{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412703947","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3696630.3731674","title":"An Empirical Study on the Impact of Gender Diversity on Code Quality in AI Systems","display_name":"An Empirical Study on the Impact of Gender Diversity on Code Quality in AI Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412703947","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3696630.3731674"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3696630.3731674","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3696630.3731674","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3696630.3731674","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 33rd ACM International Conference on the Foundations of Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3696630.3731674","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056190672","display_name":"Shamse Tasnim Cynthia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9529-0132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32625721","display_name":"University of Saskatchewan","ror":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shamse Tasnim Cynthia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9529-0132","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015470184","display_name":"Banani Roy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1247-7781"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32625721","display_name":"University of Saskatchewan","ror":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Banani Roy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1247-7781","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1540","last_page":"1549"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9692000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9692000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9506999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9433000087738037,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","score":0.6778725385665894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6164058446884155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5642431378364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5143755078315735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-diversity","display_name":"Gender diversity","score":0.4776115119457245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.47391805052757263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2792521119117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13895434141159058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.13345536589622498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12502121925354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1085878312587738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthropology","display_name":"Anthropology","score":0.07172468304634094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.06396165490150452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.050114333629608154}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.6778725385665894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6164058446884155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5642431378364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5143755078315735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778397978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501335","display_name":"Gender diversity","level":3,"score":0.4776115119457245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.47391805052757263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2792521119117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13895434141159058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.13345536589622498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12502121925354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1085878312587738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.07172468304634094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.06396165490150452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.050114333629608154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3696630.3731674","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3696630.3731674","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3696630.3731674","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 33rd ACM International Conference on the Foundations of Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3696630.3731674","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3696630.3731674","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3696630.3731674","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 33rd ACM International Conference on the Foundations of Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412703947.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412703947.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1902482618","https://openalex.org/W1981276685","https://openalex.org/W2058718434","https://openalex.org/W2150488844","https://openalex.org/W2482059860","https://openalex.org/W2605284977","https://openalex.org/W2646635125","https://openalex.org/W2913593702","https://openalex.org/W2913941020","https://openalex.org/W2970665562","https://openalex.org/W3044853842","https://openalex.org/W3081080629","https://openalex.org/W3093518850","https://openalex.org/W3120545963","https://openalex.org/W3158997771","https://openalex.org/W3168095431","https://openalex.org/W3175187130","https://openalex.org/W3185088259","https://openalex.org/W3215781494","https://openalex.org/W4210830952","https://openalex.org/W4229712739","https://openalex.org/W4229853360","https://openalex.org/W4231440932","https://openalex.org/W4234955166","https://openalex.org/W4235670907","https://openalex.org/W4239951079","https://openalex.org/W4243095505","https://openalex.org/W4243877115","https://openalex.org/W4246864588","https://openalex.org/W4248491408","https://openalex.org/W4254213199","https://openalex.org/W4256208268","https://openalex.org/W4302010442","https://openalex.org/W4302039922","https://openalex.org/W4312607151","https://openalex.org/W4376607756","https://openalex.org/W4377140397","https://openalex.org/W4379468769","https://openalex.org/W4383988900","https://openalex.org/W4402672798","https://openalex.org/W6600281463","https://openalex.org/W6600902652","https://openalex.org/W6601141708","https://openalex.org/W6601822323","https://openalex.org/W6605021282","https://openalex.org/W6629974515","https://openalex.org/W6698582700","https://openalex.org/W6783618086","https://openalex.org/W6788389465"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2886619852","https://openalex.org/W2753274383","https://openalex.org/W2965417904","https://openalex.org/W2767354473","https://openalex.org/W4306290607","https://openalex.org/W4321464266","https://openalex.org/W1582540633","https://openalex.org/W828612630","https://openalex.org/W3163170545","https://openalex.org/W2177515068"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"rapid":[1],"advancement":[2],"of":[3,25,68,81,150,157,178,191,203,229],"AI":[4,35,41,82,97,127,158,219,230],"systems":[5,42,83,159],"necessitates":[6],"high-quality,":[7],"sustainable":[8],"code":[9,59,79,102,155,169],"to":[10,166,172,187,212,215],"ensure":[11],"reliability":[12],"and":[13,19,56,104,121,141,160],"mitigate":[14],"risks":[15],"such":[16],"as":[17,45,221],"bias":[18],"technical":[20],"debt.":[21],"However,":[22],"the":[23,66,78,116,148,153,192,210,226],"underrepresentation":[24],"women":[26],"in":[27,34,40,70,218],"software":[28,72],"engineering":[29],"raises":[30],"concerns":[31],"about":[32],"homogeneity":[33],"development.":[36],"Studying":[37],"gender":[38,94],"diversity":[39,69,95,120,151,223],"is":[43],"crucial,":[44],"diverse":[46,126,163],"perspectives":[47],"are":[48],"essential":[49],"for":[50],"improving":[51],"system":[52],"robustness,":[53],"reducing":[54],"bias,":[55],"enhancing":[57],"overall":[58,154,227],"quality.":[60],"While":[61],"prior":[62],"research":[63],"has":[64],"demonstrated":[65],"benefits":[67],"general":[71],"teams,":[73],"its":[74],"specific":[75],"impact":[76],"on":[77,152],"quality":[80,156,170,200,228],"remains":[84],"unexplored.":[85],"This":[86],"study":[87,108],"addresses":[88],"this":[89],"gap":[90],"by":[91],"examining":[92],"how":[93],"within":[96],"teams":[98],"influences":[99],"project":[100],"popularity,":[101,123],"quality,":[103],"individual":[105,179],"contributions.":[106,112],"Our":[107],"makes":[109],"three":[110],"key":[111],"First,":[113],"we":[114,146],"analyzed":[115],"relationship":[117],"between":[118],"team":[119],"repository":[122],"revealing":[124],"that":[125,162,182],"repositories":[128,164],"not":[129],"only":[130],"differ":[131],"significantly":[132],"from":[133],"non-diverse":[134,173],"ones":[135],"but":[136],"also":[137],"achieve":[138],"higher":[139,199],"popularity":[140],"greater":[142,222],"community":[143],"engagement.":[144],"Second,":[145],"explored":[147],"effect":[149],"found":[161],"tend":[165],"have":[167],"superior":[168],"compared":[171],"ones.":[174],"Finally,":[175],"our":[176],"analysis":[177],"contributions":[180,196],"revealed":[181],"although":[183],"female":[184,216],"contributors":[185],"contribute":[186],"a":[188],"smaller":[189],"proportion":[190],"total":[193],"code,":[194],"their":[195,204],"demonstrate":[197],"consistently":[198],"than":[201],"those":[202],"male":[205],"counterparts.":[206],"These":[207],"findings":[208],"highlight":[209],"need":[211],"remove":[213],"barriers":[214],"participation":[217],"development,":[220],"can":[224],"improve":[225],"systems.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
