{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400643377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3657604.3664707","title":"Leveraging Past Assignments to Determine If Students Are Using ChatGPT for Their Essays","display_name":"Leveraging Past Assignments to Determine If Students Are Using ChatGPT for Their Essays","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400643377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3657604.3664707"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3657604.3664707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3657604.3664707","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Eleventh ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3657604.3664707","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069459679","display_name":"Yuhui Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8976-2041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuhui Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8976-2041","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089304667","display_name":"Changyun Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8179-7421"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunhao Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8179-7421","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002296599","display_name":"Rohit Sridhar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5239-5698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rohit Sridhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5239-5698","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026119563","display_name":"Christopher Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0116-634X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0116-634X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045801671","display_name":"Thad\ufeff Starner\ufeff\ufeff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8442-7842"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thad Starner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8442-7842","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069459679"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9934,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7953006,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"320","last_page":"324"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.982200026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11492","display_name":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","score":0.9815999865531921,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5901062488555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.41355764865875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.20078763365745544}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5901062488555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.41355764865875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.20078763365745544}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3657604.3664707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3657604.3664707","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Eleventh ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3657604.3664707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3657604.3664707","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Eleventh ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513211366","https://openalex.org/W1606247040","https://openalex.org/W1979607625","https://openalex.org/W2000016398","https://openalex.org/W2014271227","https://openalex.org/W2017071524","https://openalex.org/W2055699824","https://openalex.org/W2560674852","https://openalex.org/W3084211362","https://openalex.org/W3121596465","https://openalex.org/W4214927078","https://openalex.org/W4286628214","https://openalex.org/W4317914666","https://openalex.org/W4321605350","https://openalex.org/W4362515116","https://openalex.org/W4366422585","https://openalex.org/W4376139682","https://openalex.org/W4385188787","https://openalex.org/W4388034851","https://openalex.org/W4388817079","https://openalex.org/W4390315357","https://openalex.org/W4394629133"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"proliferation":[1],"of":[2,41,122],"powerful":[3],"large":[4],"language":[5],"models":[6],"with":[7],"human-like":[8],"abilities,":[9],"like":[10],"ChatGPT,":[11,42],"pose":[12],"serious":[13],"challenges":[14],"for":[15,58,67],"educators":[16],"to":[17,51,54,107],"enforce":[18],"academic":[19],"integrity":[20],"policies.":[21],"To":[22],"address":[23],"this":[24,116],"problem,":[25],"we":[26,118],"propose":[27],"a":[28],"novel":[29],"approach":[30],"that":[31],"uses":[32],"past":[33],"students'":[34],"essay":[35,46],"submissions":[36,125],"dated":[37],"before":[38],"the":[39,68,84],"popularization":[40],"and":[43,75,101],"ChatGPT":[44,56,76,112,127],"generated":[45,77,113],"responses":[47],"as":[48],"ground":[49,85],"truth":[50,86],"train":[52],"classifiers":[53],"detect":[55],"usage":[57],"current":[59,123],"student":[60,72,124],"submissions.":[61],"Our":[62],"case":[63],"study":[64],"found":[65],"that,":[66],"same":[69],"question":[70],"prompt,":[71],"written":[73],"answers":[74,78],"are":[79,126],"very":[80,89],"different.":[81],"Testing":[82],"on":[83],"data":[87],"shows":[88],"simple":[90],"machine":[91],"learning":[92],"methods,":[93],"including":[94],"multinomial":[95],"naive":[96],"Bayes,":[97],"linear":[98],"discriminant":[99],"analysis,":[100],"logistic":[102],"regression,":[103],"can":[104],"achieve":[105],"close":[106],"perfect":[108],"accuracies":[109],"in":[110],"detecting":[111],"responses.":[114],"Using":[115],"approach,":[117],"suspect":[119],"around":[120],"7%":[121],"generated.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
