{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401863680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3637528.3671722","title":"Is Aggregation the Only Choice? Federated Learning via Layer-wise Model Recombination","display_name":"Is Aggregation the Only Choice? Federated Learning via Layer-wise Model Recombination","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401863680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3637528.3671722"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3637528.3671722","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3637528.3671722","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 30th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/9507","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017425520","display_name":"Ming Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5058-4660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ming Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003720636","display_name":"Zhihao Yue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0955-9049"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihao Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084396416","display_name":"Xiaofei Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1288-6502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofei Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101337374","display_name":"Cheng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9094-0869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036183844","display_name":"Yihao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5784-770X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yihao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030210439","display_name":"Xian Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9566-7814"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xian Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026993561","display_name":"Xiang Lian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7681-3807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149910238","display_name":"Kent State University","ror":"https://ror.org/049pfb863","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Lian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100355692","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-9215"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025413633","display_name":"Mingsong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3922-0989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingsong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017425520"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3901,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97039404,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1096","last_page":"1107"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11612","display_name":"Stochastic Gradient Optimization Techniques","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.6855745911598206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6430108547210693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recombination","display_name":"Recombination","score":0.6112772822380066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.15105897188186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.11298373341560364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.09520220756530762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.06484684348106384}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.6855745911598206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6430108547210693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156695909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3373825","display_name":"Recombination","level":3,"score":0.6112772822380066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.15105897188186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.11298373341560364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09520220756530762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.06484684348106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3637528.3671722","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3637528.3671722","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 30th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ink.library.smu.edu.sg:sis_research-10507","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/9507","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401925","display_name":"Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge (InK) (Singapore Management University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","host_organization_name":"Singapore Management University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3637528.3671722","raw_type":"Conference Proceeding Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ink.library.smu.edu.sg:sis_research-10507","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/9507","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401925","display_name":"Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge (InK) (Singapore Management University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","host_organization_name":"Singapore Management University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3637528.3671722","raw_type":"Conference Proceeding Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2767079719","https://openalex.org/W3035453001","https://openalex.org/W3038022836","https://openalex.org/W3047304572","https://openalex.org/W3088573320","https://openalex.org/W3090930411","https://openalex.org/W3092873005","https://openalex.org/W3112044954","https://openalex.org/W3117482727","https://openalex.org/W3126765304","https://openalex.org/W3137605545","https://openalex.org/W3167262308","https://openalex.org/W3206152539","https://openalex.org/W4309080560","https://openalex.org/W4309872119","https://openalex.org/W4312517097","https://openalex.org/W4312634912","https://openalex.org/W4364322486","https://openalex.org/W4385767365","https://openalex.org/W4386075560","https://openalex.org/W4386083155","https://openalex.org/W4393156150","https://openalex.org/W4396757542","https://openalex.org/W6759238902"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2001833591","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W1993689095","https://openalex.org/W2057407197","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"Federated":[1,57],"Learning":[2],"(FL)":[3],"enables":[4],"global":[5,91,192],"model":[6,251],"training":[7,185],"Xiaofei":[8],"Xie":[9],"xfxie@smu.edu.sg":[10],"Singapore":[11,15],"Management":[12],"University":[13,22,31],"Singapore,":[14],"Xian":[16],"Wei":[17],"xwei@sei.ecnu.edu.cn":[18],"East":[19,28],"China":[20,24,29,33],"Normal":[21,30],"Shanghai,":[23,32],"Mingsong":[25],"Chen\u2217":[26],"mschen@sei.ecnu.edu.cn":[27],"\u2022":[34],"Computing":[35],"methodologies":[36],"\u2192":[37],"Distributed":[38],"artificial":[39],"intelligence.":[40],"across":[41],"clients":[42,74,187],"without":[43,269],"compromising":[44],"their":[45],"raw":[46],"data,":[47],"due":[48],"to":[49,76,147,152,178],"the":[50,63,99,103,108,149,165,195,198,205,235,243,248,266,271],"unevenly":[51],"distributed":[52],"data":[53,71],"among":[54,73],"clients,":[55],"existing":[56],"Averaging":[58],"(FedAvg)-based":[59],"methods":[60],"suffer":[61],"from":[62,110],"problem":[64],"of":[65,80,98,144,176,197,222,250,273],"low":[66],"inference":[67,267],"performance.":[68],"Specifically,":[69],"different":[70,214],"distributions":[72],"lead":[75],"various":[77],"optimization":[78],"directions":[79],"local":[81,84,170,184,209],"models.":[82],"Aggregating":[83],"models":[85,151,171,182,210,217,231],"usually":[86],"results":[87,254],"in":[88,120,163,213,224,234],"a":[89,111,115,121,126,131,156,219,225],"low-generalized":[90],"model,":[92],"which":[93],"performs":[94],"worse":[95],"on":[96,186],"most":[97],"clients.":[100],"To":[101],"address":[102],"above":[104],"issue,":[105],"inspired":[106],"by":[107,172],"observation":[109],"geometric":[112],"perspective":[113],"that":[114],"well-generalized":[116],"solution":[117],"is":[118,146,202],"located":[119,212,233],"flat":[122,157,226,237],"area":[123,196,201],"rather":[124,188],"than":[125,189,204],"sharp":[127,206],"area,":[128,207,238],"we":[129],"propose":[130],"novel":[132],"and":[133],"heuristic":[134],"FL":[135,260],"paradigm":[136],"named":[137],"FedMR":[138,145,262],"(Federated":[139],"Model":[140],"Recombination).":[141],"The":[142],"goal":[143],"guide":[148],"recombined":[150,181,216,230],"be":[153],"trained":[154],"towards":[155,242],"area.":[158,227],"Unlike":[159],"conventional":[160],"FedAvg-based":[161],"methods,":[162,261],"FedMR,":[164],"cloud":[166],"server":[167],"recombines":[168],"collected":[169],"shuffling":[173],"each":[174,274],"layer":[175],"them":[177],"generate":[179],"multiple":[180],"for":[183],"an":[190],"aggregated":[191],"model.":[193],"Since":[194],"f":[199],"lat":[200],"larger":[203],"when":[208],"are":[211,232,240],"areas,":[215],"have":[218],"higher":[220],"probability":[221],"locating":[223],"When":[228],"all":[229],"same":[236,244],"they":[239],"optimized":[241],"direction.":[245],"Wetheoretically":[246],"analyze":[247],"convergence":[249],"recombination.":[252],"Experimental":[253],"show":[255],"that,":[256],"compared":[257],"with":[258],"state-of-the-art":[259],"can":[263],"significantly":[264],"improve":[265],"accuracy":[268],"exposing":[270],"privacy":[272],"client.":[275]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-17T18:11:37.981687","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}