{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402129906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3691632","title":"Termination and Universal Termination Problems for Nondeterministic Quantum Programs","display_name":"Termination and Universal Termination Problems for Nondeterministic Quantum Programs","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402129906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3691632"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3691632","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3691632","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060776618","display_name":"Ming Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9906-5677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139618","display_name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/030qbr085","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ming Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618","https://openalex.org/I66867065"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618","https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035327803","display_name":"Jianling Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2367-9958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianling Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101669938","display_name":"Hui Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4256-9508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139618","display_name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/030qbr085","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618","https://openalex.org/I66867065"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618","https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022036342","display_name":"Yuxin Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0753-418X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139618","display_name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/030qbr085","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxin Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618","https://openalex.org/I66867065"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618","https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033870965","display_name":"Z.Q. Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi-Bin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060776618"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618","https://openalex.org/I66867065"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3415,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.656362,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"8","first_page":"1","last_page":"41"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nondeterministic-algorithm","display_name":"Nondeterministic algorithm","score":0.7970341444015503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7856707572937012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.41457709670066833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3822358250617981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3722364008426666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.09030511975288391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.0885557234287262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176181172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3490301","display_name":"Nondeterministic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.7970341444015503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7856707572937012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.41457709670066833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3822358250617981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3722364008426666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.09030511975288391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0885557234287262}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3691632","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3691632","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4303545062","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12271172, 11871221, 62472175 & 62072176","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7717666746","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021JQRH014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7836176186","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFA0306704","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498432697","https://openalex.org/W1725015669","https://openalex.org/W1862398452","https://openalex.org/W1983764301","https://openalex.org/W1985617186","https://openalex.org/W1996519437","https://openalex.org/W1999626800","https://openalex.org/W2003141394","https://openalex.org/W2016769804","https://openalex.org/W2044357043","https://openalex.org/W2044912742","https://openalex.org/W2072033902","https://openalex.org/W2079572249","https://openalex.org/W2103953153","https://openalex.org/W2117189826","https://openalex.org/W2121087903","https://openalex.org/W2141670510","https://openalex.org/W2296309018","https://openalex.org/W2338028966","https://openalex.org/W2562491126","https://openalex.org/W2776523746","https://openalex.org/W2887991122","https://openalex.org/W2893610333","https://openalex.org/W2962822640","https://openalex.org/W2963787308","https://openalex.org/W2963975928","https://openalex.org/W2971150588","https://openalex.org/W2987907651","https://openalex.org/W3097011986","https://openalex.org/W3105304321","https://openalex.org/W3107463944","https://openalex.org/W3120775384","https://openalex.org/W3191116886","https://openalex.org/W3202827246","https://openalex.org/W4206043518","https://openalex.org/W4210515262","https://openalex.org/W4220897631","https://openalex.org/W4238931494","https://openalex.org/W4255213956","https://openalex.org/W4283717542","https://openalex.org/W4286911416","https://openalex.org/W4394736944","https://openalex.org/W6661527284","https://openalex.org/W6746574993","https://openalex.org/W6782212814"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W184826316","https://openalex.org/W3132573772","https://openalex.org/W1576777252","https://openalex.org/W1529656707","https://openalex.org/W2053233145","https://openalex.org/W2928599599","https://openalex.org/W2170634995","https://openalex.org/W2082036845"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Verifying":[0],"quantum":[1,25,124,343],"programs":[2,26],"has":[3,164],"attracted":[4],"a":[5,36,49,73,80,135,180,278,340],"lot":[6],"of":[7,21,24,35,114,123,146,188,230,267,280,295],"interest":[8],"in":[9,202,208,316,330],"recent":[10],"years.":[11],"In":[12],"this":[13],"article,":[14],"we":[15,118,142,174,222,334],"consider":[16],"the":[17,55,107,111,115,120,128,139,144,151,176,186,189,193,197,210,215,219,224,228,236,268,271,299,314,317,324,336],"following":[18],"two":[19],"categories":[20],"termination":[22],"problems":[23,315],"with":[27,39,64,89,93,154,239,290,310],"nondeterminism,":[28],"namely:":[29],"(1)":[30],"(termination)":[31],"Is":[32],"an":[33,101,165,231],"input":[34,102],"program":[37,125,152,237],"terminating":[38,63,88,289,309],"probability":[40,65,90,155,240,311],"one":[41,66,91],"under":[42,67,157,242],"all":[43,61,84,243,285,305],"schedulers?":[44,70],"If":[45,71],"not,":[46],"how":[47,94,99],"can":[48,100,255],"scheduler":[50,81,198,272,302],"be":[51,87,103,256,288,308,328],"synthesized":[52],"to":[53,86,95,105,227,287,307,327],"evidence":[54,266],"nontermination?":[56],"(2)":[57],"(universal":[58],"termination)":[59],"Are":[60],"inputs":[62,85,286,306],"their":[68],"respective":[69],"yes,":[72],"further":[74],"question":[75],"asks":[76],"whether":[77],"there":[78],"is":[79,134,200,248,274],"that":[82,262,283,296,303],"forces":[83,284,304],"together":[92],"synthesize":[96],"it;":[97],"otherwise,":[98],"provided":[104],"refute":[106],"universal":[108,301],"termination?":[109],"For":[110,218],"effective":[112],"verification":[113],"first":[116,216,325],"category,":[117,221],"over-approximate":[119],"reachable":[121,129,190],"set":[122,145,162,212],"states":[126,148,260],"by":[127,179,250,276],"subspace,":[130,233],"whose":[131,205],"algebraic":[132,167,172],"structure":[133],"linear":[136,251],"space.":[137],"On":[138],"other":[140],"hand,":[141],"study":[143],"divergent":[147,161,194,211],"from":[149,234],"which":[150,235],"terminates":[153,238],"zero":[156,241],"some":[158],"scheduler.":[159],"The":[160,245,259,293],"also":[163,322],"explicit":[166,171],"structure.":[168],"Exploiting":[169],"these":[170],"structures,":[173],"address":[175],"decision":[177,225],"problem":[178,226],"necessary":[181],"and":[182,192,253],"sufficient":[183],"condition,":[184],"i.e.,":[185],"disjointness":[187],"subspace":[191,247,264],"set.":[195],"Furthermore,":[196,270],"synthesis":[199,273],"completed":[201,275],"exponential":[203],"time,":[204,326],"bottleneck":[206],"lies":[207],"computing":[209],"reported":[213],"for":[214,323],"time.":[217,332],"second":[220,318],"reduce":[223],"existence":[229],"invariant":[232,246,263],"schedulers.":[244],"characterized":[249],"equations":[252],"thus":[254],"efficiently":[257],"computed.":[258],"on":[261],"are":[265,320],"nontermination.":[269],"seeking":[277],"pattern":[279,297],"finite":[281],"schedulers":[282],"positive":[291],"probability.":[292],"repetition":[294],"yields":[298],"desired":[300],"one.":[312],"All":[313],"category":[319],"shown,":[321],"solved":[329],"polynomial":[331],"Finally,":[333],"demonstrate":[335],"aforementioned":[337],"methods":[338],"via":[339],"running":[341],"example\u2014the":[342],"Bernoulli":[344],"factory":[345],"protocol.":[346]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
