{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405298930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672608.3707797","title":"SHIELD: Assessing Security-by-Design in Federated Data Spaces Using Attack Graphs","display_name":"SHIELD: Assessing Security-by-Design in Federated Data Spaces Using Attack Graphs","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405298930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672608.3707797"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3672608.3707797","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672608.3707797","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3672608.3707797","source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 40th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3672608.3707797","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101415855","display_name":"A. Palma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9104-9904"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Palma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer, Control, and Management Engineering, 00185, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","DIAG UNIROMA - Dipartimento di Ingegneria informatica automatica e gestionale [Roma] (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' - Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma / Department of Computer, Control, and Management Engineering Antonio Ruberti - Italy)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9104-9904","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer, Control, and Management Engineering, 00185, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIAG UNIROMA - Dipartimento di Ingegneria informatica automatica e gestionale [Roma] (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' - Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma / Department of Computer, Control, and Management Engineering Antonio Ruberti - Italy)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117537450","display_name":"Nikolaos Papadakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2379-7158"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145102","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/042tfbd02","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153010","display_name":"T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis","ror":"https://ror.org/05xvk4r52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I4210145102","https://openalex.org/I4387153010"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolaos Papadakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samovar, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France, France","ACMES-SAMOVAR - Architecture, Cloud continuum, formal Models, artificial intElligence and Services in distributed computing (TELECOM Sudparis\r\n 9 rue Charles Fourier\r\n 91011 EVRY - France)","IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris (Route de Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau Cedex, France - France)","TSP - INF - D\u00e9partement Informatique (France)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2379-7158","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samovar, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ACMES-SAMOVAR - Architecture, Cloud continuum, formal Models, artificial intElligence and Services in distributed computing (TELECOM Sudparis\r\n 9 rue Charles Fourier\r\n 91011 EVRY - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153010"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris (Route de Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau Cedex, France - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TSP - INF - D\u00e9partement Informatique (France)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078078081","display_name":"Georgios Bouloukakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0109-9527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145102","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/042tfbd02","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153010","display_name":"T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis","ror":"https://ror.org/05xvk4r52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I4210145102","https://openalex.org/I4387153010"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Bouloukakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samovar, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France, France","ACMES-SAMOVAR - Architecture, Cloud continuum, formal Models, artificial intElligence and Services in distributed computing (TELECOM Sudparis\r\n 9 rue Charles Fourier\r\n 91011 EVRY - France)","IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris (Route de Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau Cedex, France - France)","TSP - INF - D\u00e9partement Informatique (France)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0109-9527","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samovar, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ACMES-SAMOVAR - Architecture, Cloud continuum, formal Models, artificial intElligence and Services in distributed computing (TELECOM Sudparis\r\n 9 rue Charles Fourier\r\n 91011 EVRY - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153010"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris (Route de Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau Cedex, France - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TSP - INF - D\u00e9partement Informatique (France)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011415694","display_name":"Joaqu\u00edn Garc\u00eda-Alfaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7453-4393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111949","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Ing\u00e9nierie Circulation Transports","ror":"https://ror.org/02ahzca76","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111949","https://openalex.org/I4210154111","https://openalex.org/I4210166914"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145102","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/042tfbd02","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153010","display_name":"T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis","ror":"https://ror.org/05xvk4r52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I4210145102","https://openalex.org/I4387153010"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261500","display_name":"Services r\u00e9partis, Architectures, MOd\u00e9lisation, Validation, Administration des R\u00e9seaux","ror":"https://ror.org/05d29yv45","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I4210145102","https://openalex.org/I4387153010","https://openalex.org/I4405261500"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joaquin Garcia-Alfaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samovar, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France, France","IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris (Route de Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau Cedex, France - France)","SCN-SAMOVAR - S\u00e9curit\u00e9 et Confiance Num\u00e9rique (T\u00e9l\u00e9com Sudparis, 9 rue Charles Fourier -91011 Evry-Courcouronnes cedex - France)","TSP - RST - D\u00e9partement R\u00e9seaux et Services de T\u00e9l\u00e9communications (T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis - 9 rue Charles Fourier - 91011 \u00c9vry cedex - France)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7453-4393","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samovar, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris (Route de Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau Cedex, France - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SCN-SAMOVAR - S\u00e9curit\u00e9 et Confiance Num\u00e9rique (T\u00e9l\u00e9com Sudparis, 9 rue Charles Fourier -91011 Evry-Courcouronnes cedex - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111949","https://openalex.org/I4387153010","https://openalex.org/I4405261500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TSP - RST - D\u00e9partement R\u00e9seaux et Services de T\u00e9l\u00e9communications (T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis - 9 rue Charles Fourier - 91011 \u00c9vry cedex - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145102","https://openalex.org/I4387153010"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115404624","display_name":"Mattia Sospetti","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mattia Sospetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["GrottiniLab S.r.L., Porto Recanati, Macerata, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7317-5408","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GrottiniLab S.r.L., Porto