{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401545746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3682068","title":"Differentially Private Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Model Using Federated Learning","display_name":"Differentially Private Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Model Using Federated Learning","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401545746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3682068"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3682068","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3682068","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3682068","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170305","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems","issn_l":"2158-656X","issn":["2158-656X","2158-6578"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3682068","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100405233","display_name":"Xiao-Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9532-1709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165799507","display_name":"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01rtyzb94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165799507"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiao-Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, United States","Columbia University, New York, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9532-1709","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165799507"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University, New York, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101293874","display_name":"Rongyi Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1601-5983"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rongyi Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States","University of Rochester, Rochester, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1601-5983","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Rochester, Rochester, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058071176","display_name":"Daochen Zha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6677-7504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74775410","display_name":"Rice University","ror":"https://ror.org/008zs3103","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daochen Zha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, United States","Rice University, Houston, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6677-7504","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rice University, Houston, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012051562","display_name":"Jiechao Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0628-1416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiechao Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States","University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0628-1416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044268984","display_name":"Shan Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9479-6350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shan Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, United States","Columbia University, New York, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9479-6350","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University, New York, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006252232","display_name":"Matt White","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120668","display_name":"Creative Commons","ror":"https://ror.org/02ed4cj64","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120668"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157916","display_name":"Tech Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfkg585","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157916"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403928327","display_name":"Linux Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02krvw113","country_code":null,"type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403928327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matt White","raw_affiliation_strings":["Executive Director, PyTorch Foundation, GM of AI, Linux Foundation, California, United States","LF AI & Data - Generative AI Commons, Linux Foundation, California, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2546-8331","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Executive Director, PyTorch Foundation, GM of AI, Linux Foundation, California, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157916"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LF AI & Data - Generative AI Commons, Linux Foundation, California, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120668","https://openalex.org/I4403928327"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083330935","display_name":"Meikang Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1004-0140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087454","display_name":"Augusta University Health","ror":"https://ror.org/007rawr89","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meikang Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Cyber Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, United States","Augusta University, Augusta, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1004-0140","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Cyber Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087454"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Augusta University, Augusta, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087454"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100405233"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165799507","https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.7729,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9898107,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9710000157356262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9168000221252441,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7447068691253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6992062926292419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.5968033671379089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raw-data","display_name":"Raw data","score":0.5513408780097961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.47638076543807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data","display_name":"Big data","score":0.4412570297718048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4140506088733673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3543999195098877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3375932574272156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3312479555606842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.18065795302391052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.17505496740341187}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7447068691253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6992062926292419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.5968033671379089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132964779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110223","display_name":"Raw data","level":2,"score":0.5513408780097961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.47638076543807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.4412570297718048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4140506088733673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3543999195098877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3375932574272156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3312479555606842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.18065795302391052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.17505496740341187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3682068","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3682068","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3682068","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170305","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems","issn_l":"2158-656X","issn":["2158-656X","2158-6578"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3682068","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3682068","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3682068","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170305","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems","issn_l":"2158-656X","issn":["2158-656X","2158-6578"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401545746.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2096870293","https://openalex.org/W2473418344","https://openalex.org/W2520472180","https://openalex.org/W2920737451","https://openalex.org/W3016632787","https://openalex.org/W3086809868","https://openalex.org/W3111009493","https://openalex.org/W3123459983","https://openalex.org/W3168867926","https://openalex.org/W3176828726","https://openalex.org/W3177323791","https://openalex.org/W3188505388","https://openalex.org/W4205991051","https://openalex.org/W4226278401","https://openalex.org/W4231844697","https://openalex.org/W4250961344","https://openalex.org/W4282961290","https://openalex.org/W4285225959","https://openalex.org/W4287122891","https://openalex.org/W4297253404","https://openalex.org/W4299354622","https://openalex.org/W4322766882","https://openalex.org/W4365395065","https://openalex.org/W4378227790","https://openalex.org/W4380373983","https://openalex.org/W4382998379","https://openalex.org/W4386263535","https://openalex.org/W4392162332","https://openalex.org/W4396843737","https://openalex.org/W6802279528"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390608645","https://openalex.org/W4247566972","https://openalex.org/W4394895745","https://openalex.org/W2960264696","https://openalex.org/W3090563135","https://openalex.org/W2497432351","https://openalex.org/W4206777497","https://openalex.org/W2092530219","https://openalex.org/W2910064364","https://openalex.org/W4255224757"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,182],"surge":[1],"in":[2,78,153],"interest":[3],"and":[4,26,115,188],"application":[5],"of":[6,108,176],"large":[7],"language":[8],"models":[9,18],"(LLMs)":[10],"has":[11],"sparked":[12],"a":[13,54,106,133,147],"drive":[14],"to":[15,19,41,64,92],"fine-tune":[16],"these":[17,127],"suit":[20],"specific":[21],"applications,":[22],"such":[23],"as":[24],"finance":[25],"medical":[27],"science.":[28],"However,":[29],"concerns":[30],"regarding":[31],"data":[32,63,73,102,143,158],"privacy":[33,74,144,159,200],"have":[34],"emerged,":[35],"especially":[36],"when":[37],"multiple":[38,90],"stakeholders":[39],"aim":[40],"collaboratively":[42],"enhance":[43,93],"LLMs":[44,120,193],"using":[45,191],"sensitive":[46,110],"data.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49,129],"scenario,":[50],"federated":[51,83,117,135],"learning":[52,84,118,136],"becomes":[53],"natural":[55],"choice,":[56],"allowing":[57],"decentralized":[58],"fine-tuning":[59,80],"without":[60],"exposing":[61],"raw":[62,101],"central":[65],"servers.":[66],"Motivated":[67],"by":[68,145],"this,":[69],"we":[70],"investigate":[71],"how":[72],"can":[75],"be":[76],"ensured":[77],"LLM":[79],"through":[81],"practical":[82],"approaches,":[85],"enabling":[86],"secure":[87],"contributions":[88],"from":[89,112],"parties":[91],"LLMs.":[94,140],"Yet,":[95],"challenges":[96],"arise:":[97],"(1)":[98],"despite":[99],"avoiding":[100],"exposure,":[103],"there":[104],"is":[105],"risk":[107],"inferring":[109],"information":[111],"model":[113,163],"outputs,":[114],"(2)":[116],"for":[119,139],"incurs":[121],"notable":[122],"communication":[123,168,204],"overhead.":[124,205],"To":[125],"address":[126],"challenges,":[128],"article":[130],"introduces":[131],"DP-LoRA,":[132],"novel":[134],"algorithm":[137],"tailored":[138],"DP-LoRA":[141,166,196],"preserves":[142],"employing":[146],"Gaussian":[148],"mechanism":[149],"that":[150,195],"adds":[151],"noise":[152],"weight":[154],"updates,":[155],"maintaining":[156],"individual":[157],"while":[160,202],"facilitating":[161],"collaborative":[162],"training.":[164,181],"Moreover,":[165],"optimizes":[167],"efficiency":[169],"via":[170],"low-rank":[171],"adaptation,":[172],"minimizing":[173,203],"the":[174],"transmission":[175],"updated":[177],"weights":[178],"during":[179],"distributed":[180],"experimental":[183],"results":[184],"across":[185],"medical,":[186],"financial,":[187],"general":[189],"datasets":[190],"various":[192],"demonstrate":[194],"effectively":[197],"ensures":[198],"strict":[199],"constraints":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-30T09:04:40.226872","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}