{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404133660","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3656239","title":"ICGMM: CXL-enabled Memory Expansion with Intelligent Caching Using Gaussian Mixture Model","display_name":"ICGMM: CXL-enabled Memory Expansion with Intelligent Caching Using Gaussian Mixture Model","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404133660","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3656239"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3649329.3656239","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3656239","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 61st ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3656239","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022726792","display_name":"Hanqiu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1834-5612"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hanqiu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053039089","display_name":"Yitu Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yitu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Duke University, Durham, NC, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University, Durham, NC, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103272237","display_name":"Lu\u00eds Vit\u00f3rio Cargnini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0580-5716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vitorio Cargnini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Semiconductor, San Jose, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Semiconductor, San Jose, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041663829","display_name":"Mohammadreza Soltaniyeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2608-7322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammadreza Soltaniyeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Semiconductor, San Jose, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Semiconductor, San Jose, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111674221","display_name":"Dahai Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3415-709X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongyang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Semiconductor, San Jose, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Semiconductor, San Jose, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111321047","display_name":"Gongjin Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5420-1361"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gongjin Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Semiconductor, San Jose, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Semiconductor, San Jose, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017578031","display_name":"Pradeep Subedi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4281-9674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pradeep Subedi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Semiconductor, San Jose, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Semiconductor, San Jose, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082100677","display_name":"Andrew Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1573-1377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Semiconductor, San Jose, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Semiconductor, San Jose, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058073627","display_name":"Yiran Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1486-8412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiran Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Duke University, Durham, NC, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University, Durham, NC, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053022655","display_name":"Cong Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2541-8767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022726792"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.396,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83422212,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7506604194641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixture-model","display_name":"Mixture model","score":0.5326952934265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-network-model","display_name":"Gaussian network model","score":0.45642799139022827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.39727556705474854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.28844285011291504}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7506604194641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.5326952934265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166550679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263400","display_name":"Gaussian network model","level":3,"score":0.45642799139022827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.39727556705474854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28844285011291504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3649329.3656239","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3656239","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 61st ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3649329.3656239","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3656239","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 61st ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2099753358","https://openalex.org/W2412976325","https://openalex.org/W3043776758"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1578916557","https://openalex.org/W4295035285","https://openalex.org/W2350507978","https://openalex.org/W2365475731","https://openalex.org/W2016260880","https://openalex.org/W2073372811","https://openalex.org/W2386291451","https://openalex.org/W2008969177","https://openalex.org/W1998316682","https://openalex.org/W2122170741"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Compute":[0],"Express":[1],"Link":[2],"(CXL)":[3],"emerges":[4],"as":[5,38,40,52,61],"a":[6,25,48,92,106,122,137,151],"solution":[7,115],"for":[8,44],"wide":[9],"gap":[10],"between":[11,31,74],"computational":[12],"speed":[13],"and":[14,20,27,33,78,81,100],"data":[15,70],"communication":[16],"rates":[17],"among":[18],"host":[19,32],"multiple":[21],"devices.":[22],"It":[23],"fosters":[24],"unified":[26],"coherent":[28],"memory":[29,45],"space":[30],"CXL":[34],"storage":[35],"devices":[36],"such":[37,39,60],"Solid-state":[41],"drive":[42],"(SSD)":[43],"expansion,":[46],"with":[47],"corresponding":[49],"DRAM":[50,76],"implemented":[51],"the":[53,75,127,140,158,167],"device":[54],"cache.":[55],"However,":[56],"this":[57,190],"introduces":[58],"challenges":[59],"substantial":[62,152],"cache":[63,84,133,141,173],"miss":[64,142],"penalties,":[65],"sub-optimal":[66],"caching":[67,99],"due":[68],"to":[69,126,147,150,154,166],"access":[71,161],"granularity":[72],"mismatch":[73],"\"cache\"":[77],"SSD":[79,160],"\"memory\",":[80],"inefficient":[82],"hardware":[83,197],"management.":[85],"To":[86],"address":[87],"these":[88],"issues,":[89],"we":[90],"propose":[91],"novel":[93],"solution,":[94],"named":[95],"ICGMM,":[96],"which":[97,120],"optimizes":[98],"eviction":[101],"directly":[102],"on":[103,116,178],"hardware,":[104],"employing":[105],"Gaussian":[107],"Mixture":[108],"Model":[109],"(GMM)-based":[110],"approach.":[111],"We":[112,135],"prototype":[113],"our":[114,175],"an":[117,181],"FPGA":[118,179],"board,":[119],"demonstrates":[121],"noteworthy":[123],"improvement":[124],"compared":[125,165],"classic":[128],"Least":[129],"Recently":[130],"Used":[131],"(LRU)":[132],"strategy.":[134],"observe":[136],"decrease":[138],"in":[139,157],"rate":[143],"ranging":[144],"from":[145],"0.32%":[146],"6.14%,":[148],"leading":[149],"16.23%":[153],"39.14%":[155],"reduction":[156,184],"average":[159],"latency.":[162],"Furthermore,":[163],"when":[164],"state-of-the-art":[168],"Long":[169],"Short-Term":[170],"Memory":[171],"(LSTM)-based":[172],"policies,":[174],"GMM":[176],"algorithm":[177],"showcases":[180],"impressive":[182],"latency":[183],"of":[185],"over":[186],"10,000":[187],"times.":[188],"Remarkably,":[189],"is":[191],"achieved":[192],"while":[193],"demanding":[194],"much":[195],"fewer":[196],"resources.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
