick Kazman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA","University of Hawaii, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117965899","https://openalex.org/I1331384533"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Hawaii, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331384533"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073681741"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.7211,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97343729,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"35"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11891","display_name":"Big Data and Business Intelligence","score":0.9106000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8696334362030029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.791276752948761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oracle","display_name":"Oracle","score":0.7780789136886597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.7147989869117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.33763059973716736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3272879421710968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2523554563522339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.07802689075469971}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8696334362030029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.791276752948761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55166926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892946","display_name":"Oracle","level":2,"score":0.7780789136886597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.7147989869117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.33763059973716736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3272879421710968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2523554563522339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.07802689075469971}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3697011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3697011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:library.wur.nl:wurpubs/642582","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/decision-support-model-for-selecting-the-optimal-blockchain-oracl","pdf_url":"https://edepot.wur.nl/687840","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201231","display_name":"Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling","issn_l":"2663-3027","issn":["2663-3027"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 1049-331X","raw_type":"Article/Letter to editor"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/7af47b62-fea2-457e-833e-7906cc5d238b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/en/publications/7af47b62-fea2-457e-833e-7906cc5d238b","pdf_url":"https://pure-oai.bham.ac.uk/ws/files/296558811/3697011.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ahmadjee, S, Mera-G\u00f3mez, C, Farshidi, S, Bahsoon, R & Kazman, R 2025, 'Decision Support Model for Selecting the Optimal Blockchain Oracle Platform : An Evaluation of Key Factors', ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, vol. 34, no. 1, 23. https://doi.org/10.1145/3697011","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3697011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3697011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W577390019","https://openalex.org/W1615506555","https://openalex.org/W1842503650","https://openalex.org/W1983981789","https://openalex.org/W2010788560","https://openalex.org/W2091668716","https://openalex.org/W2162739315","https://openalex.org/W2184980933","https://openalex.org/W2290228289","https://openalex.org/W2475891919","https://openalex.org/W2533941064","https://openalex.org/W2539190473","https://openalex.org/W2589660059","https://openalex.org/W2752019525","https://openalex.org/W2769535267","https://openalex.org/W2793333522","https://openalex.org/W2802804394","https://openalex.org/W2892520153","https://openalex.org/W2907725081","https://openalex.org/W2914452207","https://openalex.org/W2915269496","https://openalex.org/W2945310358","https://openalex.org/W2966181603","https://openalex.org/W2975871742","https://openalex.org/W2998128868","https://openalex.org/W2998877372","https://openalex.org/W3007925633","https://openalex.org/W3023266124","https://openalex.org/W3042802894","https://openalex.org/W3076768548","https://openalex.org/W3124325695","https://openalex.org/W3148852035","https://openalex.org/W3151748982","https://openalex.org/W3154781196","https://openalex.org/W3162391067","https://openalex.org/W3166296808","https://openalex.org/W3173946494","https://openalex.org/W3174945284","https://openalex.org/W3180692471","https://openalex.org/W3183207537","https://openalex.org/W3210065173","https://openalex.org/W3217034916","https://openalex.org/W4213207998","https://openalex.org/W4220847066","https://openalex.org/W4240996659","https://openalex.org/W4249504460","https://openalex.org/W4253516956","https://openalex.org/W4285208304","https://openalex.org/W4291213652","https://openalex.org/W4306873660","https://openalex.org/W4312660944","https://openalex.org/W4313328168","https://openalex.org/W4378714481","https://openalex.org/W4379745992"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W3048554917","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W4304136894","https://openalex.org/W2625363013"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Smart":[0],"contract-based":[1],"applications":[2,53],"are":[3],"executed":[4],"in":[5,113],"a":[6,98,115,196],"blockchain":[7,35],"environment,":[8],"and":[9,39,48,70,88,118,129,135,156,172,194],"they":[10],"cannot":[11],"directly":[12],"access":[13],"data":[14,41],"from":[15],"external":[16],"systems,":[17],"which":[18],"is":[19,86],"required":[20,168],"for":[21,102,122],"the":[22,44,60,65,74,81,103,137,151,166],"service":[23],"provision":[24],"of":[25,67],"these":[26],"applications.":[27,124],"Instead,":[28],"smart":[29,51,110,130,142],"contracts":[30,131],"use":[31],"agents":[32],"known":[33],"as":[34],"oracles":[36],"to":[37,43,55,91,133,149,181],"collect":[38],"provide":[40,195],"feeds":[42],"contracts.":[45],"The":[46,107],"functionality":[47],"compatibility":[49],"with":[50],"contract":[52,111,143],"need":[54],"be":[56],"considered":[57],"when":[58],"selecting":[59,114],"best-fit":[61],"oracle":[62,68,85,104,120,127,162],"platform.":[63],"As":[64],"number":[66],"alternatives":[69],"their":[71,123],"features":[72],"increases,":[73],"decision-making":[75,192],"process":[76],"becomes":[77],"increasingly":[78],"complex.":[79],"Selecting":[80],"wrong":[82],"or":[83],"sub-optimal":[84],"costly":[87],"may":[89,185],"lead":[90],"severe":[92],"security":[93,170],"risks.":[94],"This":[95],"article":[96],"provides":[97],"decision":[99,138,178],"support":[100],"model":[101,108,154,179],"selection":[105],"problem.":[106],"supports":[109],"decision-makers":[112],"secure,":[116],"cost-effective,":[117],"feasible":[119],"platform":[121,163],"We":[125],"interviewed":[126],"co-founders":[128],"experts":[132],"refine":[134],"validate":[136],"model.":[139,152],"Two":[140],"real-world":[141],"application":[144],"case":[145],"studies":[146],"were":[147],"used":[148],"evaluate":[150],"Our":[153],"prioritises":[155],"suggests":[157],"more":[158],"than":[159],"one":[160],"possible":[161],"based":[164],"on":[165],"developer\u2019s":[167],"criteria,":[169],"assessment":[171],"cost":[173],"analysis.":[174],"Moreover,":[175],"this":[176],"guided":[177],"serves":[180],"reveal":[182],"issues":[183],"that":[184],"go":[186],"unnoticed":[187],"if":[188],"done":[189],"haphazardly,":[190],"reduce":[191],"efforts":[193],"cost-effective":[197],"solution.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-03T22:45:19.894376","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
