{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394898244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3650400.3650676","title":"Code Defect Detection Model with Multi-layer Bi-directional Long Short Term Memory based on Self-Attention Mechanism","display_name":"Code Defect Detection Model with Multi-layer Bi-directional Long Short Term Memory based on Self-Attention Mechanism","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394898244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3650400.3650676"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3650400.3650676","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3650400.3650676","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2023 7th International Conference on Electronic Information Technology and Computer Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011179391","display_name":"Cong Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1778-0186"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738113","display_name":"China Electric Power Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ehpzy81","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4392738113"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd., State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. Ltd. Research Institute, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1778-0186","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd., State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. Ltd. Research Institute, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4392738113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042706102","display_name":"Yue Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5825-152X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738113","display_name":"China Electric Power Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ehpzy81","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4392738113"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd., State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. Ltd. Research Institute, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5825-152X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd., State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. Ltd. Research Institute, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4392738113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043759561","display_name":"Lin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9777-4881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738113","display_name":"China Electric Power Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ehpzy81","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4392738113"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd., State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. Ltd. Research Institute, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9777-4881","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd., State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. Ltd. Research Institute, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4392738113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090912701","display_name":"Wangjie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6267-4841"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738113","display_name":"China Electric Power Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ehpzy81","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4392738113"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd., State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. Ltd. Research Institute, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6267-4841","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd., State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. Ltd. Research Institute, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4392738113"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084316924","display_name":"Xiaotian Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3068-9847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738113","display_name":"China Electric Power Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ehpzy81","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4392738113"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaotian Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd., State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. Ltd. Research Institute, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3068-9847","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd., State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. Ltd. Research Institute, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4392738113"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1656","last_page":"1660"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7581045627593994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.609806478023529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-logic","display_name":"Business logic","score":0.4929540157318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.46956562995910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4669440984725952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4393155574798584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-and-recall","display_name":"Precision and recall","score":0.4266012907028198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.41944336891174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4190864562988281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.4145761728286743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3701571226119995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.19704201817512512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.148087739944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.13898411393165588}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7581045627593994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.609806478023529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146222976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204997","display_name":"Business logic","level":2,"score":0.4929540157318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46956562995910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4669440984725952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4393155574798584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.4266012907028198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.41944336891174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4190864562988281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.4145761728286743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3701571226119995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.19704201817512512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.148087739944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.13898411393165588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3650400.3650676","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3650400.3650676","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2023 7th International Conference on Electronic Information Technology and Computer Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2343714786","https://openalex.org/W2905598133","https://openalex.org/W2994099454","https://openalex.org/W2997915791","https://openalex.org/W3089621332","https://openalex.org/W3094496039","https://openalex.org/W3191605668","https://openalex.org/W3202871865"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2383709526","https://openalex.org/W4386868306","https://openalex.org/W2351795770","https://openalex.org/W2188998770","https://openalex.org/W2373218077","https://openalex.org/W2376211635","https://openalex.org/W2352056933","https://openalex.org/W2349787029","https://openalex.org/W2095999892","https://openalex.org/W2377356365"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,17,28,86,115,142,145],"process":[2,20],"of":[3,40,66,120,123,126,132,144],"digital":[4],"transformation,":[5],"enterprises":[6],"develop":[7],"and":[8,83,110,128],"launch":[9],"numerous":[10],"business":[11],"application":[12,18],"systems.":[13],"Practice":[14],"indicates":[15],"that":[16,114],"development":[19],"often":[21],"introduces":[22],"many":[23],"logical":[24],"security":[25],"defects.":[26],"Auditing":[27],"source":[29],"code":[30,70,96],"before":[31],"software":[32],"goes":[33],"live":[34],"is":[35,102],"considered":[36],"an":[37,63,118,129],"effective":[38],"means":[39],"defect":[41,47,97],"discovery.":[42],"This":[43],"paper":[44],"proposes":[45],"a":[46,52,77,95],"detection":[48,98],"model":[49,101,116],"based":[50],"on":[51],"multi-layer":[53,78],"Bi-LSTM":[54,79],"with":[55],"self-attention":[56,87],"mechanism":[57,88],"for":[58,81],"CWE":[59],"vulnerabilities.":[60],"It":[61,134],"forms":[62],"intermediate":[64],"representation":[65],"structured":[67],"information":[68],"from":[69],"data":[71],"flow":[72],"analysis,":[73],"inputs":[74],"it":[75],"into":[76],"network":[80],"training,":[82],"then":[84],"uses":[85],"to":[89,104],"deeply":[90],"extract":[91],"features,":[92],"ultimately":[93],"generating":[94],"model.":[99,146],"The":[100],"used":[103],"detect":[105],"defects":[106],"in":[107,138],"CWE-399":[108],"vulnerability,":[109],"experimental":[111],"results":[112],"show":[113],"has":[117],"accuracy":[119],"93.51%,":[121],"precision":[122],"96.81%,":[124],"recall":[125],"86.19%,":[127],"F1":[130],"score":[131],"91.19%.":[133],"demonstrates":[135],"high":[136],"performance":[137],"vulnerability":[139],"detection,":[140],"validating":[141],"effectiveness":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}