{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388946128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3633520","title":"Responsible Recommendation Services with Blockchain Empowered Asynchronous Federated Learning","display_name":"Responsible Recommendation Services with Blockchain Empowered Asynchronous Federated Learning","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388946128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3633520"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3633520","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3633520","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3633520","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492086750","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology","issn_l":"2157-6904","issn":["2157-6904","2157-6912"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3633520","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078153506","display_name":"Waqar Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0846-7281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131342","display_name":"Yibin University","ror":"https://ror.org/03w8m2977","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131342"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Waqar Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sichuan Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Yibin Park, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Yibin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sichuan Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Yibin Park, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Yibin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131342","https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071564241","display_name":"Rajesh Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0813-7485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018263800","display_name":"Huzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mvpxy20","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018263800"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajesh Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018263800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024298278","display_name":"Xiangmin Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangmin Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Technologies, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Technologies, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072350518","display_name":"Jie Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2615-1555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China and Sichuan Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China and Sichuan Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078153506"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711","https://openalex.org/I4210131342"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0739,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89780139,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11612","display_name":"Stochastic Gradient Optimization Techniques","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.9025877118110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.7571513652801514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.6115720272064209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.608802318572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-point-of-failure","display_name":"Single point of failure","score":0.5020291805267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.4335172176361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4227829575538635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.37420472502708435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3343427777290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.29043224453926086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2782098948955536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9025877118110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.7571513652801514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.6115720272064209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.608802318572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165136773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363179","display_name":"Single point of failure","level":2,"score":0.5020291805267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.4335172176361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4227829575538635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.37420472502708435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3343427777290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.29043224453926086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2782098948955536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3633520","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3633520","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3633520","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492086750","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology","issn_l":"2157-6904","issn":["2157-6904","2157-6912"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3633520","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3633520","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3633520","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492086750","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology","issn_l":"2157-6904","issn":["2157-6904","2157-6912"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1882737025","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62276047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3030335101","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62276047 and 61832001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4253300795","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61832001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8863666567","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"and No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388946128.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388946128.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W117100801","https://openalex.org/W2080320419","https://openalex.org/W2493343568","https://openalex.org/W2604738573","https://openalex.org/W2605350416","https://openalex.org/W2765741717","https://openalex.org/W2891615971","https://openalex.org/W2901475805","https://openalex.org/W2912083425","https://openalex.org/W2963248893","https://openalex.org/W2969648982","https://openalex.org/W2977914701","https://openalex.org/W3003531175","https://openalex.org/W3044796230","https://openalex.org/W3081273427","https://openalex.org/W3083748269","https://openalex.org/W3113024613","https://openalex.org/W3120721446","https://openalex.org/W3151901001","https://openalex.org/W3156173029","https://openalex.org/W3178746453","https://openalex.org/W3187845168","https://openalex.org/W3190430834","https://openalex.org/W3208235503","https://openalex.org/W3211363347","https://openalex.org/W3215181416","https://openalex.org/W3215514448","https://openalex.org/W4210690077","https://openalex.org/W4213360881","https://openalex.org/W4213390626","https://openalex.org/W4220883012","https://openalex.org/W4221030341","https://openalex.org/W4226021524","https://openalex.org/W4226493408","https://openalex.org/W4281753687","https://openalex.org/W4282027681","https://openalex.org/W4284704722","https://openalex.org/W4286750695","https://openalex.org/W4287023804","https://openalex.org/W4289656845","https://openalex.org/W4290945378","https://openalex.org/W4293211913","https://openalex.org/W4295299032","https://openalex.org/W4321479992","https://openalex.org/W4366572502","https://openalex.org/W4378364155","https://openalex.org/W4382239710","https://openalex.org/W4384655830","https://openalex.org/W4384656507","https://openalex.org/W4385562543","https://openalex.org/W4385567698","https://openalex.org/W4385568227","https://openalex.org/W4385568387"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W3048554917","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W3195581271","https://openalex.org/W4290996300"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Privacy":[0],"and":[1,47,50,126,199,227],"trust":[2],"are":[3,21,160],"highly":[4],"demanding":[5],"in":[6,54,62,96,115],"practical":[7,63],"recommendation":[8,69,216],"engines.":[9],"Although":[10],"Federated":[11],"Learning":[12],"(FL)":[13],"has":[14,37],"significantly":[15],"addressed":[16],"privacy":[17],"concerns,":[18],"commercial":[19],"operators":[20],"still":[22],"worried":[23],"about":[24],"several":[25,38],"technical":[26],"challenges":[27,61],"while":[28],"bringing":[29],"FL":[30,36,56,76,88,149],"into":[31,123,202],"production.":[32],"In":[33,86,154,175],"addition,":[34],"classical":[35],"intrinsic":[39],"operational":[40],"limitations":[41],"such":[42],"as":[43],"single-point":[44],"failure,":[45],"data":[46],"model":[48,113,145,167],"tampering,":[49],"heterogenic":[51],"clients":[52],"participating":[53],"the":[55,141,148,156,164,189,215,225],"process.":[57],"To":[58],"address":[59],"these":[60],"recommenders,":[64],"we":[65,90],"propose":[66],"a":[67,103,116,132,136,169,196,203,231],"responsible":[68,161],"generation":[70],"framework":[71],"based":[72],"on":[73,209,218],"blockchain-empowered":[74],"asynchronous":[75],"that":[77,187,214],"can":[78],"be":[79],"adopted":[80],"for":[81,151],"any":[82],"model-based":[83],"recommender":[84],"system.":[85],"standard":[87,226],"settings,":[89,177],"build":[91],"an":[92,111,178,184],"additional":[93,179],"aggregation":[94,108],"layer":[95],"which":[97],"multiple":[98],"trusted":[99,157],"nodes":[100],"guided":[101],"by":[102,131],"mediator":[104,120,180],"component":[105,181],"perform":[106],"gradient":[107],"to":[109,147,162,168,171],"achieve":[110],"optimal":[112],"locally":[114],"parallel":[117],"fashion.":[118],"The":[119],"partitions":[121],"users":[122],"K":[124],"clusters,":[125],"each":[127,192],"cluster":[128,133,137,142,158,193],"is":[129,221],"represented":[130],"head.":[134],"Once":[135],"gets":[138],"semi-global":[139,166],"convergence,":[140],"head":[143],"transmits":[144],"gradients":[146],"server":[150],"global":[152],"aggregation.":[153],"addition":[155],"heads":[159],"submit":[163],"converged":[165],"blockchain":[170],"ensure":[172],"tamper":[173],"resilience.":[174],"our":[176],"works":[182],"like":[183],"independent":[185],"observer":[186],"monitors":[188],"performance":[190,217],"of":[191,230],"head,":[194],"updates":[195],"reward":[197],"score,":[198],"records":[200],"it":[201],"digital":[204],"ledger.":[205],"Finally,":[206],"evaluation":[207],"results":[208],"three":[210],"diversified":[211],"benchmarks":[212],"illustrate":[213],"selected":[219],"measures":[220],"considerably":[222],"comparable":[223],"with":[224],"federated":[228],"version":[229],"well-known":[232],"neural":[233],"collaborative":[234],"filtering":[235],"recommender.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
