{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389572555","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3637226","title":"Estimating Uncertainty in Labeled Changes by SZZ Tools on Just-In-Time Defect Prediction","display_name":"Estimating Uncertainty in Labeled Changes by SZZ Tools on Just-In-Time Defect Prediction","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389572555","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3637226"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3637226","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3637226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018071549","display_name":"Shikai Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8554-6365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shikai Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102791442","display_name":"Dongmin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6489-8541"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongmin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101433919","display_name":"Lin Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3219-1131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101582309","display_name":"Sijia Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2943-4113"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sijia Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100418997","display_name":"Rong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5848-6398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100423958","display_name":"Hui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1923-0669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100328758","display_name":"Xiaochen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5068-1938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaochen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002119636","display_name":"He Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8674-4948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018071549"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6099,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94021383,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8550140261650085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.6392160654067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6283018589019775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6143757104873657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.581321656703949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5812357664108276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.5647022128105164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5625036954879761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5469104051589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.531254231929779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-modelling","display_name":"Predictive modelling","score":0.49249133467674255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.4801308810710907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4235343933105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.2358681559562683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8550140261650085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.6392160654067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6283018589019775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6143757104873657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.581321656703949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5812357664108276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.5647022128105164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5625036954879761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5469104051589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.531254231929779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45804977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239673","display_name":"Predictive modelling","level":2,"score":0.49249133467674255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.4801308810710907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4235343933105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.2358681559562683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3637226","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3637226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G162595793","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"313202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G176526034","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3132023255, 3132023257, DUT22RC(3)028, DUT22ZD101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2376276132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2802911279","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Young","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3427093674","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62032004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020255992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4038182655","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"132023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G463676432","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3132023257","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4967282160","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3132023255","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5859880835","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"02079","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6007899901","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62202079","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6058138561","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6242089131","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61902050","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6522560203","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62032004, 61902050, 62202079","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6820025974","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZD101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7836423780","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Liaoning","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8022484762","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DUT22ZD101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327404","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1655956671","https://openalex.org/W1978859404","https://openalex.org/W2007705030","https://openalex.org/W2034841618","https://openalex.org/W2051978688","https://openalex.org/W2083352779","https://openalex.org/W2101227285","https://openalex.org/W2104329051","https://openalex.org/W2118978333","https://openalex.org/W2125999269","https://openalex.org/W2126166995","https://openalex.org/W2135198476","https://openalex.org/W2143637886","https://openalex.org/W2146338950","https://openalex.org/W2147386665","https://openalex.org/W2150874999","https://openalex.org/W2157353183","https://openalex.org/W2172232422","https://openalex.org/W2296719434","https://openalex.org/W2530824252","https://openalex.org/W2548915941","https://openalex.org/W2599212561","https://openalex.org/W2608239929","https://openalex.org/W2796283679","https://openalex.org/W2955991060","https://openalex.org/W2964279097","https://openalex.org/W2988966271","https://openalex.org/W2990019157","https://openalex.org/W3011013751","https://openalex.org/W3083081996","https://openalex.org/W3105867435","https://openalex.org/W3124320665","https://openalex.org/W3161979618","https://openalex.org/W3165585536","https://openalex.org/W3175995826","https://openalex.org/W3202129885","https://openalex.org/W4244259635","https://openalex.org/W4247854836","https://openalex.org/W4287367293","https://openalex.org/W6685395104"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2383111961","https://openalex.org/W2365952365","https://openalex.org/W2352448290","https://openalex.org/W2380820513","https://openalex.org/W2913146933","https://openalex.org/W2372385138","https://openalex.org/W4296359239","https://openalex.org/W2101155126","https://openalex.org/W2043093291","https://openalex.org/W2363545964"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,101,137,163],"aim":[1],"of":[2,28,86,117,127,133,140,204,213],"Just-In-Time":[3],"(JIT)":[4],"defect":[5,46],"prediction":[6,135],"is":[7,40],"to":[8,15,58,73,76,190],"predict":[9],"software":[10,29,33],"changes":[11,36,215],"that":[12,37,67,226],"are":[13],"prone":[14],"defects":[16],"in":[17,20,44,173],"a":[18,21,41,77,151,197,211],"project":[19],"timely":[22],"manner,":[23],"thereby":[24],"improving":[25],"the":[26,52,74,83,87,95,114,125,131,134,174,178,182,193,202,223,230],"efficiency":[27],"development":[30],"and":[31,48,55,104,120,123,149,187,195,222],"ensuring":[32],"quality.":[34],"Identifying":[35],"introduce":[38,71],"bugs":[39],"critical":[42],"task":[43],"just-in-time":[45],"prediction,":[47],"researchers":[49],"have":[50],"introduced":[51],"SZZ":[53,69],"approach":[54],"its":[56],"variants":[57],"label":[59],"these":[60],"changes.":[61],"However,":[62],"it":[63],"has":[64],"been":[65],"shown":[66],"different":[68],"algorithms":[70],"noise":[72,188,194],"dataset":[75],"certain":[78],"extent,":[79],"which":[80],"may":[81,109],"reduce":[82],"predictive":[84],"performance":[85,132,203],"model.":[88,100,136,199],"To":[89],"address":[90],"this":[91],"limitation,":[92],"we":[93],"propose":[94],"Confident":[96],"Learning":[97,147],"Imbalance":[98],"(CLI)":[99],"model":[102,206,228],"identifies":[103],"excludes":[105],"samples":[106],"whose":[107],"labels":[108,119,189],"be":[110],"corrupted":[111],"by":[112],"estimating":[113],"joint":[115],"distribution":[116],"noisy":[118,128,144],"true":[121],"labels,":[122],"mitigates":[124],"impact":[126],"data":[129,145,157],"on":[130,210],"CLI":[138],"consists":[139],"two":[141],"components:":[142],"identifying":[143],"(Confident":[146],"Component)":[148],"generating":[150],"predicted":[152,168,184],"probability":[153,185],"matrix":[154,186],"for":[155,170],"imbalanced":[156],"(Imbalanced":[158],"Data":[159],"Probabilistic":[160],"Prediction":[161],"Component).":[162],"IDPP":[164],"component":[165,180],"generates":[166],"precise":[167],"probabilities":[169],"each":[171],"instance":[172],"training":[175],"set,":[176],"while":[177],"CL":[179],"uses":[181],"generated":[183],"clean":[191],"up":[192],"build":[196],"classification":[198],"We":[200],"evaluate":[201],"our":[205,227],"through":[207],"extensive":[208],"experiments":[209],"total":[212],"126,526":[214],"from":[216],"ten":[217],"Apache":[218],"open":[219],"source":[220],"projects,":[221],"results":[224],"show":[225],"outperforms":[229],"baseline":[231],"methods.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
