{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399347755","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3655693.3655700","title":"Analysis of Security Mechanisms of Dark Web Markets","display_name":"Analysis of Security Mechanisms of Dark Web Markets","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399347755","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3655693.3655700"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3655693.3655700","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3655693.3655700","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3655693.3655700","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Interdisciplinary Cybersecurity Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3655693.3655700","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100363939","display_name":"Yichao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4633-3690"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","display_name":"University of Kent","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkeyj56","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yichao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Kent, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kent, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025663670","display_name":"Budi Arief","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1830-1587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","display_name":"University of Kent","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkeyj56","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Budi Arief","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Kent, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kent, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059422128","display_name":"Julio Hern\u00e1ndez-Castro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6432-5328"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88060688","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03n6nwv02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julio Hernandez-Castro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100363939"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.041,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9234924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"120","last_page":"127"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competitor-analysis","display_name":"Competitor analysis","score":0.642008900642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-application-security","display_name":"Web application security","score":0.5618945360183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5339093804359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47130072116851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4549330472946167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.45110052824020386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.40525978803634644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-service","display_name":"Web service","score":0.3191400170326233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-development","display_name":"Web development","score":0.29157957434654236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.07959437370300293}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127576917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q624630","display_name":"Competitor analysis","level":2,"score":0.642008900642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59241245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781497","display_name":"Web application security","level":4,"score":0.5618945360183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5339093804359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47130072116851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4549330472946167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.45110052824020386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.40525978803634644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35578498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193424","display_name":"Web service","level":2,"score":0.3191400170326233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79373723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386275","display_name":"Web development","level":3,"score":0.29157957434654236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.07959437370300293}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3655693.3655700","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3655693.3655700","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3655693.3655700","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Interdisciplinary Cybersecurity Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kar.kent.ac.uk:105237","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3655693.3655700>)","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196264","display_name":"Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","host_organization_name":"University of Kent","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3655693.3655700","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3655693.3655700","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3655693.3655700","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Interdisciplinary Cybersecurity Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.699999988079071}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1632124950","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101021801","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4818466683","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101021801","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4937468798","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7231943246","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020 Programme","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8051717526","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8318064016","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8527692473","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/S018964/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8826631963","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020 Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399347755.