{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405181103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3658644.3690288","title":"Image-Perfect Imperfections: Safety, Bias, and Authenticity in the Shadow of Text-To-Image Model Evolution","display_name":"Image-Perfect Imperfections: Safety, Bias, and Authenticity in the Shadow of Text-To-Image Model Evolution","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405181103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3658644.3690288"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3658644.3690288","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3658644.3690288","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3658644.3690288","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2024 on ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3658644.3690288","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102863764","display_name":"Yixin Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3000-9423"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128801","display_name":"Helmholtz Center for Information Security","ror":"https://ror.org/02njgxr09","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210128801"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yixin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128801"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001294734","display_name":"Yun Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5215-2976"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Netapp, Bristol, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Netapp, Bristol, United Kingdom","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102730269","display_name":"Michael Backes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7130-9211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128801","display_name":"Helmholtz Center for Information Security","ror":"https://ror.org/02njgxr09","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210128801"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Backes","raw_affiliation_strings":["CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128801"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030605497","display_name":"Yang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3612-7348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128801","display_name":"Helmholtz Center for Information Security","ror":"https://ror.org/02njgxr09","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210128801"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128801"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102863764"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128801"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7339,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73452397,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4837","last_page":"4851"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shadow","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","score":0.8196578025817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.629946231842041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.6125321984291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race","display_name":"Race (biology)","score":0.5429009199142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4892392158508301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"Image quality","score":0.472919762134552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4702901840209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white","display_name":"White (mutation)","score":0.4142664968967438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.29239457845687866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.0894385278224945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117797892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286363","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.8196578025817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.629946231842041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6125321984291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5429009199142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4892392158508301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.472919762134552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4702901840209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56273599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3122841","display_name":"White (mutation)","level":3,"score":0.4142664968967438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.29239457845687866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0894385278224945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3658644.3690288","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3658644.3690288","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3658644.3690288","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2024 on ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3658644.3690288","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3658644.3690288","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3658644.3690288","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2024 on ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4952866186","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16KISAO29K","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G872089326","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101057917","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","funder_display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01wk3d929"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405181103.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405181103.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W569478347","https://openalex.org/W1842333900","https://openalex.org/W1889081078","https://openalex.org/W2009994177","https://openalex.org/W2161923363","https://openalex.org/W2185175083","https://openalex.org/W2800106282","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2913399670","https://openalex.org/W2962785568","https://openalex.org/W2963112378","https://openalex.org/W3019200173","https://openalex.org/W3029264758","https://openalex.org/W3043190566","https://openalex.org/W3045755384","https://openalex.org/W3094502228","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3110257065","https://openalex.org/W3120485916","https://openalex.org/W3123816425","https://openalex.org/W3125803510","https://openalex.org/W3135367836","https://openalex.org/W3143336910","https://openalex.org/W3158599914","https://openalex.org/W3162926177","https://openalex.org/W3172141633","https://openalex.org/W3181414820","https://openalex.org/W3187526215","https://openalex.org/W3203737321","https://openalex.org/W4206097581","https://openalex.org/W4213437527","https://openalex.org/W4221045317","https://openalex.org/W4221145068","https://openalex.org/W4224035735","https://openalex.org/W4226317937","https://openalex.org/W4252396996","https://openalex.org/W4283172096","https://openalex.org/W4287029626","https://openalex.org/W4289785095","https://openalex.org/W4293342478","https://openalex.org/W4306820534","https://openalex.org/W4307479129","https://openalex.org/W4308760204","https://openalex.org/W4321648662","https://openalex.org/W4327526390","https://openalex.org/W4353113081","https://openalex.org/W4362706540","https://openalex.org/W4375869427","https://openalex.org/W4378506885","https://openalex.org/W4379959055","https://openalex.org/W4383472654","https://openalex.org/W4385965225","https://openalex.org/W4386721882","https://openalex.org/W4387964003","https://openalex.org/W4388184223","https://openalex.org/W4392956684","https://openalex.org/W4403680681","https://openalex.org/W6687483927","https://openalex.org/W6779823529","https://openalex.org/W6790978476","https://openalex.org/W6845894799","https://openalex.org/W6856300368"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2492471733","https://openalex.org/W2893218741","https://openalex.org/W4395679069","https://openalex.org/W4392589133","https://openalex.org/W2558319350","https://openalex.org/W3013012681","https://openalex.org/W1492594177","https://openalex.org/W1842742976","https://openalex.org/W4403657938","https://openalex.org/W2803235238"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Text-to-image":[0],"models,":[1],"such":[2,17],"as":[3,18],"Stable":[4,68],"Diffusion":[5],"(SD),":[6],"undergo":[7],"iterative":[8],"updates":[9,31,73,79],"to":[10,26,152,193],"improve":[11],"image":[12,22,143],"quality":[13,23],"and":[14,35,62,196],"address":[15],"concerns":[16,34],"safety.":[19],"Improvements":[20],"in":[21,49,91,198],"are":[24],"straightforward":[25],"assess.":[27],"However,":[28],"how":[29],"model":[30,72],"resolve":[32],"existing":[33],"whether":[36],"they":[37],"raise":[38],"new":[39,135],"questions":[40],"remain":[41],"unexplored.":[42],"This":[43],"study":[44],"takes":[45],"an":[46],"initial":[47],"step":[48],"investigating":[50],"the":[51,57,82,87,103,126,188],"evolution":[52],"of":[53,59,84,122,190],"text-to-image":[54,200],"models":[55],"from":[56,138],"perspectives":[58],"safety,":[60],"bias,":[61],"authenticity.":[63],"Our":[64,185],"findings,":[65],"centered":[66],"on":[67,166],"Diffusion,":[69],"indicate":[70],"that":[71,97,162],"paint":[74],"a":[75,134],"mixed":[76],"picture.":[77],"While":[78],"progressively":[80],"reduce":[81],"generation":[83],"unsafe":[85],"images,":[86],"bias":[88],"issue,":[89],"particularly":[90],"gender,":[92],"intensifies.":[93],"We":[94,160],"also":[95],"find":[96],"negative":[98],"stereotypes":[99],"either":[100],"persist":[101],"within":[102],"same":[104],"Non-White":[105,112],"race":[106,113,128],"group":[107],"or":[108],"shift":[109],"towards":[110],"other":[111],"groups":[114],"through":[115],"SD":[116,139,149,180],"updates,":[117],"yet":[118],"with":[119,125],"minimal":[120],"association":[121],"these":[123,164],"traits":[124],"White":[127],"group.":[129],"Additionally,":[130],"our":[131],"evaluation":[132],"reveals":[133],"concern":[136],"stemming":[137],"updates:":[140],"State-of-the-art":[141],"fake":[142,154,167],"detectors,":[144],"initially":[145],"trained":[146],"for":[147],"earlier":[148],"versions,":[150,181],"struggle":[151],"identify":[153],"images":[155,168],"generated":[156,169],"by":[157,170],"updated":[158,171],"versions.":[159],"show":[161],"fine-tuning":[163],"detectors":[165],"versions":[172],"achieves":[173],"at":[174],"least":[175],"96.6%":[176],"accuracy":[177],"across":[178],"various":[179],"addressing":[182],"this":[183],"issue.":[184],"insights":[186],"highlight":[187],"importance":[189],"continued":[191],"efforts":[192],"mitigate":[194],"biases":[195],"vulnerabilities":[197],"evolving":[199],"models.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}