{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405464879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3670865.3673519","title":"A Strategic Model of Software Dependency Networks","display_name":"A Strategic Model of Software Dependency Networks","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405464879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3670865.3673519"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3670865.3673519","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3670865.3673519","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th ACM Conference on Economics and Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063120516","display_name":"Cornelius Fritz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7781-223X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cornelius Fritz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Penn State University, State College, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7781-223X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University, State College, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102888296","display_name":"Co-Pierre Georg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6403-941X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157614274","display_name":"University of Cape Town","ror":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Co-Pierre Georg","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6403-941X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062812067","display_name":"Angelo Mele","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2890-6042"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angelo Mele","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University - Carey School of Business, Baltimore, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2890-6042","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University - Carey School of Business, Baltimore, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019299380","display_name":"Michael Schweinberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3649-5386"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Schweinberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Penn State University, State College, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3649-5386","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University, State College, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063120516"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2696,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57539772,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"863","last_page":"892"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11031","display_name":"Game Theory and Applications","score":0.9783999919891357,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9715999960899353,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","score":0.693320095539093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6762293577194214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4350528120994568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.36150169372558594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.15491148829460144}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.693320095539093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6762293577194214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4350528120994568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.36150169372558594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.15491148829460144}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3670865.3673519","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3670865.3673519","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th ACM Conference on Economics and Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5969138710","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSF DMS-1513644","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1573937741","https://openalex.org/W2000116444","https://openalex.org/W2005883298","https://openalex.org/W2017971446","https://openalex.org/W2033805154","https://openalex.org/W2064766914","https://openalex.org/W2086237092","https://openalex.org/W2098509290","https://openalex.org/W2112736324","https://openalex.org/W2113258333","https://openalex.org/W2122383909","https://openalex.org/W2161728228","https://openalex.org/W2164412965","https://openalex.org/W2168735742","https://openalex.org/W2284476002","https://openalex.org/W2587099150","https://openalex.org/W2594308993","https://openalex.org/W2595321723","https://openalex.org/W2733373979","https://openalex.org/W2752908210","https://openalex.org/W2765076328","https://openalex.org/W2807375673","https://openalex.org/W2963748706","https://openalex.org/W3005351182","https://openalex.org/W3007771191","https://openalex.org/W3011579450","https://openalex.org/W3098977190","https://openalex.org/W3102036813","https://openalex.org/W3102445903","https://openalex.org/W3102487609","https://openalex.org/W3121674998","https://openalex.org/W3123336377","https://openalex.org/W3123365097","https://openalex.org/W3159918802","https://openalex.org/W3160780879","https://openalex.org/W3201161160","https://openalex.org/W4248541685","https://openalex.org/W4252846263","https://openalex.org/W4298404569","https://openalex.org/W4300699416","https://openalex.org/W4307565332","https://openalex.org/W4309333277","https://openalex.org/W7010421065"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Software":[0],"development":[1],"is":[2,102,149],"a":[3,46,65,82,90,135,144],"collaborative":[4],"effort":[5],"that":[6,106,170],"leverages":[7],"existing":[8,21,28],"code,":[9],"which":[10],"reduces":[11,178],"the":[12,36,77,117,128,139,153,173],"cost":[13],"of":[14,38,49,64,67,76,89,116,120,130,141,160],"developing":[15],"new":[16],"software.":[17],"That":[18],"said,":[19],"leveraging":[20],"code":[22,29],"exposes":[23],"coders":[24,96,98,107],"to":[25,110,112,133],"vulnerabilities,":[26],"because":[27],"might":[30],"contain":[31],"programming":[32,79],"bugs.":[33],"We":[34,57,86,124],"study":[35],"formation":[37,51],"dependency":[39],"networks":[40],"among":[41],"software":[42,122],"repositories,":[43],"guided":[44],"by":[45,181],"strategic":[47],"model":[48],"network":[50,66],"with":[52,152],"observable":[53],"and":[54,61,119],"unobservable":[55],"heterogeneity.":[56],"estimate":[58],"costs,":[59],"benefits,":[60],"link":[62,111],"externalities":[63],"696,":[68],"790":[69],"directed":[70],"dependencies":[71],"between":[72],"35,":[73],"473":[74],"repositories":[75,162,177],"Rust":[78],"language":[80],"using":[81],"scalable":[83],"statistical":[84],"algorithm.":[85],"find":[87],"evidence":[88],"positive":[91],"externality":[92],"exerted":[93],"on":[94],"other":[95,121],"when":[97],"create":[99],"dependencies.":[100],"What":[101],"more,":[103],"we":[104,168],"show":[105,169],"are":[108],"likely":[109],"more":[113],"popular":[114],"packages":[115,143],"same":[118],"types.":[123],"adopt":[125],"models":[126],"for":[127],"spread":[129],"infectious":[131],"diseases":[132],"measure":[134],"package's":[136],"systemicness":[137],"as":[138],"number":[140],"downstream":[142],"vulnerability":[145,179],"would":[146],"affect.":[147],"Systemicness":[148],"highly":[150],"skewed":[151],"most":[154,175],"systemic":[155],"repository":[156],"affecting":[157],"almost":[158],"90%":[159],"all":[161],"only":[163,172],"two":[164],"steps":[165],"away.":[166],"Finally,":[167],"protecting":[171],"ten":[174],"important":[176],"contagion":[180],"nearly":[182],"40%.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}