{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403520087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3691620.3694992","title":"A Position-Aware Approach to Decomposing God Classes","display_name":"A Position-Aware Approach to Decomposing God Classes","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403520087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3691620.3694992"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3691620.3694992","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3691620.3694992","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 39th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021589472","display_name":"Tianyi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1203-6746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tianyi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077424533","display_name":"Yanjie Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6404-9143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanjie Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082095201","display_name":"Fu Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0256-4028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fu Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107249160","display_name":"Bo Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5055-2837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024721944","display_name":"Hui Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3267-6801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021589472"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5198,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64994255,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"129","last_page":"140"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12326","display_name":"Network Packet Processing and Optimization","score":0.9329000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12326","display_name":"Network Packet Processing and Optimization","score":0.9329000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.6022637486457825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5724165439605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position-paper","display_name":"Position paper","score":0.47577276825904846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.334949254989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1558692455291748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.09586116671562195}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6022637486457825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5724165439605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78780964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7233193","display_name":"Position paper","level":2,"score":0.47577276825904846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.334949254989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1558692455291748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.09586116671562195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3691620.3694992","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3691620.3694992","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 39th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6223597658","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62232003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W649920412","https://openalex.org/W1487664366","https://openalex.org/W1670263352","https://openalex.org/W1986136726","https://openalex.org/W2021680759","https://openalex.org/W2039547451","https://openalex.org/W2046263206","https://openalex.org/W2071983648","https://openalex.org/W2089910927","https://openalex.org/W2096450604","https://openalex.org/W2113322762","https://openalex.org/W2114826097","https://openalex.org/W2123804192","https://openalex.org/W2134557343","https://openalex.org/W2137659640","https://openalex.org/W2147152072","https://openalex.org/W2167809408","https://openalex.org/W2171383742","https://openalex.org/W2238078713","https://openalex.org/W2395579298","https://openalex.org/W2608628736","https://openalex.org/W2946046356","https://openalex.org/W2947451247","https://openalex.org/W2968179027","https://openalex.org/W2969368867","https://openalex.org/W2992637808","https://openalex.org/W3040728396","https://openalex.org/W3111736751","https://openalex.org/W3121518240","https://openalex.org/W3134714752","https://openalex.org/W4210721538","https://openalex.org/W4231510805","https://openalex.org/W4238818461","https://openalex.org/W4244802719","https://openalex.org/W4394769518","https://openalex.org/W4403579163"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2911039683","https://openalex.org/W2382416307","https://openalex.org/W2169127058","https://openalex.org/W1966415008","https://openalex.org/W3112644326","https://openalex.org/W4389316227","https://openalex.org/W2204729203","https://openalex.org/W2187575493","https://openalex.org/W2203842767","https://openalex.org/W2389520089"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"God":[0,21,37,55,95,105,154,175,196,216],"classes":[1,22,38,180,197],"are":[2,73],"widely":[3],"recognized":[4],"as":[5,164],"code":[6,130],"smells,":[7],"significantly":[8],"impairing":[9],"the":[10,19,61,91,112,116,120,140,149,159,171,174,178,183,210,213,220,234,247],"maintainability":[11],"and":[12,27,32,70,81,156,188],"readability":[13],"of":[14,87,158,173,212],"source":[15],"code.":[16],"However,":[17],"resolving":[18],"identified":[20],"remains":[23],"a":[24,48,84,144,152,165],"formidable":[25],"challenge,":[26],"we":[28,46,118,142],"still":[29],"lack":[30],"automated":[31],"accurate":[33],"tools":[34],"to":[35,53,115,147,177,182,243],"resolve":[36],"automatically.":[39],"To":[40],"this":[41,44,100],"end,":[42],"in":[43,111,215,230],"paper,":[45],"propose":[47],"novel":[49],"approach":[50,63],"(called":[51],"ClassSplitter)":[52],"decompose":[54],"classes.":[56,189],"The":[57],"key":[58],"observation":[59],"behind":[60],"proposed":[62],"is":[64,162],"that":[65,72,205,229],"software":[66,123],"entities":[67,124],"(i.e.,":[68],"methods":[69,150],"fields)":[71],"physically":[74],"adjacent":[75],"often":[76],"have":[77,83],"strong":[78],"semantic":[79],"correlations":[80],"thus":[82],"great":[85],"chance":[86],"being":[88],"classified":[89],"into":[90],"same":[92],"class":[93,96,106,176,217],"during":[94],"deposition.":[97],"We":[98,190],"validate":[99],"hypothesis":[101],"by":[102,125,223,237,241,246],"analyzing":[103],"54":[104],"decomposition":[107],"refactorings":[108],"actually":[109],"conducted":[110],"wild.":[113],"According":[114],"observation,":[117],"measure":[119],"similarity":[121],"between":[122,186],"exploiting":[126],"not":[127],"only":[128],"traditional":[129],"metrics":[131],"but":[132],"also":[133,227],"their":[134],"relative":[135],"physical":[136],"positions.":[137],"Based":[138],"on":[139],"similarity,":[141],"customize":[143],"clustering":[145],"algorithm":[146],"classify":[148],"within":[151],"given":[153],"class,":[155],"each":[157],"resulting":[160],"clusters":[161],"taken":[163],"new":[166,179],"class.":[167],"Finally,":[168],"ClassSplitter":[169,192,206,238],"allocates":[170],"fields":[172,187],"according":[181],"field-access-based":[184],"coupling":[185],"evaluate":[191],"using":[193],"133":[194],"real-world":[195],"from":[198],"open-source":[199],"applications.":[200],"Our":[201],"evaluation":[202,226],"results":[203],"suggest":[204],"could":[207],"substantially":[208],"improve":[209],"state":[211],"art":[214],"decomposition,":[218],"improving":[219],"average":[221],"MoJoFM":[222],"47%.":[224],"Manual":[225],"confirmed":[228],"most":[231],"cases":[232],"(77%)":[233],"solutions":[235],"suggested":[236,245],"were":[239],"preferred":[240],"developers":[242],"alternatives":[244],"state-of-the-art":[248],"baseline":[249],"approach.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-22T23:10:17.713674","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
