{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399796689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3652561.3652564","title":"Heron: Modern Hardware Graph Reduction","display_name":"Heron: Modern Hardware Graph Reduction","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399796689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3652561.3652564"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3652561.3652564","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3652561.3652564","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 35th Symposium on Implementation and Application of Functional Languages","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3652561.3652564","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050723279","display_name":"Craig Ramsay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8198-0746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32062511","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mghma93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Craig Ramsay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8198-0746","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002171794","display_name":"Robert Stewart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0365-693X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32062511","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mghma93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Stewart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Heriot Watt University, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0365-693X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Heriot Watt University, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5767,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66463878,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heron","display_name":"Heron","score":0.8127332329750061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6354855298995972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.6193817853927612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-reduction","display_name":"Graph reduction","score":0.53177809715271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4701763689517975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3336228132247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.25817620754241943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.16159257292747498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15664368867874146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paleontology","display_name":"Paleontology","score":0.08780175447463989}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778241727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18789","display_name":"Heron","level":2,"score":0.8127332329750061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6354855298995972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6193817853927612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97042676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5597097","display_name":"Graph reduction","level":3,"score":0.53177809715271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4701763689517975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3336228132247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.25817620754241943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.16159257292747498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15664368867874146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.08780175447463989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42383842","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193076","display_name":"Functional programming","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3652561.3652564","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3652561.3652564","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 35th Symposium on Implementation and Application of Functional Languages","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3652561.3652564","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3652561.3652564","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 35th Symposium on Implementation and Application of Functional Languages","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2095621310","https://openalex.org/W2098394034","https://openalex.org/W2130363716","https://openalex.org/W2160667911","https://openalex.org/W2184799168","https://openalex.org/W4255842521","https://openalex.org/W4294845020","https://openalex.org/W4321637198","https://openalex.org/W6906645244","https://openalex.org/W6925584977"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2808678414","https://openalex.org/W2317350564","https://openalex.org/W3031516786","https://openalex.org/W2094190051","https://openalex.org/W4251763581","https://openalex.org/W2770410918","https://openalex.org/W1511068207","https://openalex.org/W4242223307","https://openalex.org/W4384785625","https://openalex.org/W2088104192"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"FPGAs":[0],"have":[1],"enjoyed":[2],"exponential":[3],"growth":[4],"of":[5,15,87,116],"on-chip":[6],"hardware":[7,13],"resources":[8],"\u2014":[9],"reason":[10],"to":[11,55],"reinvestigate":[12],"implementations":[14],"functional":[16,31],"languages.":[17,32],"This":[18],"paper":[19],"presents":[20],"Heron,":[21],"an":[22,94],"FPGA-based":[23],"special":[24],"purpose":[25],"processor":[26],"core":[27,49,72,106],"for":[28,76,85,111,129],"pure,":[29],"non-strict":[30],"We":[33],"co-design":[34],"its":[35,66],"language":[36],"semantics":[37],"and":[38,90],"parametrised":[39],"design,":[40],"gaining":[41],"a":[42,68,77,108],"high":[43],"reductions-per-cycle":[44],"performance":[45],"metric.":[46],"The":[47,114],"Heron":[48,71,105],"is":[50,91,107],"energy":[51],"efficient,":[52],"performing":[53],"up":[54],"six":[56],"times":[57],"as":[58,63],"many":[59],"reductions":[60],"per":[61],"cycle":[62],"GHC.":[64],"Despite":[65],"infancy,":[67],"193":[69],"MHz":[70],"outperforms":[73],"wall-clock":[74],"time":[75],"mid-range":[78],"Intel":[79,97],"i3":[80],"1.9":[81],"GHz":[82],"mobile":[83],"CPU":[84],"5":[86],"these":[88],"benchmarks":[89],"competitive":[92],"with":[93],"Alder":[95],"Lake":[96],"i7":[98],"CPU.":[99],"Its":[100],"performance-per-Watt":[101],"shows":[102],"that":[103],"the":[104,127],"compelling":[109],"solution":[110],"embedded":[112],"applications.":[113],"simplicity":[115],"Heron\u2019s":[117],"design":[118],"results":[119],"in":[120],"just":[121],"2%":[122],"FPGA":[123],"resource":[124],"usage,":[125],"paving":[126],"way":[128],"future":[130],"single-chip":[131],"parallelism,":[132],"further":[133],"improving":[134],"absolute":[135],"performance.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
