{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399255166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3657054.3661165","title":"Governance in the Blockchain Era: The Smart Social Contract","display_name":"Governance in the Blockchain Era: The Smart Social Contract","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399255166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3657054.3661165"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3657054.3661165","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3657054.3661165","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071312740","display_name":"Cristina Carata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8878-7917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cristina Carata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imperial College London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imperial College London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050119476","display_name":"William J. Knottenbelt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8490-1011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Knottenbelt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imperial College London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imperial College London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098971568","display_name":"Vali Malinoiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7981-2904"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vali Malinoiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Humans.ai, Romania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Humans.ai, Romania","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071312740"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4369,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93047601,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"104","last_page":"115"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.9330999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.9196000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-contract","display_name":"Smart contract","score":0.8464512228965759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.7875986099243164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-contract","display_name":"Social contract","score":0.7300068736076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptocurrency","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","score":0.5736016631126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"Corporate governance","score":0.5346162915229797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.5118974447250366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.48182573914527893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.45948705077171326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-change","display_name":"Language change","score":0.4536924958229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obligation","display_name":"Obligation","score":0.4426715672016144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.4131779074668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-and-economics","display_name":"Law and economics","score":0.363369345664978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.278755247592926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2513861358165741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.22087997198104858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.19279170036315918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.1626352071762085}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779950589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7544035","display_name":"Smart contract","level":3,"score":0.8464512228965759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.7875986099243164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54726253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1326430","display_name":"Social contract","level":3,"score":0.7300068736076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180706569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13479982","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","level":2,"score":0.5736016631126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.5346162915229797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5118974447250366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.48182573914527893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.45948705077171326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780027415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524648","display_name":"Language change","level":2,"score":0.4536924958229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778447849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2648051","display_name":"Obligation","level":2,"score":0.4426715672016144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.4131779074668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.363369345664978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.278755247592926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2513861358165741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.22087997198104858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.19279170036315918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.1626352071762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3657054.3661165","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3657054.3661165","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W770924978","https://openalex.org/W2073338532","https://openalex.org/W2100550434","https://openalex.org/W2132673748","https://openalex.org/W2790046045","https://openalex.org/W2799877008","https://openalex.org/W2894955077","https://openalex.org/W2980194287","https://openalex.org/W3013232537","https://openalex.org/W3034103984","https://openalex.org/W3186165460","https://openalex.org/W3198867935","https://openalex.org/W3198946543","https://openalex.org/W3200259039","https://openalex.org/W4205929102","https://openalex.org/W4231469396","https://openalex.org/W4281854821","https://openalex.org/W4289816662","https://openalex.org/W4385445965","https://openalex.org/W6614942563","https://openalex.org/W6633895512","https://openalex.org/W7026867414"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4303984095","https://openalex.org/W4297798448","https://openalex.org/W4388187043","https://openalex.org/W4396713893","https://openalex.org/W4285161539","https://openalex.org/W2982625131","https://openalex.org/W4396636834","https://openalex.org/W3092627261","https://openalex.org/W4396241386","https://openalex.org/W4399333949"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"the":[1,10,38,64,69,78,85,102,106,126,138,154,166,181,190,192,215,223,230],"emergence":[2,127],"of":[3,26,33,122,128,132,165,183,187,189,206,219,225,232],"bitcoin,":[4],"14":[5],"years":[6],"ago,":[7],"cryptocurrencies":[8],"and":[9,59,73,84,97,108,119,202],"blockchain":[11,34,98,158],"technology":[12,35,99],"that":[13,67,168,214],"underpins":[14],"these":[15],"virtual":[16],"currencies":[17],"have":[18,77],"experienced":[19],"a":[20,24,113,129,169,173,204,207,236],"rapid":[21],"growth,":[22],"with":[23,153],"plethora":[25],"applications":[27,32,76],"emerging.":[28],"While":[29],"most":[30],"popular":[31],"are":[36,196],"in":[37,111,157,211],"business":[39],"field,":[40],"its":[41,109],"main":[42],"features":[43],"\u2013":[44,51],"such":[45,62,112,228],"as":[46,63,115,229],"decentralization":[47],"or":[48],"enhanced":[49],"security":[50],"make":[52],"it":[53],"suitable":[54],"to":[55,80,92,116,146],"redesign":[56],"social,":[57],"cultural":[58],"political":[60],"realities":[61],"social":[65,82,86,103,133,140,151,209],"contract":[66,87,104,134,152,210,216],"regulates":[68],"relationship":[70],"between":[71,105],"states":[72],"citizens.":[74],"Blockchain-based":[75],"potential":[79],"change":[81],"values":[83],"itself.":[88],"This":[89,142],"paper":[90],"aims":[91],"discover":[93],"if":[94],"smart":[95,139,208],"contracts":[96],"can":[100],"bind":[101],"state":[107],"citizens":[110],"way":[114],"reduce":[117],"corruption":[118],"increase":[120],"efficiency":[121],"service":[123],"delivery.":[124],"Further,":[125],"new":[130,143],"type":[131],"will":[135],"be":[136],"investigated:":[137],"contract.":[141],"concept":[144],"aspires":[145],"enhance":[147],"Jean":[148],"Jacques":[149],"Rousseau's":[150],"benefits":[155],"inherent":[156],"technology.":[159],"It":[160],"involves":[161],"an":[162,233],"automatic":[163,220],"execution":[164,221],"obligations":[167],"government":[170,238],"assumes":[171],"through":[172],"certain":[174],"program,":[175],"determined":[176],"by":[177,179,235],"consensus":[178],"all":[180],"members":[182],"society.":[184],"In":[185],"case":[186],"non-fulfillment":[188],"obligations,":[191],"persons":[193],"/institutions":[194],"responsible":[195],"sanctioned":[197],"appropriate":[198],"penalties.":[199],"We":[200],"implement":[201],"evaluate":[203],"prototype":[205],"Solidity,":[212],"finding":[213],"is":[217],"capable":[218],"upon":[222],"achievement":[224],"predetermined":[226],"conditions,":[227],"fulfillment":[231],"obligation":[234],"local":[237],"official.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}