{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392445486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3639233.3639331","title":"On Cognitive Level Classification of Assessment-items Using Pre-trained BERT-based Model","display_name":"On Cognitive Level Classification of Assessment-items Using Pre-trained BERT-based Model","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392445486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3639233.3639331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3639233.3639331","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3639233.3639331","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2023 7th International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094066181","display_name":"Adnan Saif Dipto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1383-2058"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885507782","display_name":"East West University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p0tzt32","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885507782"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adnan Saif Dipto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East West University, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East West University, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885507782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094066182","display_name":"Md. Mahmudur Rahman Limon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885507782","display_name":"East West University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p0tzt32","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885507782"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Mahmudur Rahman Limon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East West University, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East West University, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885507782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094066183","display_name":"Fatima Tanjum Tuba","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885507782","display_name":"East West University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p0tzt32","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885507782"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatima Tanjum Tuba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East West University, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East West University, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885507782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048193428","display_name":"Md. Mohsin Uddin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2098-4118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885507782","display_name":"East West University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p0tzt32","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885507782"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Mohsin Uddin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East West University, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East West University, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885507782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072551095","display_name":"Musharrat Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8320-1087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885507782","display_name":"East West University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p0tzt32","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885507782"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Saddam Hossain Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East West University, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East West University, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885507782"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065981854","display_name":"Rashedul Amin Tuhin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1360-3700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885507782","display_name":"East West University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p0tzt32","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885507782"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rashedul Amin Tuhin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East West University, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East West University, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885507782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5094066181"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885507782"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9583,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82752065,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"245","last_page":"251"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12884","display_name":"Educational Assessment and Pedagogy","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12884","display_name":"Educational Assessment and Pedagogy","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14025","display_name":"Educational Technology and Assessment","score":0.9700999855995178,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.7619215250015259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7045336961746216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6053810119628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.5747427940368652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5428358316421509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5289549827575684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.5277678966522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.49842214584350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popularity","display_name":"Popularity","score":0.48256149888038635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/f1-score","display_name":"F1 