Recanati, Macerata, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073027131","display_name":"Kostas Magoutis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7288-5923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142617266","display_name":"University of Crete","ror":"https://ror.org/00dr28g20","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142617266"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121775","display_name":"FORTH Institute of Computer Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02tf48g55","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121775","https://openalex.org/I8901234"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163356","display_name":"Crete University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/05fdghr47","country_code":"GR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163356"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8901234","display_name":"Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas","ror":"https://ror.org/052rphn09","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8901234"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kostas Magoutis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Crete, University of Crete, Crete, Greece, Greece","Institute of Computer Science (ICS) - Hellas (FORTH), Hellas (FORTH), Crete, Greece, Greece","ICS-FORTH - Institute of Computer Science [FORTH, Heraklion] (Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH)\r\nInstitute of Computer Science \r\nN. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, GR-700 13 Heraklion, Crete - Greece)","UOC - University of Crete [Heraklion] (Gallos University Campus, GR-74100 Rethymnon, Crete OR Voutes University Campus, 70013 Heraklion - Greece)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7288-5923","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Crete, University of Crete, Crete, Greece, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142617266"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science (ICS) - Hellas (FORTH), Hellas (FORTH), Crete, Greece, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121775"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICS-FORTH - Institute of Computer Science [FORTH, Heraklion] (Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH)\r\nInstitute of Computer Science \r\nN. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, GR-700 13 Heraklion, Crete - Greece)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121775","https://openalex.org/I8901234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UOC - University of Crete [Heraklion] (Gallos University Campus, GR-74100 Rethymnon, Crete OR Voutes University Campus, 70013 Heraklion - Greece)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142617266","https://openalex.org/I4210163356"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9276,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78950526,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"480","last_page":"489"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9857000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7220612168312073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shield","display_name":"Shield","score":0.6833192110061646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6162621974945068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.124209463596344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7220612168312073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138081364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852013","display_name":"Shield","level":2,"score":0.6833192110061646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6162621974945068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.124209463596344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5900021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163082","display_name":"Petrology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3672608.3707797","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672608.3707797","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3672608.3707797","source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 40th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04832442v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://inria.hal.science/hal-04832442","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SAC 2025 : The 40th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium On Applied Computing","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/1740426","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11573/1740426","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196107","display_name":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3672608.3707797","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672608.3707797","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3672608.3707797","source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 40th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2382252730","display_name":"digital TuRn in EUrope: Strengthening relational reliance through Technology","funder_award_id":"101007820","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5083571560","display_name":"DIGITAL MAINTENANCE FOR SUSTAINABLE AND FLEXIBLE OPERATION OF HYDROPOWER PLANT","funder_award_id":"101122311","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7074816581","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101007820","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","funder_display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334679","display_name":"Research Executive Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405298930.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405298930.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2303212871","https://openalex.org/W2588999644","https://openalex.org/W2622921428","https://openalex.org/W2790891361","https://openalex.org/W2792581684","https://openalex.org/W2794170508","https://openalex.org/W2946408872","https://openalex.org/W2969468102","https://openalex.org/W2998285959","https://openalex.org/W3009894600","https://openalex.org/W3028017009","https://openalex.org/W3083463474","https://openalex.org/W3110900633","https://openalex.org/W3127433831","https://openalex.org/W3215723981","https://openalex.org/W4205786215","https://openalex.org/W4233339973","https://openalex.org/W4242110138","https://openalex.org/W4255958999","https://openalex.org/W4285413689","https://openalex.org/W4293093184","https://openalex.org/W4309564155","https://openalex.org/W4389274174","https://openalex.org/W4389486349","https://openalex.org/W4390881168","https://openalex.org/W4391883770","https://openalex.org/W4392405755","https://openalex.org/W4396508215","https://openalex.org/W4399699181"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W191020423","https://openalex.org/W212028160","https://openalex.org/W4388071457","https://openalex.org/W2384581482","https://openalex.org/W4379056371","https://openalex.org/W4224273067","https://openalex.org/W2379865809"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Federated":[0],"data":[1,11,76,99],"spaces":[2],"allow":[3],"organizations":[4],"to":[5,18,24,33,55,85,107],"share":[6],"and":[7,82,102],"control":[8],"their":[9,16],"own":[10],"across":[12],"various":[13],"domains,":[14],"but":[15,45],"exposure":[17],"cyber":[19,90],"attacks":[20],"has":[21],"increased":[22],"due":[23],"a":[25,71,119,126,130],"surge":[26],"in":[27,129],"newly":[28],"discovered":[29],"vulnerabilities.":[30],"Existing":[31],"solutions":[32],"secure":[34],"them":[35],"focus":[36],"on":[37],"messaging":[38,105,120],"protocol":[39],"protection":[40],"(e.g.,":[41,59],"using":[42,116],"cryptographic":[43],"means),":[44],"this":[46,66],"is":[47,93,122],"not":[48],"sufficient.":[49],"Attackers":[50],"may":[51],"exploit":[52],"additional":[53],"vulnerabilities":[54],"cause":[56],"significant":[57],"issues":[58],"disrupting":[60],"the":[61,87,98],"availability":[62],"of":[63,89,114],"services).":[64],"To":[65],"end,":[67],"we":[68],"propose":[69],"SHIELD,":[70],"security-by-design":[72],"approach":[73],"for":[74],"federated":[75],"spaces,":[77],"which":[78],"leverages":[79],"attack":[80],"graphs":[81],"trust":[83],"computation":[84],"mitigate":[86],"risks":[88],"attacks.":[91,110],"Mitigation":[92],"accomplished":[94],"by":[95],"proactively":[96],"assessing":[97],"spaces'":[100],"weaknesses":[101],"implementing":[103],"security":[104],"measures":[106],"prevent":[108],"detrimental":[109],"A":[111],"prototype":[112],"implementation":[113],"SHIELD":[115],"publish/subscribe":[117],"as":[118],"mechanism":[121],"experimentally":[123],"evaluated":[124],"over":[125],"real":[127],"architecture":[128],"V2X":[131],"(Vehicle-to-Everything)":[132],"scenario.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}