{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401888960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3675760","title":"Decoding The Playbook: Multi-Modal Characterization of Coordinated Influence Operations on Indian Social Media","display_name":"Decoding The Playbook: Multi-Modal Characterization of Coordinated Influence Operations on Indian Social Media","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401888960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3675760"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3675760","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3675760","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3675760","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387291547","display_name":"ACM Journal on Computing and Sustainable Societies","issn_l":"2834-5533","issn":["2834-5533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Journal on Computing and Sustainable Societies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3675760","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081749318","display_name":"Saloni Dash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7292-8275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58610484","display_name":"Seattle University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqc0m91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58610484"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saloni Dash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7292-8275","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I58610484"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114214153","display_name":"Tanu Mitra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58610484","display_name":"Seattle University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqc0m91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58610484"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tanu Mitra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9507-6192","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I58610484"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9669,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91834029,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.7588934898376465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/characterization","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","score":0.5160441398620605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modal","display_name":"Modal","score":0.5115045309066772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49125760793685913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3646059036254883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.35528260469436646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.0785980224609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.07755649089813232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06507810950279236}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.7588934898376465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.5160441398620605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71139939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194","display_name":"Modal","level":2,"score":0.5115045309066772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49125760793685913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3646059036254883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.35528260469436646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0785980224609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.07755649089813232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06507810950279236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3675760","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3675760","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3675760","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387291547","display_name":"ACM Journal on Computing and Sustainable Societies","issn_l":"2834-5533","issn":["2834-5533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Journal on Computing and Sustainable Societies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3675760","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3675760","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3675760","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387291547","display_name":"ACM Journal on Computing and Sustainable Societies","issn_l":"2834-5533","issn":["2834-5533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Journal on Computing and Sustainable Societies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401888960.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401888960.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2019077935","https://openalex.org/W2023315202","https://openalex.org/W2131681506","https://openalex.org/W2181182827","https://openalex.org/W2299805819","https://openalex.org/W2605286186","https://openalex.org/W2612367592","https://openalex.org/W2768290804","https://openalex.org/W2897330266","https://openalex.org/W2908670522","https://openalex.org/W2971881481","https://openalex.org/W2988120509","https://openalex.org/W2999990972","https://openalex.org/W3010968540","https://openalex.org/W3025368479","https://openalex.org/W3037604166","https://openalex.org/W3038675020","https://openalex.org/W3041176905","https://openalex.org/W3043892524","https://openalex.org/W3068316593","https://openalex.org/W3096436014","https://openalex.org/W3099768174","https://openalex.org/W3100806282","https://openalex.org/W3107306936","https://openalex.org/W3143067158","https://openalex.org/W3151343903","https://openalex.org/W3163217719","https://openalex.org/W3193741227","https://openalex.org/W3201996366","https://openalex.org/W3205010820","https://openalex.org/W3210546290","https://openalex.org/W3214062599","https://openalex.org/W4214694322","https://openalex.org/W4248074764","https://openalex.org/W4283462091","https://openalex.org/W4312293558"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W3107994849","https://openalex.org/W4247143848","https://openalex.org/W2009883749","https://openalex.org/W2735573198","https://openalex.org/W29442446","https://openalex.org/W330727063","https://openalex.org/W3203142394","https://openalex.org/W2896904446","https://openalex.org/W2161474341"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Manipulation":[0],"of":[1,74,94,99,106,116,150,169,183,208,218],"online":[2,28],"discourse":[3],"through":[4,159,174],"organized":[5,52],"disinformation":[6],"and":[7,16,24,40,63,161,187,213,216],"propaganda":[8],"campaigns":[9,77,186],"is":[10,45,51,129],"a":[11,46],"threat":[12],"to":[13,199],"information":[14],"integrity":[15],"democratic":[17],"dialogue.":[18],"Taking":[19],"cues":[20],"from":[21,141],"on-ground":[22],"reports":[23],"recent":[25],"literature":[26],"on":[27,78,86],"trend":[29],"manipulation":[30],"in":[31,120,138,211],"the":[32,100,107,114,121,181,196,206,214],"Indian":[33,79,122],"political":[34],"landscape,":[35],"we":[36,69,91,146],"argue":[37],"that":[38,126,156,171],"organizing":[39],"consequently":[41],"detecting":[42],"influence":[43,190,204],"operations":[44],"multi-modal":[47,197],"problem,":[48],"where":[49,154],"coordination":[50,88,117,128,136,163,176,185,200],"around":[53],"different":[54],"modalities":[55],"like":[56],"tweet":[57,127,160],",":[58,60,62],"retweet":[59,135,175],"image":[61,162],"temporal":[64,209],".":[65],"In":[66],"this":[67],"article,":[68],"examine":[70],"three":[71],"case":[72],"studies":[73],"prominent":[75],"hashtag":[76,132],"X":[80],"(formerly":[81],"known":[82],"as":[83],"Twitter).":[84],"Building":[85],"prior":[87],"detection":[89],"methods,":[90],"identify":[92],"communities":[93,109],"coordinated":[95,108],"users":[96,151,155,170],"across":[97,152],"each":[98],"four":[101],"modalities.":[102],"An":[103],"in-depth":[104],"analysis":[105],"offers":[110],"unique":[111],"insights":[112],"into":[113],"playbook":[115],"strategies":[118],"employed":[119],"context.":[123],"We":[124,192],"find":[125,147],"used":[130],"for":[131,201],"trending,":[133],"while":[134],"aids":[137],"amplifying":[139],"messaging":[140],"influential":[142],"right-wing":[143],"accounts.":[144],"Moreover,":[145],"distinct":[148,184],"roles":[149],"modalities,":[153],"disseminate":[157],"content":[158,173],"(":[164,177],"disseminators":[165],")":[166],"are":[167],"independent":[168],"amplify":[172],"amplifiers":[178],"),":[179],"suggesting":[180],"existence":[182],"objectives":[188],"within":[189],"operations.":[191],"conclude":[193],"by":[194],"highlighting":[195],"approach":[198],"comprehensively":[202],"characterizing":[203],"operations,":[205],"drawbacks":[207],"filtering":[210],"coordination,":[212],"transferability":[215],"implications":[217],"our":[219],"findings.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}