{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403536927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3691620.3695484","title":"Effective Unit Test Generation for Java Null Pointer Exceptions","display_name":"Effective Unit Test Generation for Java Null Pointer Exceptions","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403536927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3691620.3695484"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3691620.3695484","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3691620.3695484","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 39th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3691620.3695484","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111532480","display_name":"Myung-Ho Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Myungho Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011761341","display_name":"Jiseong Bak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3587-5005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiseong Bak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064956878","display_name":"Seokhyeon Moon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7729-611X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155180","display_name":"Samsung SDS (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/0476bn305","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4387155180"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seokhyeon Moon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technology Research, Samsung SDS, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technology Research, Samsung SDS, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4387155180"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039607010","display_name":"Yoon\u2010Chan Jhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4112-4532"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155180","display_name":"Samsung SDS (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/0476bn305","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4387155180"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoon-Chan Jhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technology Research, Samsung SDS, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technology Research, Samsung SDS, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4387155180"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042036026","display_name":"Hakjoo Oh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1900-7654"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hakjoo Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111532480"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4857,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70259605,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1044","last_page":"1056"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java","display_name":"Java","score":0.7541815042495728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.705822229385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pointer","display_name":"Pointer (user interface)","score":0.6419497132301331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unit-testing","display_name":"Unit testing","score":0.6116456985473633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4731910228729248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.4013720154762268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.33333027362823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.17571136355400085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.08156254887580872}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548217200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251","display_name":"Java","level":2,"score":0.7541815042495728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.705822229385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150202949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107602","display_name":"Pointer (user interface)","level":2,"score":0.6419497132301331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148027188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907375","display_name":"Unit testing","level":3,"score":0.6116456985473633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4731910228729248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.4013720154762268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.33333027362823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.17571136355400085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.08156254887580872}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3691620.3695484","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3691620.3695484","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 39th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3691620.3695484","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3691620.3695484","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 39th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1599808047","https://openalex.org/W1609394770","https://openalex.org/W1639726083","https://openalex.org/W1993760289","https://openalex.org/W2024352272","https://openalex.org/W2058554556","https://openalex.org/W2058895276","https://openalex.org/W2087527532","https://openalex.org/W2097915232","https://openalex.org/W2106072155","https://openalex.org/W2106355420","https://openalex.org/W2107709519","https://openalex.org/W2126508237","https://openalex.org/W2147002252","https://openalex.org/W2150874411","https://openalex.org/W2156723666","https://openalex.org/W2162635569","https://openalex.org/W2172260321","https://openalex.org/W2174442795","https://openalex.org/W2247455710","https://openalex.org/W2295840463","https://openalex.org/W2306992465","https://openalex.org/W2586946380","https://openalex.org/W2682664750","https://openalex.org/W2740130372","https://openalex.org/W2749159177","https://openalex.org/W2754335648","https://openalex.org/W2794494879","https://openalex.org/W2808559179","https://openalex.org/W2954183584","https://openalex.org/W2968585938","https://openalex.org/W3022122187","https://openalex.org/W3102072242","https://openalex.org/W3194136989","https://openalex.org/W4206639582","https://openalex.org/W4233925711","https://openalex.org/W4284683538","https://openalex.org/W4284706927","https://openalex.org/W4319150622","https://openalex.org/W4384304865","https://openalex.org/W4389158518"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2615173508","https://openalex.org/W2387387477","https://openalex.org/W2394051415","https://openalex.org/W4388218401","https://openalex.org/W4255928847","https://openalex.org/W2749690376","https://openalex.org/W2352114091","https://openalex.org/W121845590","https://openalex.org/W1487025048","https://openalex.org/W2096252072"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,78],"this":[1,40,79,135],"experience":[2,7],"paper,":[3,41,80],"we":[4,37,81],"share":[5],"our":[6,83,143,159],"on":[8,85,125,137,146],"enhancing":[9],"automatic":[10],"unit":[11,43,91],"test":[12,44,119],"generation":[13,45],"to":[14,104,116,122,130,172],"more":[15],"effectively":[16],"find":[17],"Java":[18,33],"null":[19],"pointer":[20],"exceptions":[21],"(NPEs).":[22],"NPEs":[23,75,169,184],"are":[24,52,128],"among":[25],"the":[26,86,118,168],"most":[27],"common":[28],"and":[29,50,99,113,141],"critical":[30],"errors":[31],"in":[32,39,72,76,94],"applications.":[34],"However,":[35],"as":[36,48],"demonstrate":[38],"existing":[42],"tools":[46,93],"such":[47],"Randoop":[49],"EvoSuite":[51],"not":[53,69],"sufficiently":[54],"effective":[55],"at":[56],"catching":[57],"NPEs.":[58,132],"Specifically,":[59],"their":[60,106],"primary":[61],"strategy":[62,103,109,136,161],"of":[63,88,96,139,167],"achieving":[64],"high":[65],"code":[66],"coverage":[67],"does":[68],"necessarily":[70],"result":[71],"triggering":[73],"diverse":[74],"practice.":[77],"detail":[82],"observation":[84],"limitations":[87],"current":[89],"state-of-the-art":[90],"testing":[92],"terms":[95],"NPE":[97,148],"detection":[98],"introduce":[100],"a":[101,174],"new":[102],"improve":[105],"effectiveness.":[107],"Our":[108],"utilizes":[110],"both":[111],"static":[112],"dynamic":[114],"analyses":[115],"guide":[117],"case":[120],"generator":[121],"focus":[123],"specifically":[124],"scenarios":[126],"that":[127,158],"likely":[129],"trigger":[131],"We":[133],"implemented":[134],"top":[138],"EvoSuite,":[140],"evaluated":[142],"tool,":[144],"NpeTest,":[145],"108":[147],"benchmarks":[149],"collected":[150],"from":[151,170,185],"96":[152],"real-world":[153],"projects.":[154],"The":[155],"results":[156],"show":[157],"NPE-guidance":[160],"can":[162],"increase":[163],"EvoSuite's":[164],"reproduction":[165],"rate":[166],"56.9%":[171],"78.9%,":[173],"38.7%":[175],"improvement.":[176],"Furthermore,":[177],"NpeTest":[178],"successfully":[179],"detected":[180],"89":[181],"previously":[182],"unknown":[183],"an":[186],"industry":[187],"project.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}