score","score":0.43124523758888245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.16703879833221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.10552191734313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09444499015808105}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.7619215250015259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7045336961746216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6053810119628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5747427940368652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5428358316421509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5289549827575684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5277678966522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.49842214584350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.48256149888038635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148524875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6975395","display_name":"F1 score","level":2,"score":0.43124523758888245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.16703879833221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.10552191734313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09444499015808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3639233.3639331","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3639233.3639331","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2023 7th International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1829577139","https://openalex.org/W1964405501","https://openalex.org/W2518241345","https://openalex.org/W2941131786","https://openalex.org/W2963749678","https://openalex.org/W2984376566","https://openalex.org/W2989409993","https://openalex.org/W2999913532","https://openalex.org/W3021175879","https://openalex.org/W3036745049","https://openalex.org/W3080359515","https://openalex.org/W3106184835","https://openalex.org/W3127649552","https://openalex.org/W3128513378","https://openalex.org/W3184304603","https://openalex.org/W3201889554","https://openalex.org/W4200575492","https://openalex.org/W4220956908","https://openalex.org/W4224468222","https://openalex.org/W4225525539","https://openalex.org/W4226115663","https://openalex.org/W4281667098","https://openalex.org/W4285106051","https://openalex.org/W4285778212","https://openalex.org/W4297474252","https://openalex.org/W4352989714","https://openalex.org/W4360869901","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6810370753"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368605798","https://openalex.org/W2518037665","https://openalex.org/W2348524959","https://openalex.org/W2477036161","https://openalex.org/W2368049389","https://openalex.org/W2384861574","https://openalex.org/W4294565801","https://openalex.org/W2170801710","https://openalex.org/W2952704802","https://openalex.org/W4287854475"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Outcome":[0],"based":[1,210],"education":[2],"(OBE)":[3],"is":[4,24,151,208],"gaining":[5],"popularity":[6],"nowadays":[7],"due":[8],"to":[9,40,70,110,146,245,262,279,286],"its":[10],"effectiveness":[11],"in":[12,47,142,303],"preparing":[13],"learners":[14],"for":[15],"their":[16,111],"future":[17],"roles":[18],"as":[19,29,264],"active":[20],"participants.":[21],"Bloom's":[22,49,82,121],"taxonomy":[23],"a":[25,38,101],"well-known":[26],"educational":[27,292],"model":[28,102,166,194,220,251,258,270],"it":[30,187],"helps":[31,51],"implement":[32,280],"the":[33,59,67,72,77,117,127,152,155,192,196,200,229,246,249,257,265,275,287,296],"OBE.":[34,281],"It":[35],"offers":[36],"teachers":[37],"tool":[39],"encourage":[41],"progressive":[42],"thinking":[43],"and":[44,55,81,93,123,134,163,182,203,215,291,300],"intellectual":[45],"development":[46],"students.":[48],"Taxonomy":[50,122],"categorize":[52,106],"cognitive":[53,60,78,112,118],"skills":[54],"learning":[56,96,174],"objectives,":[57],"while":[58],"level":[61,79],"classification":[62,80,266],"of":[63,120,158,224,228,289,298],"assessment":[64,107,277,293,306],"items":[65,108,278],"determines":[66],"complexity":[68],"needed":[69],"complete":[71],"assessment.":[73],"By":[74,170],"using":[75],"both":[76],"Taxonomy,":[83],"educators":[84,273],"can":[85,104,259],"create":[86],"assessments":[87],"that":[88,103,191,256],"accurately":[89,105,304],"measure":[90],"students'":[91],"abilities":[92],"target":[94],"specific":[95],"outcomes.":[97],"This":[98,254],"paper":[99,115],"proposes":[100],"according":[109],"complexity.":[113],"The":[114,206,217,268],"utilizes":[116],"domains":[119],"focuses":[124],"specifically":[125],"on":[126,211],"first":[128,153],"four":[129],"levels:":[130],"remembering,":[131],"understanding,":[132],"applying,":[133],"analysing.":[135],"Some":[136],"previous":[137],"attempts":[138],"have":[139,167],"been":[140,168,189],"made":[141],"this":[143,150,283],"field":[144,288],"but,":[145],"our":[147],"best":[148],"knowledge,":[149],"time":[154],"Bidirectional":[156,180],"architecture":[157],"Deep":[159],"Learning":[160],"(DL)":[161],"algorithms":[162,178,231],"BERT-based":[164,184,218],"Transformer":[165,185,219],"used.":[169],"comparing":[171],"several":[172],"machine":[173],"(ML)":[175],"algorithms,":[176],"DL":[177,204,301],"with":[179,274],"layers":[181],"pre-trained":[183],"model,":[186,248],"has":[188,221],"found":[190],"BERT":[193],"scores":[195],"highest":[197],"among":[198],"all":[199],"other":[201,230],"ML":[202,299],"algorithms.":[205],"performance":[207],"evaluated":[209],"accuracy,":[212],"precision,":[213],"recall,":[214],"F1-score.":[216],"an":[222],"accuracy":[223],"89%,":[225],"where":[226],"some":[227],"performed":[232],"considerably":[233],"well":[234],"(BiLSTM:":[235],"84%,":[236],"LSTM:":[237],"83%,":[238,240],"BiGRU:":[239],"RF:":[241],"83%).":[242],"Also,":[243],"compared":[244],"state-of-the-art":[247],"transformer":[250],"scored":[252],"higher.":[253],"suggests":[255],"be":[260],"used":[261],"deploy":[263],"model.":[267],"developed":[269],"will":[271],"help":[272],"exact":[276],"Overall,":[282],"research":[284],"contributes":[285],"NLP":[290],"by":[294],"demonstrating":[295],"potential":[297],"approaches":[302],"classifying":[305],"items.":[307]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}