{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399667964","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3661167.3661210","title":"Code Summarization without Direct Access to Code - Towards Exploring Federated LLMs for Software Engineering","display_name":"Code Summarization without Direct Access to Code - Towards Exploring Federated LLMs for Software Engineering","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399667964","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3661167.3661210"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3661167.3661210","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3661167.3661210","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080983274","display_name":"Jahnavi Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6772-9452"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109292","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtkxh20","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109292"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jahnavi Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research in Intelligent Software & Human Analytics Lab, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research in Intelligent Software & Human Analytics Lab, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109292"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042924610","display_name":"Sridhar Chimalakonda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0818-8178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109292","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtkxh20","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109292"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sridhar Chimalakonda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research in Intelligent Software & Human Analytics Lab, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research in Intelligent Software & Human Analytics Lab, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109292"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080983274"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109292"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.6137,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97152756,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"100","last_page":"109"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-summarization","display_name":"Automatic summarization","score":0.7540314793586731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7244750261306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.6063429713249207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.439167320728302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4345494210720062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3843281865119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.1203928291797638}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170858558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394144","display_name":"Automatic summarization","level":2,"score":0.7540314793586731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7244750261306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.6063429713249207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.439167320728302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4345494210720062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3843281865119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.1203928291797638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3661167.3661210","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3661167.3661210","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1593271688","https://openalex.org/W1979836673","https://openalex.org/W1997322537","https://openalex.org/W2125886624","https://openalex.org/W2133068784","https://openalex.org/W2488653541","https://openalex.org/W2600463316","https://openalex.org/W2767079719","https://openalex.org/W2901543039","https://openalex.org/W2913570153","https://openalex.org/W2937623200","https://openalex.org/W2970825779","https://openalex.org/W2991900764","https://openalex.org/W3011632945","https://openalex.org/W3038022836","https://openalex.org/W3038028469","https://openalex.org/W3086809868","https://openalex.org/W3103802018","https://openalex.org/W3123295911","https://openalex.org/W3123459983","https://openalex.org/W3159616622","https://openalex.org/W3161997752","https://openalex.org/W4214548153","https://openalex.org/W4221162678","https://openalex.org/W4224308101","https://openalex.org/W4284667247","https://openalex.org/W4284696121","https://openalex.org/W4284697810","https://openalex.org/W4288055447","https://openalex.org/W4288075785","https://openalex.org/W4292779060","https://openalex.org/W4308641583","https://openalex.org/W4308641647","https://openalex.org/W4308641648","https://openalex.org/W4308648328","https://openalex.org/W4312438588","https://openalex.org/W4312994886","https://openalex.org/W4313547549","https://openalex.org/W4318464200","https://openalex.org/W4322766882","https://openalex.org/W4367059011","https://openalex.org/W4378676756","https://openalex.org/W4380568688","https://openalex.org/W4384345745","https://openalex.org/W4387250125","https://openalex.org/W4388212670","https://openalex.org/W4392904059","https://openalex.org/W6759238902","https://openalex.org/W6778883912","https://openalex.org/W6810081322","https://openalex.org/W6811216112"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2366403280","https://openalex.org/W1495108544","https://openalex.org/W2091301346","https://openalex.org/W3148229873","https://openalex.org/W4389760904","https://openalex.org/W2150160875","https://openalex.org/W4242223894","https://openalex.org/W4306886878","https://openalex.org/W1517524280","https://openalex.org/W4323520239"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Software":[0],"Engineering":[1],"(SE)":[2],"researchers":[3],"are":[4],"extensively":[5],"applying":[6,69],"Large":[7],"Language":[8],"Models":[9],"(LLMs)":[10],"to":[11,32],"address":[12],"challenges":[13],"in":[14,97,129],"SE":[15,48,81,155],"tasks":[16],"such":[17],"as":[18,92,139,141],"code":[19,22,119],"clone":[20],"detection,":[21],"summarization,":[23],"and":[24,35,50,106],"program":[25],"comprehension.":[26],"Despite":[27],"promising":[28],"results,":[29],"LLMs":[30,54,79],"have":[31],"be":[33,157],"fine-tuned":[34],"customized":[36],"with":[37,78,110],"specific":[38],"datasets":[39],"for":[40,73,80,89,118,154],"optimal":[41],"performance.":[42],"However,":[43],"the":[44,51],"proprietary":[45],"nature":[46],"of":[47,53,76],"data,":[49],"lack":[52],"trained":[55],"on":[56,68,125],"non-open":[57,149],"source":[58,150],"data":[59,151],"is":[60,82,138],"an":[61,130,158],"open":[62],"problem.":[63],"While":[64],"there":[65],"exists":[66],"work":[67],"Federated":[70],"Learning":[71],"(FL)":[72],"SE,":[74],"integration":[75],"FL":[77],"unexplored.":[83],"Hence,":[84],"we":[85],"propose":[86],"a":[87,102,142],"FedLLM":[88,153],"\u201ccode":[90],"summarization\u201d":[91],"developers":[93],"spend":[94],"more":[95],"time":[96],"comprehending":[98],"code.":[99],"We":[100,121,145],"setup":[101],"federated":[103],"learning":[104],"architecture":[105],"fine-tune":[107],"LLM":[108,137],"(Llama2":[109],"6.7B":[111],"parameters)":[112],"using":[113,152],"Parameter":[114],"Efficient":[115],"Fine-Tuning":[116],"(PEFT)":[117],"summarization.":[120],"conducted":[122],"our":[123],"experiments":[124],"40GB":[126],"RAM":[127],"GPU":[128],"A100":[131],"architecture.":[132],"Results":[133],"show":[134],"that":[135,147],"FL-trained":[136],"effective":[140],"centrally-trained":[143],"one.":[144],"envision":[146],"leveraging":[148],"could":[156],"interesting":[159],"research":[160],"direction.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-28T08:17:26.163206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}