{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404133510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3655671","title":"Annotating Slack Directly on Your Verilog: Fine-Grained RTL Timing Evaluation for Early Optimization","display_name":"Annotating Slack Directly on Your Verilog: Fine-Grained RTL Timing Evaluation for Early Optimization","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404133510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3655671"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3649329.3655671","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3655671","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 61st ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102873255","display_name":"Wenji Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-9395"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenji Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101520717","display_name":"Shang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0057-7844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003614499","display_name":"Hongce Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4001-264X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongce Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075696558","display_name":"Zhiyao Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4442-592X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyao Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102873255"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5543,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93733105,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verilog","display_name":"Verilog","score":0.8337175250053406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7950176000595093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.5187880992889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.48749709129333496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.48515018820762634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.36470022797584534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.27567094564437866}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779030575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827773","display_name":"Verilog","level":3,"score":0.8337175250053406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7950176000595093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.5187880992889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.48749709129333496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.48515018820762634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.36470022797584534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.27567094564437866}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3649329.3655671","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649329.3655671","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 61st ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-145503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-145503","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2291908008","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023A03J0013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335480","funder_display_name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3758745376","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62304192","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5920648238","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"92364102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335480","display_name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2108862644","https://openalex.org/W2911181151","https://openalex.org/W2946795101","https://openalex.org/W4252769808","https://openalex.org/W4293024071","https://openalex.org/W4312121077","https://openalex.org/W4312729670","https://openalex.org/W4386764525","https://openalex.org/W4388040391","https://openalex.org/W4388071571","https://openalex.org/W4389166667"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2371211312","https://openalex.org/W1761969858","https://openalex.org/W2158571935","https://openalex.org/W2391854357","https://openalex.org/W2362026881","https://openalex.org/W4308329148","https://openalex.org/W3114194214","https://openalex.org/W1748531671","https://openalex.org/W4206948312","https://openalex.org/W2132512458"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,73],"digital":[1],"IC":[2],"design,":[3],"compared":[4],"with":[5],"post-synthesis":[6],"netlists":[7],"or":[8],"layouts,":[9],"the":[10,45,60,64,78,92,99,123],"early":[11,34],"register-transfer":[12],"level":[13],"(RTL)":[14],"stage":[15],"offers":[16],"greater":[17],"optimization":[18,138],"flexibility":[19],"for":[20],"both":[21],"designers":[22],"and":[23,50,85,116,160],"EDA":[24],"tools.":[25],"However,":[26],"timing":[27,66,83,103],"information":[28,67],"is":[29,98],"typically":[30],"unavailable":[31],"at":[32,59,127],"this":[33,74,97],"stage.":[35],"Some":[36],"recent":[37],"machine":[38],"learning":[39],"(ML)":[40],"solutions":[41],"propose":[42],"to":[43,106,121,136],"predict":[44],"total":[46],"negative":[47,52],"slack":[48,53],"(TNS)":[49],"worst":[51],"(WNS)":[54],"of":[55,68,81,94],"an":[56],"entire":[57],"design":[58],"RTL":[61,82,114],"stage,":[62],"but":[63],"fine-grained":[65,101],"individual":[69],"registers":[70],"remains":[71],"unavailable.":[72],"work,":[75],"we":[76],"address":[77],"unique":[79],"challenges":[80],"prediction":[84],"introduce":[86],"our":[87,95],"solution":[88],"named":[89],"RTL-Timer.":[90],"To":[91],"best":[93],"knowledge,":[96],"first":[100],"general":[102],"estimator":[104],"applicable":[105],"any":[107],"given":[108],"design.":[109],"RTL-Timer":[110],"explores":[111],"multiple":[112],"promising":[113],"representations":[115],"proposes":[117],"customized":[118],"loss":[119],"functions":[120],"capture":[122],"maximum":[124],"arrival":[125],"time":[126],"register":[128],"endpoints.":[129],"RTL-Timer's":[130],"finegrained":[131],"predictions":[132],"are":[133],"further":[134],"applied":[135],"guide":[137],"in":[139],"a":[140,152],"standard":[141],"synthesis":[142],"flow.":[143],"The":[144],"average":[145],"results":[146],"on":[147],"unknown":[148],"test":[149],"designs":[150],"demonstrate":[151],"correlation":[153],"above":[154],"0.89,":[155],"contributing":[156],"around":[157],"3%":[158],"WNS":[159],"10%":[161],"TNS":[162],"improvement":[163],"after":[164],"optimization.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}