{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392121142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649318","title":"Agent-Based Model of Initial Token Allocations: Simulating Distributions post Fair Launch","display_name":"Agent-Based Model of Initial Token Allocations: Simulating Distributions post Fair Launch","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392121142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649318"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3649318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649318","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3649318","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170305","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems","issn_l":"2158-656X","issn":["2158-656X","2158-6578"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3649318","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011748130","display_name":"Joaqu\u00edn Delgado Fern\u00e1ndez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1326-6134"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259781","display_name":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/02qav7c04","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577","https://openalex.org/I4405259781"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joaquin Delgado Fernandez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1326-6134","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577","https://openalex.org/I4405259781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065155590","display_name":"Tom Barbereau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8554-0991"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259781","display_name":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/02qav7c04","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577","https://openalex.org/I4405259781"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tom Barbereau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University ofLuxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8554-0991","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University ofLuxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577","https://openalex.org/I4405259781"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056137092","display_name":"Orestis Papageorgiou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2245-5079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259781","display_name":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/02qav7c04","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577","https://openalex.org/I4405259781"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Orestis Papageorgiou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2245-5079","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577","https://openalex.org/I4405259781"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7638,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90969834,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-token","display_name":"Security token","score":0.9222359657287598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voting","display_name":"Voting","score":0.779900074005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"Corporate governance","score":0.5730996131896973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4758586287498474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proposition","display_name":"Proposition","score":0.4696929454803467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cls-upper-limits","display_name":"CLs upper limits","score":0.46763184666633606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.4634959399700165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.42737922072410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.41777223348617554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.38947898149490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.37643933296203613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-economics","display_name":"Environmental economics","score":0.322579562664032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.3133774995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.2718338370323181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.21165016293525696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.1741919219493866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.10562551021575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10202634334564209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.07912275195121765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.9222359657287598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.779900074005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.5730996131896973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4758586287498474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777152325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108163","display_name":"Proposition","level":2,"score":0.4696929454803467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190729725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5012817","display_name":"CLs upper limits","level":2,"score":0.46763184666633606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.4634959399700165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.42737922072410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.41777223348617554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.38947898149490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.37643933296203613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.322579562664032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.3133774995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2718338370323181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.21165016293525696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1741919219493866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.10562551021575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10202634334564209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.07912275195121765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3649318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649318","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3649318","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170305","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems","issn_l":"2158-656X","issn":["2158-656X","2158-6578"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/60501","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/60501","pdf_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/bitstream/10993/60501/1/3649318.