{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403796106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3636534.3690696","title":"Demystifying Privacy in 5G Stand Alone Networks","display_name":"Demystifying Privacy in 5G Stand Alone Networks","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403796106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3636534.3690696"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3636534.3690696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3636534.3690696","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.17700","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023509042","display_name":"Stavros Eleftherakis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802499160","display_name":"IMDEA Networks","ror":"https://ror.org/04mm9fg30","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105140100","https://openalex.org/I2802499160"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stavros Eleftherakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMDEA Networks Institute, Madrid, Spain","Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMDEA Networks Institute, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802499160"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027602720","display_name":"Timothy Otim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8813-9186"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802499160","display_name":"IMDEA Networks","ror":"https://ror.org/04mm9fg30","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105140100","https://openalex.org/I2802499160"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Otim","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMDEA Networks Institute, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMDEA Networks Institute, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802499160"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032557565","display_name":"Giuseppe Santaromita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2285-9903"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802499160","display_name":"IMDEA Networks","ror":"https://ror.org/04mm9fg30","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105140100","https://openalex.org/I2802499160"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Santaromita","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMDEA Networks Institute, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMDEA Networks Institute, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802499160"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079084670","display_name":"Almudena D\u00edaz Zayas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1226-6135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82767444","display_name":"Universidad de M\u00e1laga","ror":"https://ror.org/036b2ww28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Almudena D\u00edaz Zayas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070594563","display_name":"Domenico Giustiniano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802499160","display_name":"IMDEA Networks","ror":"https://ror.org/04mm9fg30","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105140100","https://openalex.org/I2802499160"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Domenico Giustiniano","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMDEA Networks Institute, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMDEA Networks Institute, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802499160"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049671186","display_name":"Nicolas Kourtellis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5674-1698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134591","display_name":"Telefonica Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/03qgzzb04","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097190","https://openalex.org/I4210134591"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolas Kourtellis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Telefonica Research, Barcelona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Telefonica Research, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134591"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023509042"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802499160","https://openalex.org/I50357001"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.6132,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96526297,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1330","last_page":"1345"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7180795669555664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-partnership","display_name":"General partnership","score":0.5991308689117432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5931686162948608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.48538458347320557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.4446646273136139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core-network","display_name":"Core network","score":0.4353892207145691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.434851735830307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.43457847833633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","score":0.4110586941242218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3072587549686432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.26965832710266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.15087461471557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.10661002993583679}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7180795669555664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71750763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q646164","display_name":"General partnership","level":2,"score":0.5991308689117432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5931686162948608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.48538458347320557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.4446646273136139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5038329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142907","display_name":"Core network","level":2,"score":0.4353892207145691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.434851735830307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.43457847833633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.4110586941242218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3072587549686432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.26965832710266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.15087461471557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.10661002993583679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3636534.3690696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3636534.3690696","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2409.17700","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2409.17700","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.17700","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.13960742","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13960742","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":""},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.13969120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13969120","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2409.17700","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2409.17700","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.17700","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.5099999904632568}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2111961145","display_name":"Efficient, portabLe And Secure orchesTration for reliable servICes","funder_award_id":"101139067","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5881503230","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101096435","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7077154747","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101021808","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8318064016","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403796106.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403796106.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W379589745","https://openalex.org/W1600234042","https://openalex.org/W2027888517","https://openalex.org/W2042280942","https://openalex.org/W2045673642","https://openalex.org/W2093972407","https://openalex.org/W2094093382","https://openalex.org/W2112207969","https://openalex.org/W2122653500","https://openalex.org/W2137898377","https://openalex.org/W2153699550","https://openalex.org/W2163408553","https://openalex.org/W2287724167","https://openalex.org/W2412816217","https://openalex.org/W2474779295","https://openalex.org/W2513545923","https://openalex.org/W2589507437","https://openalex.org/W2597059464","https://openalex.org/W2735651122","https://openalex.org/W2770765205","https://openalex.org/W2792636363","https://openalex.org/W2794045175","https://openalex.org/W2809727329","https://openalex.org/W2810853030","https://openalex.org/W2898696511","https://openalex.org/W2932741641","https://openalex.org/W2945154566","https://openalex.org/W2946045894","https://openalex.org/W2946618605","https://openalex.org/W2963139382","https://openalex.org/W2964004871","https://openalex.org/W2968746919","https://openalex.org/W2969545733","https://openalex.org/W2983195505","https://openalex.org/W2987215725","https://openalex.org/W3029680783","https://openalex.org/W3104003168","https://openalex.org/W3157712399","https://openalex.org/W3162273152","https://openalex.org/W3176721475","https://openalex.org/W3177044699","https://openalex.org/W3195330633","https://openalex.org/W3212616196","https://openalex.org/W4200405708","https://openalex.org/W4229066873","https://openalex.org/W4248377795","https://openalex.org/W4287122280","https://openalex.org/W4353095441","https://openalex.org/W4382396178","https://openalex.org/W4382396276","https://openalex.org/W4385080324","https://openalex.org/W4386424778","https://openalex.org/W4390508437"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2739852106","https://openalex.org/W1986755814","https://openalex.org/W585428044","https://openalex.org/W2578322776","https://openalex.org/W2378276451","https://openalex.org/W2507403529","https://openalex.org/W2094995007","https://openalex.org/W1970095541","https://openalex.org/W2393335510","https://openalex.org/W3100679886"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ensuring":[0],"user":[1],"privacy":[2,40,92,108,130],"remains":[3,52],"critical":[4],"in":[5,42,59,86],"mobile":[6],"networks,":[7,89],"particularly":[8],"with":[9],"the":[10,32,47,74,107,123,134],"rise":[11],"of":[12,49,110],"connected":[13],"devices":[14],"and":[15,26,77,83,132,139],"denser":[16],"5G":[17,43,60,81,129],"infrastructure.":[18],"Privacy":[19],"concerns":[20],"have":[21],"persisted":[22],"across":[23],"2G,":[24],"3G,":[25],"4G/LTE":[27],"networks.":[28],"Recognizing":[29],"these":[30],"concerns,":[31],"3rd":[33],"Generation":[34],"Partnership":[35],"Project":[36],"(3GPP)":[37],"has":[38],"made":[39],"enhancements":[41,93],"Release":[44],"15.":[45],"However,":[46],"extent":[48],"operator":[50,88],"adoption":[51],"unclear,":[53],"especially":[54],"as":[55],"most":[56],"networks":[57],"operate":[58],"Non":[61],"Stand":[62,84],"Alone":[63,85],"(NSA)":[64],"mode,":[65],"relying":[66],"on":[67,91,100],"4G":[68],"Core":[69],"Networks.":[70],"This":[71],"study":[72],"provides":[73],"first":[75],"qualitative":[76],"experimental":[78],"comparison":[79],"between":[80],"NSA":[82],"real":[87,119],"focusing":[90],"addressing":[94],"top":[95],"8":[96],"pre-5G":[97],"attacks":[98],"based":[99],"recent":[101],"academic":[102],"literature.":[103],"Also,":[104],"it":[105],"evaluates":[106],"levels":[109],"OpenAirInterface,":[111],"a":[112],"leading":[113],"open-source":[114],"software":[115],"for":[116,122,136],"5G,":[117],"against":[118],"network":[120],"deployments":[121],"same":[124],"attacks,":[125],"revealing":[126],"two":[127],"new":[128],"vulnerabilities,":[131],"underscoring":[133],"need":[135],"further":[137],"studies":[138],"stricter":[140],"standards.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
