{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403617527","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3664647.3685510","title":"PIP: Detecting Adversarial Examples in Large Vision-Language Models via Attention Patterns of Irrelevant Probe Questions","display_name":"PIP: Detecting Adversarial Examples in Large Vision-Language Models via Attention Patterns of Irrelevant Probe Questions","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403617527","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3664647.3685510"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3664647.3685510","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3664647.3685510","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3664647.3685510","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101732442","display_name":"Yudong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6049-603X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yudong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University &amp; Tencent, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6049-603X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University &amp; Tencent, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101577090","display_name":"Ruobing Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-5647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruobing Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tencent, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-5647","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tencent, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100668653","display_name":"Jiansheng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2040-7938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiansheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2040-7938","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039337290","display_name":"Xingwu Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}],"countries":["CN","MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingwu Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Macau &amp; Tencent, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3222-0901","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Macau &amp; Tencent, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498","https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100445061","display_name":"Yu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6108-5157"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6108-5157","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.778,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87584079,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"11175","last_page":"11183"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9855999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11242","display_name":"Nuclear Materials and Properties","score":0.9656000137329102,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.871050238609314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7843216061592102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6197569370269775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6019086837768555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5317334532737732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4413614273071289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.44069257378578186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4271838963031769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3251100778579712}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.871050238609314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7843216061592102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6197569370269775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6019086837768555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5317334532737732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4413614273071289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.44069257378578186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4271838963031769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3251100778579712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3664647.3685510","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3664647.3685510","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2409.05076","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2409.05076","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.05076","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3664647.3685510","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3664647.3685510","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3114819178","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023QNRC001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4450569846","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171313","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6979131135","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62376024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329777","display_name":"Beijing National Research Center For Information Science And Technology","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2087347434","https://openalex.org/W2180612164","https://openalex.org/W2561975083","https://openalex.org/W2618043096","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2966391112","https://openalex.org/W2999905431","https://openalex.org/W3102964708","https://openalex.org/W4283317927","https://openalex.org/W4304092585","https://openalex.org/W4387969689","https://openalex.org/W4388189238","https://openalex.org/W4390889737","https://openalex.org/W4393157467","https://openalex.org/W4400524868"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2502115930","https://openalex.org/W2482350142","https://openalex.org/W4246396837","https://openalex.org/W3126451824","https://openalex.org/W2537963312","https://openalex.org/W2066003895","https://openalex.org/W2537762514","https://openalex.org/W1561927205","https://openalex.org/W3191453585","https://openalex.org/W4297672492"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"Vision-Language":[1],"Models":[2],"(LVLMs)":[3],"have":[4],"demonstrated":[5],"their":[6],"powerful":[7],"multimodal":[8],"capabilities.":[9],"However,":[10],"they":[11],"also":[12],"face":[13],"serious":[14],"safety":[15],"problems,":[16],"as":[17],"adversaries":[18],"can":[19],"induce":[20],"robustness":[21],"issues":[22],"in":[23,35],"LVLMs":[24,33,55,174],"through":[25],"the":[26,77,101,119,125,166],"use":[27],"of":[28,38,80,100,118,133,160],"well-designed":[29],"adversarial":[30,42,94,134,171],"examples.":[31,98,135],"Therefore,":[32],"are":[34],"urgent":[36],"need":[37],"detection":[39,132],"tools":[40],"for":[41,60],"examples":[43,95],"to":[44,92,103,113,121,169],"prevent":[45],"incorrect":[46],"responses.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49],"work,":[50],"we":[51],"first":[52,167],"discover":[53],"that":[54],"exhibit":[56],"regular":[57],"attention":[58,78],"patterns":[59,79],"clean":[61,97],"images":[62],"when":[63],"presented":[64],"with":[65,147],"probe":[66,85,126,178],"questions.":[67],"We":[68],"propose":[69],"an":[70],"unconventional":[71],"method":[72],"named":[73],"PIP,":[74,145],"which":[75],"utilizes":[76],"one":[81,115],"randomly":[82],"selected":[83],"irrelevant":[84,177],"question":[86],"(e.g.,":[87],"\"Is":[88],"there":[89],"a":[90,148,158],"clock''')":[91],"distinguish":[93],"from":[96],"Regardless":[99],"image":[102,120],"be":[104,122],"tested":[105,123],"and":[106,124,128,140,157,185],"its":[107],"corresponding":[108],"question,":[109,127],"PIP":[110,164],"only":[111],"needs":[112],"perform":[114],"additional":[116],"inference":[117],"then":[129],"achieves":[130,152],"successful":[131],"Even":[136],"under":[137],"black-box":[138],"attacks":[139,172],"open":[141],"dataset":[142],"scenarios,":[143],"our":[144],"coupled":[146],"simple":[149,176],"SVM,":[150],"still":[151],"more":[153],"than":[154],"98%":[155],"recall":[156],"precision":[159],"over":[161],"90%.":[162],"Our":[163],"is":[165,191],"attempt":[168],"detect":[170],"on":[173,182],"via":[175],"questions,":[179],"shedding":[180],"light":[181],"deeper":[183],"understanding":[184],"introspection":[186],"within":[187],"LVLMs.":[188],"The":[189],"code":[190],"available":[192],"at":[193],"https://github.com/btzyd/pip.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2024-10-22T00:00:00"}
