{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404133749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3657331","title":"Alchemist: A Unified Accelerator Architecture for Cross-Scheme Fully Homomorphic Encryption","display_name":"Alchemist: A Unified Accelerator Architecture for Cross-Scheme Fully Homomorphic Encryption","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404133749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3657331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3649329.3657331","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3657331","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 61st ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010522760","display_name":"Jianan Mu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8513-0792"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianan Mu","raw_affiliation_strings":["CASTEST, Beijing, China","State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8513-0792","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CASTEST, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055782346","display_name":"Husheng Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0873-3471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726770","display_name":"Cambricon (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00r2rga43","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726770"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Husheng Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cambricon Technologies, Beijing, China","State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0873-3471","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambricon Technologies, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401726770"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052704997","display_name":"Shangyi Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3443-0474"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726770","display_name":"Cambricon (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00r2rga43","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726770"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shangyi Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cambricon Technologies, Beijing, China","State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3443-0474","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambricon Technologies, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401726770"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100394414","display_name":"Jing Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8023-5090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["CASTEST, Beijing, China","State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8023-5090","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CASTEST, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056037365","display_name":"Zizhen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8896-8600"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zizhen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["CASTEST, Beijing, China","State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8896-8600","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CASTEST, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018381533","display_name":"Shengwen Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8407-2594"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengwen Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","ZGC LAB, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8407-2594","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ZGC LAB, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100457502","display_name":"Meng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7212-2264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7212-2264","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101985755","display_name":"Mingzhe Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6440-7550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingzhe Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6440-7550","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065421587","display_name":"Song Bian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0467-6203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Song Bian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0467-6203","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101964036","display_name":"Xing Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9979-0561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xing Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","ZGC LAB, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9979-0561","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ZGC LAB, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118983745","display_name":"Li Hua","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huaiwei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["CASTEST, Beijing, China","State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8082-4218","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CASTEST, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023380073","display_name":"Xiaowei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0874-814X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["CASTEST, Beijing, China","State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0874-814X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CASTEST, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2219,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83445951,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7014105319976807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.6516337394714355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5549345016479492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.502652645111084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4618614614009857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.21808189153671265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0672629177570343}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7014105319976807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.6516337394714355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5549345016479492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.502652645111084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4618614614009857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.21808189153671265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0672629177570343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3649329.3657331","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3657331","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 61st ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2107953479","https://openalex.org/W2614081991","https://openalex.org/W2768174108","https://openalex.org/W2942255051","https://openalex.org/W3012235108","https://openalex.org/W3079221395","https://openalex.org/W3117449869","https://openalex.org/W3207326900","https://openalex.org/W4205474236","https://openalex.org/W4229005414","https://openalex.org/W4281609193","https://openalex.org/W4281792301","https://openalex.org/W4288055305","https://openalex.org/W4293024101","https://openalex.org/W4324017348","https://openalex.org/W4360831815","https://openalex.org/W4377371520","https://openalex.org/W4380881143","https://openalex.org/W4386764821","https://openalex.org/W4389491906","https://openalex.org/W6757619422","https://openalex.org/W6778434676"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2539930818","https://openalex.org/W4403623784","https://openalex.org/W4393118461","https://openalex.org/W4390664647","https://openalex.org/W3012147850","https://openalex.org/W4313300189","https://openalex.org/W2949835517"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"use":[1],"of":[2,62,78],"cross-scheme":[3],"fully":[4],"homomorphic":[5],"encryption":[6],"(FHE)":[7],"in":[8],"privacy-preserving":[9],"applications":[10],"present":[11],"to":[12,17,30,37,101,141],"be":[13],"a":[14,56,63,75,95,113,157,176],"new":[15,57,96],"challenge":[16],"hardware":[18,45,129],"accelerator":[19,22,58,86],"design.":[20],"Existing":[21],"architectures":[23],"with":[24,127,150,169],"customized":[25],"polynomial-level":[26],"operator":[27],"abstraction":[28],"fail":[29],"efficiently":[31,102],"handle":[32,103],"hybrid":[33],"FHE":[34,125],"schemes":[35],"due":[36],"the":[38,104,110,133,151,170],"mismatch":[39],"between":[40],"computational":[41],"demands":[42],"and":[43,123],"available":[44],"resources":[46],"under":[47],"various":[48],"parameter":[49],"settings.":[50],"In":[51,132],"this":[52],"work,":[53],"we":[54,135],"propose":[55],"architecture":[59],"that":[60,70,137],"consists":[61],"novel":[64],"finer-grained":[65],"low-level":[66],"operator,":[67],"i.e.,":[68],"Meta-OP,":[69],"not":[71],"only":[72],"mathematically":[73],"supports":[74],"diverse":[76],"range":[77],"polynomial":[79],"operations,":[80],"but":[81],"is":[82,139],"also":[83],"hardware-friendly":[84],"for":[85],"design":[87,94],"without":[88],"complex":[89],"topological":[90],"logic.":[91],"We":[92],"then":[93],"slot-based":[97,114],"data":[98,115],"management":[99,116],"scheme":[100],"distinct":[105],"memory":[106],"access":[107],"patterns":[108],"over":[109],"Meta-OP.":[111],"With":[112],"approach,":[117],"Alchemist":[118,138,155,174],"can":[119],"accelerate":[120],"both":[121],"arithmetic":[122,147],"logic":[124,166],"workloads":[126],"high":[128],"utilization":[130],"rates.":[131],"experiment,":[134],"show":[136],"up":[140,180],"24,829X":[142],"faster":[143],"than":[144],"CPU.":[145],"For":[146,165],"FHE,":[148,167],"compared":[149,168],"SOTA":[152,171],"ASIC":[153,172],"accelerators,":[154,173],"achieves":[156,175],"29.4X":[158],"performance":[159],"per":[160],"area":[161],"improvement":[162],"on":[163,181],"average.":[164,182],"7.0X":[177],"overall":[178],"speed":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}