{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407771162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3641554.3701918","title":"Construction and Preliminary Validation of a Dynamic Programming Concept Inventory","display_name":"Construction and Preliminary Validation of a Dynamic Programming Concept Inventory","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407771162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3641554.3701918"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3641554.3701918","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3641554.3701918","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 56th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V. 1","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3641554.3701918","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022586125","display_name":"Matthew Ferland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5289-7567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121058860","display_name":"Dickinson College","ror":"https://ror.org/02ydh7m84","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121058860"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Ferland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5289-7567","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121058860"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070972086","display_name":"Varun Nagaraj Rao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4692-2196"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Varun Nagaraj Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4692-2196","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063636302","display_name":"Arushi Arora","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9683-8283"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arushi Arora","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9683-8283","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114987296","display_name":"Drew van der Poel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Drew van der Poel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8492-5390","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029939973","display_name":"Michael Luu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3238-1242"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Luu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3238-1242","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074848835","display_name":"Randy Huynh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8506-1245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randy Huynh","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8506-1245","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005484483","display_name":"Frederick Reiber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0007-5072"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederick Reiber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston University, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0007-5072","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114987298","display_name":"Sandra Ossman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandra Ossman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8183-728X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031075692","display_name":"Seth Poulsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6284-9972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121980950","display_name":"Utah State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00h6set76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121980950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seth Poulsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6284-9972","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121980950"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080425289","display_name":"Michael Shindler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3365-1729"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Shindler","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3365-1729","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4071,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8947387,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"325","last_page":"331"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.66854327917099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.45633310079574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-programming","display_name":"Dynamic programming","score":0.4305824637413025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.39075666666030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.08662840723991394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.66854327917099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.45633310079574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37404715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380679","display_name":"Dynamic programming","level":2,"score":0.4305824637413025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.39075666666030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.08662840723991394}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3641554.3701918","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3641554.3701918","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 56th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V. 1","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3641554.3701918","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3641554.3701918","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 56th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V. 1","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W120570690","https://openalex.org/W354024470","https://openalex.org/W1971239853","https://openalex.org/W1978989105","https://openalex.org/W1985858077","https://openalex.org/W1989017401","https://openalex.org/W1989229678","https://openalex.org/W2008785686","https://openalex.org/W2012669829","https://openalex.org/W2026390014","https://openalex.org/W2064908880","https://openalex.org/W2090624833","https://openalex.org/W2096329292","https://openalex.org/W2128886782","https://openalex.org/W2159006838","https://openalex.org/W2168110387","https://openalex.org/W2309134312","https://openalex.org/W2512013293","https://openalex.org/W2594542444","https://openalex.org/W2748071319","https://openalex.org/W2781328074","https://openalex.org/W2789952218","https://openalex.org/W2790195820","https://openalex.org/W2910926550","https://openalex.org/W2915075304","https://openalex.org/W2964684033","https://openalex.org/W3007087563","https://openalex.org/W3010446215","https://openalex.org/W3010552938","https://openalex.org/W3011903586","https://openalex.org/W3207306719","https://openalex.org/W4205140928","https://openalex.org/W4210379996","https://openalex.org/W4283169790","https://openalex.org/W4323033936","https://openalex.org/W4386588730","https://openalex.org/W4386614515","https://openalex.org/W4407681569"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Concept":[0,52],"inventories":[1],"are":[2],"standardized":[3],"assessments":[4,163],"that":[5,34],"evaluate":[6],"student":[7,67,125,138],"understanding":[8],"of":[9,115,124,140],"key":[10,79],"concepts":[11,71],"within":[12],"academic":[13],"disciplines.":[14],"While":[15],"prevalent":[16],"across":[17],"STEM":[18],"fields,":[19],"their":[20],"development":[21],"lags":[22],"for":[23,39,145,150,164],"advanced":[24,152],"computer":[25,154],"science":[26,155],"topics":[27],"like":[28],"dynamic":[29],"programming":[30],"(DP)---an":[31],"algorithmic":[32],"technique":[33],"poses":[35],"significant":[36],"conceptual":[37,93],"challenges":[38,83],"undergraduates.":[40],"To":[41],"fill":[42],"this":[43],"gap,":[44],"we":[45],"developed":[46],"and":[47,82,118],"validated":[48,130],"a":[49,97,147],"Dynamic":[50],"Programming":[51],"Inventory":[53],"(DPCI).":[54],"We":[55,77,95],"detail":[56],"the":[57,103],"iterative":[58],"process":[59],"used":[60],"to":[61,89,105,113,135,161],"formulate":[62],"multiple-choice":[63],"questions":[64,88,112],"targeting":[65],"known":[66],"misconceptions":[68],"about":[69],"DP":[70],"identified":[72],"through":[73],"prior":[74],"research":[75],"studies.":[76],"discuss":[78],"decisions,":[80],"tradeoffs,":[81],"faced":[84],"in":[85],"crafting":[86],"probing":[87],"subtly":[90],"reveal":[91],"these":[92],"misunderstandings.":[94],"conducted":[96],"preliminary":[98],"psychometric":[99],"validation":[100],"by":[101],"administering":[102],"DPCI":[104,131],"172":[106],"undergraduate":[107],"CS":[108],"students":[109],"finding":[110],"our":[111,129,143],"be":[114],"appropriate":[116],"difficulty":[117],"effectively":[119],"discriminating":[120],"between":[121],"differing":[122],"levels":[123],"understanding.":[126],"Taken":[127],"together,":[128],"will":[132],"enable":[133],"instructors":[134],"accurately":[136],"assess":[137],"mastery":[139],"DP.":[141],"Moreover,":[142],"approach":[144],"devising":[146],"concept":[148,156],"inventory":[149],"an":[151],"theoretical":[153],"can":[157],"guide":[158],"future":[159],"efforts":[160],"create":[162],"other":[165],"under-evaluated":[166],"areas":[167],"currently":[168],"lacking":[169],"coverage.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}