{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400361191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649921.3659846","title":"Solution Path Heuristics for Predicting Difficulty and Enjoyment Ratings of Roguelike Level Segments","display_name":"Solution Path Heuristics for Predicting Difficulty and Enjoyment Ratings of Roguelike Level Segments","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400361191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649921.3659846"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3649921.3659846","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649921.3659846","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018358562","display_name":"Colan F. Biemer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4993-9548"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Colan Biemer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4993-9548","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083670815","display_name":"Seth Cooper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4504-0877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seth Cooper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4504-0877","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018358562"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07930648,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.7726174592971802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.6097477078437805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.566236138343811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42756128311157227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.06286284327507019}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.7726174592971802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6097477078437805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.566236138343811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42756128311157227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.06286284327507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3649921.3659846","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649921.3659846","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W317957491","https://openalex.org/W866803723","https://openalex.org/W1924976642","https://openalex.org/W1953929884","https://openalex.org/W1969483458","https://openalex.org/W1970217653","https://openalex.org/W1998643818","https://openalex.org/W2002558294","https://openalex.org/W2006865864","https://openalex.org/W2050787672","https://openalex.org/W2091254174","https://openalex.org/W2103823214","https://openalex.org/W2108119549","https://openalex.org/W2137654273","https://openalex.org/W2189348319","https://openalex.org/W2225012988","https://openalex.org/W2534314849","https://openalex.org/W2623293810","https://openalex.org/W2811491921","https://openalex.org/W2898638632","https://openalex.org/W2941556323","https://openalex.org/W2963690854","https://openalex.org/W3046345150","https://openalex.org/W3093908578","https://openalex.org/W3094425054","https://openalex.org/W3132738837","https://openalex.org/W3138771162","https://openalex.org/W3161856941","https://openalex.org/W3174676553","https://openalex.org/W3193458912","https://openalex.org/W3209736102","https://openalex.org/W4229051620"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2280422768","https://openalex.org/W3143197806","https://openalex.org/W4252555497","https://openalex.org/W3121175838","https://openalex.org/W3016293053","https://openalex.org/W1690653314","https://openalex.org/W2401723157","https://openalex.org/W2065055572"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"generating":[1],"levels,":[2],"algorithmically":[3],"evaluating":[4],"the":[5,34,37,40,44,74,97,103,148,167],"results":[6],"is":[7,166],"essential.":[8],"In":[9,51],"this":[10,25,52],"paper,":[11],"we":[12,54,142],"looked":[13],"at":[14],"predicting":[15,109,135],"a":[16,56,86,114,131,153,163,175],"level\u2019s":[17],"difficulty":[18,80,110],"and":[19,43,63,66,81,111,118],"enjoyment.":[20,136],"Past":[21],"work":[22],"has":[23],"approached":[24],"problem":[26],"for":[27,60,108,134],"puzzle":[28],"games":[29],"like":[30],"Sudoku":[31],"by":[32],"analyzing":[33],"characteristics":[35],"of":[36,58,73,79,83,99,106,150,156],"initial":[38],"level,":[39,42],"solved":[41],"process":[45],"that":[46,49],"led":[47],"to":[48,69,101,160,171],"solution.":[50],"work,":[53],"examined":[55],"set":[57,98],"heuristics":[59,100,107],"Roguelike":[61],"levels":[62,84],"their":[64,67],"solutions,":[65],"relationship":[68],"subjective":[70],"player":[71],"ratings":[72,78],"levels.":[75],"We":[76,91],"gathered":[77],"enjoyment":[82,112],"in":[85,147],"study":[87,95],"with":[88,113],"143":[89],"players.":[90],"ran":[92],"an":[93],"ablation":[94],"on":[96,139],"find":[102],"best":[104],"combination":[105],"linear":[115],"regression":[116],"model,":[117],"found":[119],"solution":[120,164],"path-based":[121],"heursitics":[122],"performed":[123],"well.":[124],"However,":[125],"these":[126],"models":[127],"did":[128],"not":[129,144],"outperform":[130],"simple":[132],"baseline":[133],"Jaccard":[137],"similarity":[138],"paths\u2014a":[140],"method":[141],"have":[143],"seen":[145],"used":[146],"field":[149],"game":[151],"AI\u2014was":[152],"useful":[154],"predictor":[155],"difficulty.":[157],"Testing":[158],"proximity":[159],"enemies":[161],"across":[162],"path":[165],"only":[168],"heuristic":[169],"needed":[170],"predict":[172],"how":[173],"enjoyable":[174],"level":[176],"will":[177],"be.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-26T23:08:49.675405","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}