{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400955022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3681788","title":"Translation from Tunisian Dialect to Modern Standard Arabic: Exploring Finite-State Transducers and Sequence-to-Sequence Transformer Approaches","display_name":"Translation from Tunisian Dialect to Modern Standard Arabic: Exploring Finite-State Transducers and Sequence-to-Sequence Transformer Approaches","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400955022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3681788"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3681788","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3681788","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3681788","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306421405","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing","issn_l":"2375-4699","issn":["2375-4699","2375-4702"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3681788","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025538965","display_name":"Roua Torjmen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0585-0795"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142899784","display_name":"University of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4sd432","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roua Torjmen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economics and Management of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0585-0795","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economics and Management of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010431834","display_name":"Kais Haddar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5972-9694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142899784","display_name":"University of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4sd432","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kais Haddar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5972-9694","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8957,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78331528,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"10","first_page":"1","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.979200005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.8036731481552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic","score":0.6885628700256348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.678267240524292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6670097708702087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-state","display_name":"Finite state","score":0.611691415309906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.530677855014801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.48480644822120667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47550660371780396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.4331575036048889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.40087786316871643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18205046653747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.10308557748794556}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.8036731481552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.6885628700256348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.678267240524292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6670097708702087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983497884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176452","display_name":"Finite state","level":3,"score":0.611691415309906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.530677855014801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.48480644822120667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47550660371780396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.4331575036048889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.40087786316871643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18205046653747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10308557748794556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3681788","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3681788","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3681788","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306421405","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing","issn_l":"2375-4699","issn":["2375-4699","2375-4702"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3681788","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3681788","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3681788","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306421405","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing","issn_l":"2375-4699","issn":["2375-4699","2375-4702"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400955022.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W289085066","https://openalex.org/W1504625892","https://openalex.org/W1524281572","https://openalex.org/W2069143585","https://openalex.org/W2132474591","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2251948394","https://openalex.org/W2585813550","https://openalex.org/W2617180211","https://openalex.org/W2905123482","https://openalex.org/W2912083425","https://openalex.org/W2947960675","https://openalex.org/W3089774903","https://openalex.org/W4200531534","https://openalex.org/W4285289306","https://openalex.org/W4386576686"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3176018525","https://openalex.org/W2903533908","https://openalex.org/W2903810591","https://openalex.org/W3026554633","https://openalex.org/W2888520903","https://openalex.org/W2890256614","https://openalex.org/W2949454572","https://openalex.org/W3066373881","https://openalex.org/W2970247882","https://openalex.org/W4389523797"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Translation":[0],"from":[1,94],"the":[2,6,39,45,58,68,95,99,102,111,124,127,162],"mother":[3],"tongue,":[4],"including":[5],"Tunisian":[7,40,69],"dialect,":[8,41],"to":[9,23],"modern":[10],"standard":[11],"Arabic":[12],"is":[13],"a":[14,79,83,90,116,134,156,167],"highly":[15],"significant":[16],"field":[17],"in":[18,38],"natural":[19],"language":[20],"processing":[21],"due":[22],"its":[24],"wide":[25],"range":[26],"of":[27,48,85,126,159,170],"applications":[28],"and":[29,89,115,122],"associated":[30],"benefits.":[31],"Recently,":[32],"researchers":[33],"have":[34],"shown":[35],"increased":[36],"interest":[37],"primarily":[42],"driven":[43],"by":[44,52,143],"massive":[46],"volume":[47],"content":[49],"generated":[50],"spontaneously":[51],"Tunisians":[53],"on":[54,106,151],"social":[55],"media":[56],"following":[57],"revolution.":[59],"This":[60],"article":[61],"presents":[62],"two":[63,128],"distinct":[64],"translators":[65,145],"for":[66],"converting":[67],"dialect":[70],"into":[71],"Modern":[72],"Standard":[73],"Arabic.":[74],"The":[75,140,148],"first":[76],"translator":[77,104,149,165],"utilizes":[78],"rule-based":[80],"approach,":[81],"employing":[82],"collection":[84],"finite":[86,152],"state":[87,153],"transducers":[88,154],"bilingual":[91],"dictionary":[92],"derived":[93],"study":[96],"corpus.":[97,118],"On":[98],"other":[100],"hand,":[101],"second":[103],"relies":[105],"deep":[107],"learning":[108],"models,":[109],"specifically":[110],"sequence-to-sequence":[112],"transformer":[113,163],"model":[114],"parallel":[117,135],"To":[119],"assess,":[120],"evaluate,":[121],"compare":[123],"performance":[125],"translators,":[129],"we":[130],"conducted":[131],"tests":[132],"using":[133],"corpus":[136],"comprising":[137],"8,599":[138],"words.":[139],"results":[141],"achieved":[142,155,166],"both":[144],"are":[146],"noteworthy.":[147],"based":[150],"BLEU":[157],"score":[158,169],"56.65,":[160],"while":[161],"model-based":[164],"higher":[168],"66.07.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}