{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400122635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3660637","title":"The Influence that the Complexity of the Three-Dimensional Eye Model Used to Generate Simulated Eye-tracking Data Has on the Gaze Estimation Errors Achieved Using the Data","display_name":"The Influence that the Complexity of the Three-Dimensional Eye Model Used to Generate Simulated Eye-tracking Data Has on the Gaze Estimation Errors Achieved Using the Data","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400122635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3660637"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3660637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3660637","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3660637","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32453091","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Applied Perception","issn_l":"1544-3558","issn":["1544-3558","1544-3965"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Applied Perception","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3660637","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067306743","display_name":"J Fischer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5634-6428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joshua David Fischer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5634-6428","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054777418","display_name":"Johan van der Merwe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3579-654X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johan van der Merwe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3579-654X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029828358","display_name":"David Vandenheever","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9540-6016"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Vandenheever","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neural Engineering Research Division, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9540-6016","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neural Engineering Research Division, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067306743"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09032258,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"16"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9742000102996826,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.8379690051078796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaze","display_name":"Gaze","score":0.7852765917778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6761910915374756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6674883365631104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6289860010147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.564866304397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.4863479733467102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-movement","display_name":"Eye movement","score":0.45668211579322815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.16431009769439697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10113570094108582}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.8379690051078796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779916870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14467155","display_name":"Gaze","level":2,"score":0.7852765917778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6761910915374756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6674883365631104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6289860010147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.564866304397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.4863479733467102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153050134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760256","display_name":"Eye movement","level":2,"score":0.45668211579322815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.16431009769439697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10113570094108582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3660637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3660637","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3660637","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32453091","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Applied Perception","issn_l":"1544-3558","issn":["1544-3558","1544-3965"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Applied Perception","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3660637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3660637","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3660637","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32453091","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Applied Perception","issn_l":"1544-3558","issn":["1544-3558","1544-3965"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Applied Perception","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320672","display_name":"South African Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05q60vz69"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400122635.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9266095","https://openalex.org/W910790939","https://openalex.org/W1769933788","https://openalex.org/W1964449790","https://openalex.org/W1971002351","https://openalex.org/W1981961051","https://openalex.org/W1993212419","https://openalex.org/W2025844337","https://openalex.org/W2030484260","https://openalex.org/W2037458665","https://openalex.org/W2041191610","https://openalex.org/W2072439191","https://openalex.org/W2082490348","https://openalex.org/W2085790719","https://openalex.org/W2096347983","https://openalex.org/W2109088621","https://openalex.org/W2122806117","https://openalex.org/W2158363907","https://openalex.org/W2161356956","https://openalex.org/W2161695193","https://openalex.org/W2235775875","https://openalex.org/W2252554715","https://openalex.org/W2284672006","https://openalex.org/W2296921950","https://openalex.org/W2299591120","https://openalex.org/W2358573252","https://openalex.org/W2470569826","https://openalex.org/W2549316618","https://openalex.org/W2568035134","https://openalex.org/W2743391672","https://openalex.org/W2899507830","https://openalex.org/W2941240724","https://openalex.org/W2955463147","https://openalex.org/W3000532845","https://openalex.org/W3033221658","https://openalex.org/W3080349177","https://openalex.org/W3201492223","https://openalex.org/W4290883820","https://openalex.org/W4387781332"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4384434815","https://openalex.org/W2161294397","https://openalex.org/W2012644758","https://openalex.org/W1701036363","https://openalex.org/W2958385752","https://openalex.org/W1561131412","https://openalex.org/W1981014703","https://openalex.org/W4206950173","https://openalex.org/W2186236678","https://openalex.org/W2113629050"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Simulated":[0],"eye-tracking":[1,11,49,62,118],"data":[2,17,50,133],"are":[3],"an":[4,111],"integral":[5],"tool":[6],"in":[7,19,66],"the":[8,15,39,45,81,84,104,129,146,150],"development":[9],"of":[10,14,41,47,58,83,96,131,149],"methods.":[12],"Most":[13],"simulated":[16,48,68,75,94,132,155],"used":[18],"eye-tracking-related":[20],"research":[21],"has":[22],"been":[23],"generated":[24],"using":[25,70],"low-complexity":[26],"eye":[27,141,151,161],"models":[28,108],"that":[29,87,109,143],"include":[30],"a":[31,67,122,139,159],"single":[32],"spherical":[33],"corneal":[34,113,124],"surface.":[35],"This":[36],"study":[37],"investigated":[38],"influence":[40],"eye-model":[42,72,105],"complexity":[43],"on":[44],"ability":[46,130],"to":[51,134,158],"predict":[52],"real-world":[53,91,136],"outcomes.":[54,92,137],"The":[55,74,93],"experimental":[56,117],"procedures":[57],"two":[59],"pertinent":[60],"comparative":[61,85,98],"studies":[63,86,99],"were":[64,77,88,100],"replicated":[65,116],"environment":[69],"various":[71],"complexities.":[73],"outcomes":[76,95,156],"then":[78],"evaluated":[79],"against":[80],"findings":[82],"derived":[89],"from":[90],"both":[97],"significantly":[101],"influenced":[102],"by":[103],"complexity.":[106],"Eye":[107],"included":[110],"aspheric":[112],"surface":[114,125],"best":[115],"outcomes,":[119],"while":[120],"including":[121],"posterior":[123],"did":[126,152],"not":[127,153],"improve":[128,154],"replicate":[135],"Using":[138],"wide-angle":[140],"model":[142],"accurately":[144],"replicates":[145],"peripheral":[147],"optics":[148],"relative":[157],"paraxial":[160],"model.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
