{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400582980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3643750","title":"Understanding Developers\u2019 Discussions and Perceptions on Non-functional Requirements: The Case of the Spring Ecosystem","display_name":"Understanding Developers\u2019 Discussions and Perceptions on Non-functional Requirements: The Case of the Spring Ecosystem","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400582980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3643750"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3643750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3643750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404663975","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on software engineering.","issn_l":"2994-970X","issn":["2994-970X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3643750","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Anderson Oliveira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2530-8242"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2699952","display_name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/01dg47b60","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anderson Oliveira","raw_affiliation_strings":["PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2530-8242","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103089461","display_name":"Jo\u00e3o Correia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1040-2577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2699952","display_name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/01dg47b60","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo\u00e3o Correia","raw_affiliation_strings":["PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1040-2577","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039130090","display_name":"Wesley K. G. Assun\u00e7\u00e3o","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7557-9091"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wesley K. G. Assun\u00e7\u00e3o","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina State University, North Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7557-9091","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina State University, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051931293","display_name":"Juliana Alves Pereira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-2829"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2699952","display_name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/01dg47b60","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juliana Alves Pereira","raw_affiliation_strings":["PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-2829","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036209534","display_name":"Rafael de Mello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9877-3946"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122140584","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/03490as77","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122140584"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael de Mello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9877-3946","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122140584"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079478848","display_name":"Daniel Coutinho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4226-2458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2699952","display_name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/01dg47b60","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Coutinho","raw_affiliation_strings":["PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4226-2458","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081290242","display_name":"Caio Barbosa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4288-3713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2699952","display_name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/01dg47b60","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caio Barbosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4288-3713","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5099127675","display_name":"Paulo V\u00edtor C. F. Lib\u00f3rio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0567-2908"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2699952","display_name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/01dg47b60","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo Lib\u00f3rio","raw_affiliation_strings":["PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0567-2908","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007792821","display_name":"Alessandro Garcia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5788-5215"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2699952","display_name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/01dg47b60","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5788-5215","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6396,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73806914,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"FSE","first_page":"517","last_page":"538"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14147","display_name":"Innovative Approaches in Technology and Social Development","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spring","display_name":"Spring (device)","score":0.8077002763748169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.588787317276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecosystem","display_name":"Ecosystem","score":0.4908917546272278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-resource-management","display_name":"Environmental resource management","score":0.4046701192855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32991522550582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3257496953010559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3088235855102539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22683802247047424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.1965271234512329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.08404254913330078}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778712887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102836","display_name":"Spring (device)","level":2,"score":0.8077002763748169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.588787317276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.4908917546272278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.4046701192855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32991522550582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3257496953010559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3088235855102539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22683802247047424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.1965271234512329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08404254913330078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3643750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3643750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404663975","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on