{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401944184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3687467","title":"Causal Discovery Using Weight-Based Conditional Independence Test","display_name":"Causal Discovery Using Weight-Based Conditional Independence Test","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401944184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3687467"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3687467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3687467","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3687467","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41523882","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","issn_l":"1556-4681","issn":["1556-4681","1556-472X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3687467","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088982563","display_name":"Zhaolong Ling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4812-6676"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhaolong Ling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anhui University, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anhui University, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011750314","display_name":"Bo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0241-4931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anhui University, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anhui University, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100430650","display_name":"Yiwen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8709-1088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiwen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anhui University, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anhui University, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101424705","display_name":"Peng Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-0022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anhui University, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anhui University, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101768802","display_name":"Xingyu Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8204-6197"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingyu Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101078246","display_name":"Yue\u2019e Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100357981","display_name":"Wannan Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/037ejjy86","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100357981"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuee Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100357981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100719462","display_name":"Kui Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2442-4572"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kui Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080738591","display_name":"Xindong Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2396-1704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xindong Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088982563"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6909,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75214726,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11719","display_name":"Data Quality and Management","score":0.9751999974250793,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9513999819755554,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditional-independence","display_name":"Conditional independence","score":0.7612721920013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independence","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","score":0.5546501874923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.48787355422973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-discovery-rate","display_name":"False discovery rate","score":0.45886868238449097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3945763409137726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.39342600107192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.3770918846130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3760818839073181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3622204661369324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3567403256893158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3422339856624603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.12768015265464783}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79772020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159264","display_name":"Conditional independence","level":2,"score":0.7612721920013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.5546501874923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.48787355422973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193244246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5432696","display_name":"False discovery rate","level":3,"score":0.45886868238449097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3945763409137726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39342600107192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.3770918846130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3760818839073181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3622204661369324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3567403256893158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3422339856624603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.12768015265464783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3687467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3687467","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3687467","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41523882","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","issn_l":"1556-4681","issn":["1556-4681","1556-472X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3687467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3687467","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3687467","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41523882","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","issn_l":"1556-4681","issn":["1556-4681","1556-472X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6162897591","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62306002, 62176001, 62376087, and 62120106008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401944184.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W31921109","https://openalex.org/W178169250","https://openalex.org/W1593793857","https://openalex.org/W2133091666","https://openalex.org/W2134240743","https://openalex.org/W2159080219","https://openalex.org/W2163687466","https://openalex.org/W2165190832","https://openalex.org/W2781935813","https://openalex.org/W2893363236","https://openalex.org/W2913059114","https://openalex.org/W2948579453","https://openalex.org/W3006449229","https://openalex.org/W3026139144","https://openalex.org/W3091533194","https://openalex.org/W3103539622","https://openalex.org/W3120419251","https://openalex.org/W3130442785","https://openalex.org/W3133932964","https://openalex.org/W3135608507","https://openalex.org/W3151647019","https://openalex.org/W3155575086","https://openalex.org/W3201412947","https://openalex.org/W4221116764","https://openalex.org/W4248700314","https://openalex.org/W4295346149","https://openalex.org/W4300906944","https://openalex.org/W4302423442","https://openalex.org/W4311419992","https://openalex.org/W4364322759","https://openalex.org/W6601293350"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2389124870","https://openalex.org/W1921844237","https://openalex.org/W2168149717","https://openalex.org/W200978175","https://openalex.org/W2042697870","https://openalex.org/W4302008527","https://openalex.org/W2980191562","https://openalex.org/W4322617885","https://openalex.org/W4387723785","https://openalex.org/W2097421443"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conditional":[0,88],"Independence":[1,89],"(CI)":[2],"tests":[3,25,98],"play":[4],"an":[5],"essential":[6],"role":[7],"in":[8,65,99,117],"causal":[9,130,138],"discovery":[10,131],"from":[11],"observational":[12],"data,":[13],"enabling":[14],"the":[15,27,37,55,60,66,72,75,79,94,100,105,113,118,123,128,134],"measurement":[16],"of":[17,31,39,54,62,74,96,102,136],"independence":[18,41,125],"between":[19,42,115],"two":[20],"nodes.":[21,43],"However,":[22],"traditional":[23,80,124],"CI":[24,81,97],"ignore":[26],"imbalanced":[28],"occurrence":[29],"probabilities":[30],"node":[32,63],"values,":[33],"which":[34],"may":[35],"affect":[36],"accuracy":[38,95],"determining":[40],"To":[44],"address":[45],"this":[46],"problem,":[47],"we":[48,84,107],"first":[49],"introduce":[50],"a":[51,86],"new":[52],"concept":[53],"Node-imbalance":[56,76,119],"phenomenon":[57,77,120],"to":[58,92],"describe":[59],"imbalance":[61],"values":[64],"Bayesian":[67],"network":[68],"data":[69],"and":[70,127],"analyze":[71],"influence":[73],"on":[78],"tests,":[82,126],"then":[83],"propose":[85],"Weight-Based":[87],"(WCI)":[90],"test":[91],"improve":[93],"presence":[101],"Node-imbalance.":[103],"In":[104],"experiments,":[106],"verify":[108],"that":[109],"WCI":[110],"effectively":[111],"measures":[112],"dependency":[114],"nodes":[116],"compared":[121],"with":[122],"state-of-the-art":[129],"algorithms":[132],"reduce":[133],"number":[135],"false":[137],"orientations":[139],"through":[140],"WCI.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}