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2113341218","https://openalex.org/W2414473591","https://openalex.org/W2891270452","https://openalex.org/W2928640310","https://openalex.org/W2990574514","https://openalex.org/W3011893736","https://openalex.org/W3094434138","https://openalex.org/W3095252069","https://openalex.org/W3125698265","https://openalex.org/W3211873429","https://openalex.org/W4283645137","https://openalex.org/W4285414303","https://openalex.org/W4293113895","https://openalex.org/W4293637527","https://openalex.org/W4311609954","https://openalex.org/W4323240432","https://openalex.org/W4378554371","https://openalex.org/W4379528892","https://openalex.org/W4385692400"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2156201195","https://openalex.org/W2613374639","https://openalex.org/W2187625726","https://openalex.org/W2371044121","https://openalex.org/W1967778478","https://openalex.org/W2045248154","https://openalex.org/W4313139008","https://openalex.org/W99446231","https://openalex.org/W186778346","https://openalex.org/W2027150799"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0,92],"the":[1,4,13,22,32,36,59,75,112,131,164,173,222,301,305,314,316,326,334,339,371],"name":[2],"implies,":[3],"dark":[5,37,98,118,137,178,205,249,340],"web":[6,38,99,119,138,179,206,250,252,341],"market":[7,15,302,317],"\u2013":[8,16,53,64,143,155],"also":[9,66,83],"commonly":[10],"known":[11],"as":[12,27,210],"anonymous":[14],"has":[17,43,114],"put":[18],"measures":[19],"for":[20,54,219],"protecting":[21],"privacy":[23],"of":[24,35,61,176,229,244,296,321,338,373],"its":[25],"users":[26],"a":[28,127,148,186,227,274],"key":[29],"priority.":[30],"With":[31,47],"rapid":[33],"growth":[34],"market,":[39,221],"competition":[40],"between":[41,51,232],"markets":[42,100,120,180,342,356],"become":[44,67],"more":[45,68,357],"intense.":[46],"this,":[48],"malicious":[49],"attacks":[50,71],"competitors":[52],"instance,":[55],"aimed":[56],"at":[57],"reducing":[58],"availability":[60,77],"competitors\u2019":[62],"services":[63],"have":[65],"common.":[69],"These":[70],"not":[72],"only":[73],"affect":[74,313],"services\u2019":[76],"and":[78,87,108,116,200,234,254,273,289,328,336],"accessibility,":[79,260],"but":[80],"they":[81],"may":[82,101,156,303,312,364],"cause":[84],"some":[85],"personal":[86],"private":[88],"information":[89,211],"being":[90],"leaked.":[91],"such,":[93],"it":[94],"is":[95,125,145],"understandable":[96],"that":[97],"implement":[102],"security":[103,132,161,174,245,253,258,277,297,329],"mechanisms":[104,133,175,246,298],"to":[105,171,184,332,350,369],"protect":[106],"themselves":[107],"their":[109,190],"users.":[110],"Although":[111,213],"literature":[113],"analysed":[115],"described":[117],"from":[121,361],"multiple":[122],"perspectives,":[123],"there":[124,239],"still":[126],"gap":[128],"in":[129,151,167,182,202,248,310,345,376],"understanding":[130],"implemented":[134],"by":[135,159,300,354],"different":[136,294],"markets.":[139],"Furthermore,":[140],"data":[141,198,214,223,374],"collection":[142,199,215,375],"which":[144,309,344],"often":[146],"considered":[147],"common":[149],"challenge":[150],"this":[152,168,194,322,362,377],"research":[153,330],"area":[154],"be":[157,348],"hindered":[158],"these":[160,355],"mechanisms.":[162],"Therefore,":[163],"study":[165,323,363],"presented":[166],"paper":[169],"aims":[170],"investigate":[172],"various":[177],"systematically,":[181],"order":[183],"shed":[185],"better":[187],"light":[188],"on":[189,367],"operation.":[191],"To":[192],"achieve":[193],"aim,":[195],"we":[196],"performed":[197],"experiments":[201],"twelve":[203],"existing":[204],"markets,":[207],"using":[208],"them":[209],"sources.":[212],"practices":[216],"slightly":[217],"vary":[218],"each":[220],"was":[224],"collected":[225],"over":[226],"span":[228],"four":[230],"months":[231],"May":[233],"August":[235],"2023.":[236],"We":[237],"found":[238],"are":[240],"two":[241],"main":[242],"groups":[243],"used":[247,299,349],"markets:":[251],"account":[255,290],"security.":[256],"Web":[257],"contains":[259,278],"waiting":[261],"queue,":[262],"anti-phishing,":[263],"CAPTCHAs,":[264],"secret":[265],"phrase,":[266],"warrant":[267],"canary,":[268],"bug":[269],"bounty,":[270],"rate":[271],"limiting":[272],"toolset.":[275],"Account":[276],"username":[279],"requirement,":[280,284],"password":[281],"&":[282],"PIN":[283],"mnemonic,":[285],"multi-factor":[286],"authentication":[287],"(MFA)":[288],"kill-switch.":[291],"In":[292],"conclusion,":[293],"types":[295],"reflect":[304],"operator\u2019s":[306],"business":[307],"philosophy,":[308],"turn":[311,346],"way":[315],"operates.":[318],"The":[319],"results":[320],"can":[324,347],"help":[325],"academic":[327],"communities":[331],"understand":[333],"operation":[335],"evolution":[337],"better,":[343],"combat":[351],"crimes":[352],"facilitated":[353],"effectively.":[358],"Additionally,":[359],"findings":[360],"provide":[365],"clues":[366],"how":[368],"improve":[370],"efficiency":[372],"environment.":[378]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
