{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405144076","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3673791.3698406","title":"Investigating Users' Search Behavior and Outcome with ChatGPT in Learning-oriented Search Tasks","display_name":"Investigating Users' Search Behavior and Outcome with ChatGPT in Learning-oriented Search Tasks","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405144076","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3673791.3698406"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3673791.3698406","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3673791.3698406","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3673791.3698406","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2024 Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval in the Asia Pacific Region","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3673791.3698406","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sijie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4425-750X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sijie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4425-750X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yuyang Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2828-1165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuyang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2828-1165","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108891390","display_name":"Zihang Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8292-5384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zihang Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8292-5384","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005501197","display_name":"Zhe Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1327-090X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066101825","display_name":"Shijin Ruan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shijin Ruan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5537-0349","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072119199","display_name":"Jiaxin Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9257-5498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaxin Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9257-5498","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5958,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91862568,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"103","last_page":"113"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.9280999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.9280999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9254999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.92330002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7109137177467346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outcome","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","score":0.6796213388442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34081870317459106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.33814775943756104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.32521745562553406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3217935562133789}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7109137177467346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.6796213388442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34081870317459106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.33814775943756104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.32521745562553406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3217935562133789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3673791.3698406","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3673791.3698406","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3673791.3698406","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2024 Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval in the Asia Pacific Region","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3673791.3698406","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3673791.3698406","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3673791.3698406","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2024 Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval in the Asia Pacific Region","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322499","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405144076.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405144076.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485966662","https://openalex.org/W1560729591","https://openalex.org/W1971708887","https://openalex.org/W1983132692","https://openalex.org/W2048987619","https://openalex.org/W2069049590","https://openalex.org/W2081188328","https://openalex.org/W2125671490","https://openalex.org/W2153030345","https://openalex.org/W2237396823","https://openalex.org/W2239617570","https://openalex.org/W2319857521","https://openalex.org/W2329229499","https://openalex.org/W2530894261","https://openalex.org/W2572392832","https://openalex.org/W2590822507","https://openalex.org/W2591990083","https://openalex.org/W2794333943","https://openalex.org/W2883128230","https://openalex.org/W2898076813","https://openalex.org/W2900756811","https://openalex.org/W2993918576","https://openalex.org/W2998372272","https://openalex.org/W3004092718","https://openalex.org/W3008379384","https://openalex.org/W3014901735","https://openalex.org/W3034645139","https://openalex.org/W3125969194","https://openalex.org/W3133828749","https://openalex.org/W3134409322","https://openalex.org/W3152824819","https://openalex.org/W4220889970","https://openalex.org/W4281482237","https://openalex.org/W4284698080","https://openalex.org/W4309701589","https://openalex.org/W4315797044","https://openalex.org/W4327910356","https://openalex.org/W4360991106","https://openalex.org/W4380875567","https://openalex.org/W4380881519","https://openalex.org/W4383817745","https://openalex.org/W4384520759","https://openalex.org/W4384890810","https://openalex.org/W4385794172","https://openalex.org/W4387736592","https://openalex.org/W4404519374","https://openalex.org/W4404534210","https://openalex.org/W6633724138"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4387369504","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Searching":[0],"has":[1,16,46,62],"become":[2],"an":[3],"essential":[4],"method":[5],"for":[6,25],"acquiring":[7],"knowledge.":[8],"The":[9,37,138],"field":[10],"of":[11,39,103,163],"Search":[12],"as":[13],"Learning":[14],"(SAL)":[15],"traditionally":[17],"explored":[18,99],"how":[19,64],"users":[20,67],"engage":[21],"with":[22,33],"search":[23,55,89,114,121,125],"engines":[24,30],"learning":[26],"tasks,":[27],"yet":[28],"these":[29,48],"frequently":[31],"falter":[32],"complex":[34,155],"cognitive":[35,104,136],"challenges.":[36],"emergence":[38],"large":[40],"language":[41],"models":[42],"(LLMs)":[43],"like":[44],"ChatGPT":[45,65,142],"addressed":[47],"shortcomings,":[49],"marking":[50],"a":[51,78,107],"shift":[52],"towards":[53],"conversational":[54],"methods.":[56],"Despite":[57],"its":[58],"potential,":[59],"few":[60],"research":[61,158],"investigated":[63],"supports":[66],"in":[68,153,166],"the":[69,160],"SAL":[70],"context.":[71],"To":[72],"bridge":[73],"this":[74],"gap,":[75],"we":[76,111],"conducted":[77],"dedicated":[79],"user":[80,148],"study":[81],"involving":[82],"thirty-one":[83],"undergraduates":[84],"performing":[85],"nine":[86],"distinct":[87],"learning-related":[88],"tasks.":[90,156],"These":[91],"tasks":[92],"were":[93],"divided":[94],"into":[95],"three":[96,101,120],"topics,":[97],"each":[98],"at":[100],"levels":[102],"complexity.":[105],"Using":[106],"Latin":[108],"square":[109],"design,":[110],"analyzed":[112],"users'":[113,168],"behavior":[115],"and":[116,128,135,146,150],"outcome":[117],"when":[118],"using":[119],"modes":[122],"--":[123,131],"traditional":[124],"engines,":[126],"ChatGPT,":[127],"their":[129],"combination":[130],"across":[132],"various":[133],"topics":[134],"complexities.":[137],"findings":[139],"suggest":[140],"that":[141],"significantly":[143],"boosts":[144],"efficiency":[145],"enhances":[147],"experience":[149],"outcomes,":[151],"particularly":[152],"more":[154],"This":[157],"highlights":[159],"increasing":[161],"importance":[162],"generative":[164],"AI":[165],"enriching":[167],"information-seeking":[169],"endeavors.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
