{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401992056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3678015.3680476","title":"Chaos: Function Granularity Runtime Address Layout Space Randomization for Kernel Module","display_name":"Chaos: Function Granularity Runtime Address Layout Space Randomization for Kernel Module","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401992056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3678015.3680476"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3678015.3680476","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3678015.3680476","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM SIGOPS Asia-Pacific Workshop on Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3678015.3680476","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103262411","display_name":"Zihao Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6723-7948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zihao Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhongguancun Laboratory"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6723-7948","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhongguancun Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111306293","display_name":"J.X. Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jihan Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhongguancun Laboratory"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5248-4847","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhongguancun Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103005084","display_name":"Haifeng Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9358-8808"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haifeng Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9358-8808","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111306294","display_name":"Runkuang Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Runkuang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhongguancun Laboratory"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4414-2309","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhongguancun Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092225638","display_name":"Ying Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3374-4403","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005582922","display_name":"Bin Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-823X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS and Zhongguancun Laboratory"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-823X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS and Zhongguancun Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100750786","display_name":"Xiaofang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1898-1359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Zhongguancun Laboratory and Institute of Intelligent Computing Technology, Suzhou, CAS"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1898-1359","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Zhongguancun Laboratory and Institute of Intelligent Computing Technology, Suzhou, CAS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103223944","display_name":"Dejun Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0041-5957"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dejun Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhongguancun Laboratory"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0041-5957","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhongguancun Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101738013","display_name":"Ninghui Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1953-1392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ninghui Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhongguancun Laboratory"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1953-1392","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhongguancun Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033922611","display_name":"Sa Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9629-0860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sa Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhongguancun Laboratory"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9629-0860","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhongguancun Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"23","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granularity","display_name":"Granularity","score":0.8859899044036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7097017765045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaos","display_name":"CHAOS (operating system)","score":0.6829717755317688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.6679335236549377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.478973388671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.460843563079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.37646037340164185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.30897951126098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.22149139642715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21625357866287231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.14204028248786926}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177774035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1246948","display_name":"Granularity","level":2,"score":0.8859899044036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7097017765045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779374083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5011038","display_name":"CHAOS (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.6829717755317688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.6679335236549377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.478973388671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.460843563079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.37646037340164185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.30897951126098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.22149139642715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21625357866287231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.14204028248786926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3678015.3680476","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3678015.3680476","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM SIGOPS Asia-Pacific Workshop on Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3678015.3680476","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3678015.3680476","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM SIGOPS Asia-Pacific Workshop on Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G197365306","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62090022,62172388","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","funder_display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01wk3d929"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510201064","https://openalex.org/W1538332098","https://openalex.org/W1964281299","https://openalex.org/W1982778414","https://openalex.org/W2009801020","https://openalex.org/W2035991175","https://openalex.org/W2073524356","https://openalex.org/W2089448621","https://openalex.org/W2132806808","https://openalex.org/W2138517425","https://openalex.org/W2154555738","https://openalex.org/W2159059513","https://openalex.org/W2168843528","https://openalex.org/W2293825325","https://openalex.org/W2368550879","https://openalex.org/W2529582363","https://openalex.org/W2532499458","https://openalex.org/W2600930651","https://openalex.org/W4214644412"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2931688134","https://openalex.org/W2377919138","https://openalex.org/W2378857091","https://openalex.org/W2999756192","https://openalex.org/W103652678","https://openalex.org/W4226090359","https://openalex.org/W2059697060","https://openalex.org/W936373746","https://openalex.org/W4382701072","https://openalex.org/W4256502920"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,150],"return-oriented":[1],"programming":[2],"(ROP)":[3],"is":[4,40,73],"a":[5,89],"prevalent":[6],"code":[7,46],"reuse":[8,47],"attack.":[9],"It":[10,107],"exploits":[11],"vulnerabilities":[12],"such":[13],"as":[14],"stack":[15],"overflows":[16],"to":[17,43,77,103,113],"hijack":[18],"the":[19,23,33,56,60,95,123,128],"execution":[20],"flow":[21],"into":[22],"carefully":[24],"chosen":[25],"instruction":[26],"snippet":[27],"(called":[28],"gadget)":[29],"chain":[30],"already":[31],"in":[32],"memory.":[34],"Address":[35],"Space":[36],"Layout":[37],"Randomization":[38],"(ASLR)":[39],"widely":[41],"used":[42],"defend":[44,78],"against":[45,79],"attacks":[48],"like":[49],"ROP":[50,81],"from":[51,75],"hijacking":[52],"control":[53],"flow.":[54],"However,":[55],"Linux":[57,138],"kernel,":[58],"especially":[59],"most":[61],"vulnerable":[62],"kernel":[63,96,124,161],"module,":[64],"only":[65,121],"applies":[66],"basic":[67],"coarsegrained":[68],"load-time":[69],"ASLR":[70,93,158],"methods.":[71],"This":[72],"far":[74],"sufficient":[76],"new":[80],"attacks.":[82],"In":[83],"this":[84],"paper,":[85],"we":[86],"propose":[87],"Chaos,":[88],"fine-grained":[90,156],"runtime":[91,112,157],"architecture-independent":[92],"for":[94,159],"module.":[97],"Chaos":[98,120,135,154],"adopts":[99],"function":[100],"granularity":[101],"randomization":[102,105,110],"increase":[104],"entropy.":[106],"continuously":[108],"performs":[109],"during":[111],"invalidate":[114],"memory":[115],"disclosure.":[116],"To":[117],"reduce":[118],"overhead,":[119],"suspends":[122],"module":[125],"and":[126,143],"minimizes":[127],"running":[129],"state":[130],"migration":[131],"efforts.":[132],"We":[133],"implement":[134],"based":[136],"on":[137,141],"5.10":[139],"LTS":[140],"ARM64":[142],"evaluate":[144],"it":[145],"using":[146],"two":[147],"common":[148],"benchmarks.":[149],"result":[151],"demonstrates":[152],"that":[153],"achieves":[155],"protecting":[160],"modules":[162],"with":[163],"5%":[164],"performance":[165],"overhead":[166],"degradation":[167],"at":[168],"most.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
