{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389307142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3635715","title":"Ethics in the Age of AI: An Analysis of AI Practitioners\u2019 Awareness and Challenges","display_name":"Ethics in the Age of AI: An Analysis of AI Practitioners\u2019 Awareness and Challenges","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389307142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3635715"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3635715","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3635715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031030083","display_name":"Aastha Pant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6183-0492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aastha Pant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6183-0492","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036986396","display_name":"Rashina Hoda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5147-8096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rashina Hoda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5147-8096","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044661391","display_name":"Simone V. Spiegler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1234-827X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simone V. Spiegler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1234-827X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081449581","display_name":"Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5516-9984"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5516-9984","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044710601","display_name":"Burak Turhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1511-2163"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Burak Turhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1511-2163","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.2148,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99185448,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"35"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-ethics","display_name":"Engineering ethics","score":0.5407161712646484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-ethics","display_name":"Information ethics","score":0.5226866006851196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-ethics","display_name":"Applied ethics","score":0.48176121711730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethical-issues","display_name":"Ethical issues","score":0.4266570210456848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3641650080680847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3592539429664612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1021038293838501}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.5407161712646484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93474598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662553","display_name":"Information ethics","level":2,"score":0.5226866006851196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59377095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538733","display_name":"Applied ethics","level":2,"score":0.48176121711730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986663376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9465","display_name":"Ethical issues","level":2,"score":0.4266570210456848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3641650080680847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3592539429664612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1021038293838501}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3635715","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3635715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320971","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W30112180","https://openalex.org/W171406816","https://openalex.org/W1981594402","https://openalex.org/W2091728013","https://openalex.org/W2587468166","https://openalex.org/W2592549567","https://openalex.org/W2786242872","https://openalex.org/W2891525068","https://openalex.org/W2897312458","https://openalex.org/W2899367046","https://openalex.org/W2946265931","https://openalex.org/W2953522645","https://openalex.org/W2963231271","https://openalex.org/W2980545514","https://openalex.org/W2984185127","https://openalex.org/W2985543011","https://openalex.org/W2999331643","https://openalex.org/W3001465270","https://openalex.org/W3003385079","https://openalex.org/W3006568433","https://openalex.org/W3006630858","https://openalex.org/W3014401499","https://openalex.org/W3017344077","https://openalex.org/W3030202390","https://openalex.org/W3041469552","https://openalex.org/W3044633941","https://openalex.org/W3082577432","https://openalex.org/W3086535845","https://openalex.org/W3093702258","https://openalex.org/W3100046612","https://openalex.org/W3100990580","https://openalex.org/W3105829331","https://openalex.org/W3127647499","https://openalex.org/W3127748525","https://openalex.org/W3129762210","https://openalex.org/W3130771988","https://openalex.org/W3141666254","https://openalex.org/W3158479996","https://openalex.org/W3159960173","https://openalex.org/W3161846800","https://openalex.org/W3174750614","https://openalex.org/W3175297548","https://openalex.org/W3188061053","https://openalex.org/W3196804154","https://openalex.org/W4214930039","https://openalex.org/W4226099958","https://openalex.org/W4242937284","https://openalex.org/W4288359825","https://openalex.org/W4291213652","https://openalex.org/W4294001524","https://openalex.org/W4297239116","https://openalex.org/W4306405526","https://openalex.org/W4323897059","https://openalex.org/W4327521754","https://openalex.org/W4396673246"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987721955","https://openalex.org/W3008947587","https://openalex.org/W2386390545","https://openalex.org/W2911852084","https://openalex.org/W2357986026","https://openalex.org/W2351051585","https://openalex.org/W4213136562","https://openalex.org/W153116910","https://openalex.org/W3152561232","https://openalex.org/W1543450350"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ethics":[0],"in":[1,13,87,145,158,192],"AI":[2,30,46,50,62,78,82,93,103,113,150,155,188,196],"has":[3],"become":[4],"a":[5,73,106],"debated":[6],"topic":[7],"of":[8,29,81,102,112,134,161],"public":[9],"and":[10,32,64,69,84,120,125,172,183,190],"expert":[11],"discourse":[12],"recent":[14],"years.":[15],"But":[16],"what":[17],"do":[18],"people":[19],"who":[20],"build":[21],"AI\u2014AI":[22],"practitioners\u2014have":[23],"to":[24,60,117,148,186],"say":[25],"about":[26,67],"their":[27,85],"understanding":[28,77],"ethics":[31,51,83,194],"the":[33,40,57,61,100,110,128,132,159],"challenges":[34,86,153],"associated":[35],"with":[36,109],"incorporating":[37,88,193],"it":[38],"into":[39,195],"AI-based":[41,163],"systems":[42,63,164],"they":[43,55],"develop?":[44],"Understanding":[45],"practitioners\u2019":[47,79,94],"views":[48],"on":[49,91],"is":[52],"important":[53],"as":[54],"are":[56],"ones":[58],"closest":[59],"can":[65],"bring":[66],"changes":[68],"improvements.":[70],"We":[71,176],"conducted":[72],"survey":[74],"aimed":[75],"at":[76],"awareness":[80],"ethics.":[89,151],"Based":[90],"100":[92],"responses,":[95],"our":[96],"findings":[97],"indicate":[98],"that":[99,131,154],"majority":[101,133],"practitioners":[104,147,156,189],"had":[105],"reasonable":[107],"familiarity":[108],"concept":[111],"ethics,":[114],"primarily":[115],"due":[116],"workplace":[118],"rules":[119],"policies":[121],".":[122],"Privacy":[123],"protection":[124],"security":[126],"was":[127,141],"ethical":[129,162],"principle":[130],"them":[135],"were":[136],"aware":[137],"of.":[138],"Formal":[139],"education/training":[140],"considered":[142],"somewhat":[143],"helpful":[144],"preparing":[146],"incorporate":[149],"The":[152],"faced":[157],"development":[160],"included":[165],"(i)":[166],"general":[167],"challenges,":[168,171],"(ii)":[169],"technology-related":[170],"(iii)":[173],"human-related":[174],"challenges.":[175],"also":[177],"identified":[178],"areas":[179],"needing":[180],"further":[181],"investigation":[182],"provided":[184],"recommendations":[185],"assist":[187],"companies":[191],"development.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":28}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}