{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404134257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3658480","title":"Performance-driven Analog Routing via Heterogeneous 3DGNN and Potential Relaxation","display_name":"Performance-driven Analog Routing via Heterogeneous 3DGNN and Potential Relaxation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404134257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3658480"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3649329.3658480","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3658480","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 61st ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3658480","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101615874","display_name":"Peng Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5756-3494"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, HongKong, HongKong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5756-3494","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, HongKong, HongKong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081240313","display_name":"Guojin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9457-9583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guojin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of HongKong, HongKong, HongKong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9457-9583","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of HongKong, HongKong, HongKong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079056437","display_name":"Keren Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2698-141X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keren Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2698-141X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022945347","display_name":"Tinghuan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9195-6619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tinghuan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9195-6619","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062800747","display_name":"Tsung-Yi Ho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7348-5625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsung-Yi Ho","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7348-5625","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051340429","display_name":"Bei Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6406-4810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bei Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N/A, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6406-4810","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N/A, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.98089998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5869929790496826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5779078602790833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","score":0.5122570395469666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.326385498046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.08051404356956482}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5869929790496826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5779078602790833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5122570395469666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.326385498046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.08051404356956482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3649329.3658480","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3658480","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 61st ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3649329.3658480","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3658480","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 61st ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034646262","https://openalex.org/W2056343074","https://openalex.org/W2137046572","https://openalex.org/W2141897596","https://openalex.org/W2295569708","https://openalex.org/W2726670313","https://openalex.org/W2792627863","https://openalex.org/W2970971581","https://openalex.org/W2997579412","https://openalex.org/W2999044305","https://openalex.org/W3036164688","https://openalex.org/W3097987308","https://openalex.org/W3110662855","https://openalex.org/W3111845806","https://openalex.org/W3162375896","https://openalex.org/W3177828909","https://openalex.org/W4232735308","https://openalex.org/W4236728296","https://openalex.org/W4237782389","https://openalex.org/W4353031985"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Analog":[0],"routing":[1,61,68,74,85,112],"is":[2],"crucial":[3],"for":[4,83],"performance":[5,36],"optimization":[6],"in":[7],"analog":[8,38,60],"circuit":[9,35],"design,":[10],"but":[11],"conventionally":[12],"takes":[13],"significant":[14],"development":[15],"time":[16],"and":[17,49,76],"requires":[18],"design":[19],"expertise.":[20],"Recent":[21],"research":[22],"has":[23],"attempted":[24],"to":[25,30,33,65,79,89,97,134],"use":[26,90],"machine":[27],"learning":[28],"(ML)":[29],"generate":[31],"guidance":[32,75],"preserve":[34],"after":[37],"routing.":[39],"These":[40],"methods":[41],"face":[42],"challenges":[43],"such":[44],"as":[45],"expensive":[46],"data":[47],"acquisition":[48],"biased":[50],"guidance.":[51,69,113],"This":[52],"paper":[53],"presents":[54],"AnalogFold,":[55],"a":[56,91],"new":[57],"paradigm":[58],"of":[59,129],"that":[62,93],"leverages":[63],"ML":[64],"provide":[66],"performance-oriented":[67],"Our":[70],"approach":[71],"learns":[72],"performance-driven":[73,84],"uses":[77],"it":[78],"help":[80],"automatic":[81],"routers":[82],"optimization.":[86],"We":[87],"propose":[88],"3DGNN":[92],"incorporates":[94],"cost-aware":[95],"distance":[96],"make":[98],"accurate":[99],"predictions":[100],"on":[101,117],"post-layout":[102],"performance.":[103],"A":[104],"pool-assisted":[105],"potential":[106],"relaxation":[107],"process":[108],"derives":[109],"the":[110,121,127,130,135],"effective":[111],"The":[114],"experimental":[115],"results":[116],"multiple":[118],"benchmarks":[119],"under":[120],"TSMC":[122],"40nm":[123],"technology":[124],"node":[125],"demonstrate":[126],"superiority":[128],"proposed":[131],"framework":[132],"compared":[133],"cutting-edge":[136],"works.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}