{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409306160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3676536.3676788","title":"Balor: HLS Source Code Evaluator Based on Custom Graphs and Hierarchical GNNs","display_name":"Balor: HLS Source Code Evaluator Based on Custom Graphs and Hierarchical GNNs","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409306160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3676536.3676788"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3676536.3676788","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3676536.3676788","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3676536.3676788","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 43rd IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3676536.3676788","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060329151","display_name":"Emmet Murphy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3126-7379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Emmet Murphy","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030147096","display_name":"Lana Josipovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6659-8533"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lana Josipovi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060329151"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0396,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79905528,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12326","display_name":"Network Packet Processing and Optimization","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.732743501663208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.694015383720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.4492746591567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4457218050956726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.4442007541656494}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.732743501663208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.694015383720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.4492746591567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4457218050956726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4442007541656494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3676536.3676788","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3676536.3676788","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3676536.3676788","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 43rd IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3676536.3676788","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3676536.3676788","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3676536.3676788","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 43rd IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409306160.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409306160.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1583837637","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2398354748","https://openalex.org/W2624868339","https://openalex.org/W2900129920","https://openalex.org/W2911037141","https://openalex.org/W2975468520","https://openalex.org/W2998496395","https://openalex.org/W3089476745","https://openalex.org/W3090389586","https://openalex.org/W3098230582","https://openalex.org/W3107652887","https://openalex.org/W3112616759","https://openalex.org/W3152893301","https://openalex.org/W3215059889","https://openalex.org/W4211236386","https://openalex.org/W4239437589","https://openalex.org/W4246166885","https://openalex.org/W4285114951","https://openalex.org/W4293025067","https://openalex.org/W4293026115","https://openalex.org/W4297182968","https://openalex.org/W4308916273","https://openalex.org/W4391429600","https://openalex.org/W6785059380"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2056396287","https://openalex.org/W3081644756"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"High-Level":[1],"Synthesis":[2],"(HLS)":[3],"enables":[4],"circuit":[5],"generation":[6],"directly":[7,59],"from":[8,60],"languages":[9],"like":[10],"C/C++":[11],"and":[12,81,90,107,163,173,190],"OpenCL,":[13],"optimal":[14],"implementations":[15],"require":[16],"additional":[17,179],"design":[18],"specification":[19],"through":[20],"compiler":[21,106,115],"directives.":[22],"Automated":[23],"optimization":[24],"of":[25,30,56,72,77,84,103,155,159],"these":[26],"directives":[27],"requires":[28],"evaluation":[29],"candidate":[31],"designs,":[32],"but":[33,64],"is":[34,116,196],"bottlenecked":[35],"by":[36,167,188,193],"the":[37,49,53,70,75,136,156,165,176],"high":[38,82],"computational":[39,91,191],"cost.":[40,92],"Graph":[41],"Neural":[42],"Networks":[43],"(GNNs)":[44],"have":[45],"recently":[46],"emerged":[47],"as":[48],"state-of-the-art":[50],"for":[51,118,178],"estimating":[52],"required":[54],"Quality":[55],"Results":[57],"(QoR)":[58],"high-level":[61],"source":[62,98],"code,":[63],"they":[65],"come":[66],"with":[67],"associated":[68],"challenges:":[69],"difficulty":[71],"information":[73,134],"propagation,":[74],"complexity":[76],"software-oriented":[78],"graph":[79,105,114,166],"representations,":[80],"levels":[83],"extraneous":[85],"computation":[86],"increase":[87],"both":[88],"error":[89,187],"We":[93],"present":[94],"Balor,":[95],"an":[96,160],"HLS":[97,119,161],"code":[99],"evaluator,":[100],"which":[101],"consists":[102],"a":[104,108],"GNN-based":[109],"QoR":[110,120],"estimator.":[111],"The":[112],"modular":[113],"tailor-made":[117],"estimation,":[121],"producing":[122],"smaller":[123],"graphs":[124],"that":[125],"contain":[126],"only":[127],"HLS-specific":[128],"information.":[129],"Balor":[130,195],"analytically":[131],"propagates":[132],"important":[133],"across":[135],"graph,":[137],"allowing":[138],"us":[139],"to":[140,142,170],"pivot":[141],"small,":[143],"local":[144],"GNNs,":[145],"while":[146],"outperforming":[147],"more":[148],"expensive":[149],"networks.":[150],"Additionally,":[151],"we":[152],"make":[153],"use":[154],"natural":[157],"hierarchy":[158],"kernel,":[162],"cluster":[164],"basic":[168],"block,":[169],"further":[171],"propagate":[172],"process":[174],"information---without":[175],"need":[177],"datasets.":[180],"Combined,":[181],"our":[182],"contributions":[183],"simultaneously":[184],"reduce":[185],"estimation":[186],"41%,":[189],"cost":[192],"82%.":[194],"open-sourced":[197],"at":[198],"github.com/emmet-murphy/balor":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