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems (2024-02-23)","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3649318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3649318","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3649318","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170305","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems","issn_l":"2158-656X","issn":["2158-656X","2158-6578"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.75}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2101351024","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"14783405","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","funder_display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G307562705","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCBY4.0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","funder_display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G434337789","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HORIZON2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4613589738","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16326754","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","funder_display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5107430903","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13342933","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","funder_display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8865367451","display_name":"Medical Device Obligations Taskforce","funder_award_id":"814654","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/039z13y21"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392121142.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392121142.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494666124","https://openalex.org/W1538169621","https://openalex.org/W1559920903","https://openalex.org/W1590480742","https://openalex.org/W1692666799","https://openalex.org/W1967753816","https://openalex.org/W1973429805","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2004316155","https://openalex.org/W2018567859","https://openalex.org/W2077779737","https://openalex.org/W2091114494","https://openalex.org/W2128726101","https://openalex.org/W2142635246","https://openalex.org/W2153310220","https://openalex.org/W2171903289","https://openalex.org/W2179965372","https://openalex.org/W2479920742","https://openalex.org/W2496777941","https://openalex.org/W2497293620","https://openalex.org/W2545981505","https://openalex.org/W2559876587","https://openalex.org/W2752384816","https://openalex.org/W2781963368","https://openalex.org/W2788662767","https://openalex.org/W2903825036","https://openalex.org/W2904264105","https://openalex.org/W2911599464","https://openalex.org/W2914723769","https://openalex.org/W2920560057","https://openalex.org/W2921980263","https://openalex.org/W2971052312","https://openalex.org/W2980180716","https://openalex.org/W2989739431","https://openalex.org/W2990743878","https://openalex.org/W3009941002","https://openalex.org/W3010955934","https://openalex.org/W3034219685","https://openalex.org/W3042743284","https://openalex.org/W3088345572","https://openalex.org/W3092233902","https://openalex.org/W3100839768","https://openalex.org/W3121665157","https://openalex.org/W3121709401","https://openalex.org/W3121808336","https://openalex.org/W3140662957","https://openalex.org/W3155602733","https://openalex.org/W3158200125","https://openalex.org/W3170135889","https://openalex.org/W3183667760","https://openalex.org/W3201092806","https://openalex.org/W3215428451","https://openalex.org/W4211227371","https://openalex.org/W4213439731","https://openalex.org/W4221105831","https://openalex.org/W4230292544","https://openalex.org/W4252261040","https://openalex.org/W4283738729","https://openalex.org/W4285208732","https://openalex.org/W4293723655","https://openalex.org/W4322490624","https://openalex.org/W4327730965","https://openalex.org/W4366439490","https://openalex.org/W4367298020","https://openalex.org/W4376608940","https://openalex.org/W4378416759","https://openalex.org/W4385455367"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2349990005","https://openalex.org/W19473193","https://openalex.org/W2297670824","https://openalex.org/W2851521638","https://openalex.org/W2369153420","https://openalex.org/W2153707449","https://openalex.org/W2388815250","https://openalex.org/W150594749","https://openalex.org/W2138049055","https://openalex.org/W2362907539"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"advancements":[1],"in":[2],"distributed":[3],"ledger":[4],"technologies":[5],"and":[6,70,86,133,184],"smart":[7],"contracts,":[8],"tokenized":[9],"voting":[10,99,138],"rights":[11,19,100,139],"gained":[12],"prominence":[13],"within":[14,51],"decentralized":[15,53],"finance":[16],"(DeFi).":[17],"Voting":[18],"tokens":[20,26,45,63,83,101,140],"(a.k.a.":[21],"governance":[22,189],"tokens)":[23],"are":[24,84],"fungible":[25],"that":[27,112,154,166],"grant":[28],"individual":[29],"holders":[30],"the":[31,36,58,67,103,113,117,135,157,164,167,171,176],"right":[32],"to":[33,47,93,131],"vote":[34],"upon":[35],"fate":[37],"of":[38,61,72,105,119,137,156,173],"a":[39,52,77],"project.":[40],"The":[41,109,151,179],"motivation":[42],"behind":[43],"these":[44,62],"is":[46,64,111,116,169,175],"achieve":[48],"decentral":[49],"control":[50],"autonomous":[54],"organization":[55],"(DAO).":[56],"Because":[57],"initial":[59],"allocations":[60],"often":[65],"undemocratic,":[66],"DeFi":[68],"project":[69],"DAO":[71],"Yearn":[73],"Finance":[74],"experimented":[75],"with":[76],"fair":[78,143],"launch":[79,144],"allocation":[80,145],"where":[81],"no":[82],"pre-mined":[85],"all":[87],"participants":[88],"have":[89],"an":[90,128],"equal":[91],"opportunity":[92],"receive":[94],"them.":[95],"Regardless,":[96],"research":[97],"on":[98],"highlights":[102],"formation":[104],"timocracies":[106],"over":[107],"time.":[108],"consideration":[110,165],"tokens\u2019":[114,177],"tradability":[115],"cause":[118,172],"concentration.":[120],"To":[121],"examine":[122],"this":[123,125],"proposition,":[124],"article":[126],"uses":[127],"agent-based":[129],"model":[130],"simulate":[132],"analyze":[134],"concentration":[136,159,174],"post":[141],"three":[142],"scenarios":[146],"under":[147],"different":[148],"trading":[149],"modalities.":[150],"results":[152],"show":[153],"regardless":[155],"allocation,":[158],"persistently":[160],"occurs.":[161],"It":[162],"confirms":[163],"\u2018disease\u2019":[168],"endogenous:":[170],"tradability.":[178],"findings":[180],"inform":[181],"theoretical":[182],"understandings":[183],"practical":[185],"implications":[186],"for":[187],"on-chain":[188],"mediated":[190],"by":[191],"tokens.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-15T07:11:24.734988","created_date":"2024-02-24T00:00:00"}