software engineering.","issn_l":"2994-970X","issn":["2994-970X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3643750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3643750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404663975","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on software engineering.","issn_l":"2994-970X","issn":["2994-970X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1363222504","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"010002285/2019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322749","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1841784766","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"88887.904409/2023-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","funder_display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2972487428","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"140185/2020-8, 140770/2021-6, 141180/2021-8, 434969/2018-4, 312149/2016-6, 141180/2021-8, 140771/2021-2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","funder_display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/00x0ma614"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322749","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk0s825"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1592081868","https://openalex.org/W1615506555","https://openalex.org/W1914969610","https://openalex.org/W1987971958","https://openalex.org/W2001730430","https://openalex.org/W2012720140","https://openalex.org/W2020508163","https://openalex.org/W2051952787","https://openalex.org/W2056134008","https://openalex.org/W2060736388","https://openalex.org/W2075723381","https://openalex.org/W2083714857","https://openalex.org/W2094013107","https://openalex.org/W2127626360","https://openalex.org/W2133890582","https://openalex.org/W2139092060","https://openalex.org/W2143259336","https://openalex.org/W2339077968","https://openalex.org/W2562606853","https://openalex.org/W2565718479","https://openalex.org/W2755137195","https://openalex.org/W2758253540","https://openalex.org/W2794516483","https://openalex.org/W2794694213","https://openalex.org/W2894969730","https://openalex.org/W2961502088","https://openalex.org/W2975200027","https://openalex.org/W2989109495","https://openalex.org/W2999118008","https://openalex.org/W3081523661","https://openalex.org/W3114280329","https://openalex.org/W3216699912","https://openalex.org/W4206258872","https://openalex.org/W4206479390","https://openalex.org/W4206743080","https://openalex.org/W4210474990","https://openalex.org/W4212957716","https://openalex.org/W4226320191","https://openalex.org/W4242182825","https://openalex.org/W4251641598","https://openalex.org/W4253934521","https://openalex.org/W6831247800"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2808213426","https://openalex.org/W2016759238","https://openalex.org/W2807711811","https://openalex.org/W2808279233","https://openalex.org/W1978394698","https://openalex.org/W4247955010","https://openalex.org/W2294789132","https://openalex.org/W2606062946","https://openalex.org/W4297848928","https://openalex.org/W2387040017"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Non-Functional":[0],"Requirements":[1],"(NFRs)":[2],"should":[3],"be":[4],"defined":[5],"in":[6,87,109,179,234,266],"the":[7,11,44,114,145,172,180,208,237,270],"early":[8],"stages":[9],"of":[10,46,59,85,106,111,113,128,147,171,212,228,288],"software":[12,89,97],"development":[13],"process,":[14],"driving":[15],"developers":[16,26,92,187,213,230,250,261],"to":[17,27,33,95,143,175,251,278],"make":[18],"important":[19,83],"design":[20],"decisions.":[21],"Neglecting":[22],"NFRs":[23,47,176,194,263,280],"may":[24],"lead":[25],"create":[28],"systems":[29],"that":[30,62,137,162,186,231],"are":[31,177,188],"difficult":[32],"maintain":[34],"and":[35,51,121,133,210,217,264,273],"do":[36,79],"not":[37,80],"meet":[38],"users":[39],"expectations.":[40],"Despite":[41],"their":[42,253],"importance,":[43],"discussion":[45],"is":[48],"often":[49,189],"ad-hoc":[50],"scattered":[52],"through":[53],"multiple":[54],"sources,":[55],"limiting":[56],"developers\u2019":[57],"awareness":[58],"NFRs.":[60],"In":[61,99,221],"scenario,":[63],"Pull":[64],"Request":[65],"(PR)":[66],"discussions":[67,108,124,138,173,291],"provide":[68],"a":[69,148,156,246,285],"centralized":[70],"platform":[71],"for":[72],"comprehensive":[73],"NFR":[74,107,202,219,256,294],"discussions.":[75,257],"However,":[76],"existing":[77],"studies":[78],"explore":[81],"this":[82,100,242],"source":[84],"information":[86,192],"open-source":[88],"development,":[90],"which":[91],"widely":[93],"use":[94],"discuss":[96,216],"requirements.":[98],"study,":[101],"we":[102,160,223,244,268],"report":[103],"an":[104,225],"investigation":[105],"PRs":[110,141],"repositories":[112],"Spring":[115],"ecosystem.":[116],"We":[117,135,282],"collected,":[118],"manually":[119],"curated,":[120],"analyzed":[122,207],"PR":[123,181,290],"addressing":[125],"four":[126],"categories":[127],"NFRs:":[129],"maintainability,":[130],"security,":[131],"performance,":[132],"robustness.":[134],"observed":[136],"surrounding":[139],"these":[140,201],"tend":[142],"address":[144,279],"introduction":[146],"code":[149],"change":[150],"or":[151],"explain":[152],"some":[153],"anomaly":[154],"regarding":[155,193],"particular":[157],"NFR.":[158],"Also,":[159],"found":[161],"more":[163],"than":[164],"<mml:math":[165],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[166],"display=\"inline\">":[167],"<mml:mn>77</mml:mn>":[168],"<mml:mo>%</mml:mo>":[169],"</mml:math>":[170],"related":[174],"triggered":[178],"title":[182],"and/or":[183],"description,":[184],"indicating":[185],"provided":[190,284],"with":[191,236,248,293],"straightway.":[195],"To":[196,240],"gain":[197],"additional":[198],"knowledge":[199],"from":[200],"discussions,":[203,267],"our":[204],"study":[205],"also":[206,283],"characteristics":[209],"activities":[211],"who":[214],"actually":[215],"fix":[218],"issues.":[220],"particular,":[222],"performed":[224],"in-depth":[226],"analysis":[227],"63":[229],"stood":[232],"out":[233],"collaborating":[235],"mapped":[238],"PRs.":[239],"complement":[241],"analysis,":[243],"conducted":[245],"survey":[247],"44":[249],"gather":[252],"perceptions":[254],"on":[255],"By":[258],"observing":[259],"how":[260],"approach":[262],"participate":[265],"documented":[269],"best":[271],"practices":[272],"strategies":[274],"newcomers":[275],"can":[276],"adopt":[277],"effectively.":[281],"curated":[286],"dataset":[287],"1,533":[289],"classified":[292],"presence.":[295]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
