{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390677234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3631311.3632400","title":"Understanding Container Isolation","display_name":"Understanding Container Isolation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390677234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3631311.3632400"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3631311.3632400","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3631311.3632400","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3631311.3632400","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Container Technologies and Container Clouds","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3631311.3632400","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093669402","display_name":"Naman Bhaia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0814-2591"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150356","display_name":"University of Washington Tacoma","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8t2628","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naman Bhaia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Tacoma, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0814-2591","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Tacoma, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012172477","display_name":"Ling\u2010Hong Hung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5209-2248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150356","display_name":"University of Washington Tacoma","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8t2628","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling-Hong Hung","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Tacoma, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5209-2248","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Tacoma, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018340406","display_name":"Robert Cordingly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9199-4973"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150356","display_name":"University of Washington Tacoma","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8t2628","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Cordingly","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Tacoma, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9199-4973","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Tacoma, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021815916","display_name":"Wes Lloyd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2021-8501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150356","display_name":"University of Washington Tacoma","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8t2628","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wes Lloyd","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Tacoma, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2021-8501","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Tacoma, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150356"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"7","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/container","display_name":"Container (type theory)","score":0.8636274337768555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.8175123333930969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-portability","display_name":"Software portability","score":0.810879111289978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7884271740913391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isolation","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","score":0.7504388093948364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6255471110343933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.47049593925476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.42903241515159607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.4212139844894409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.36408597230911255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3559769093990326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.35550761222839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.16064926981925964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09678077697753906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781018962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164884","display_name":"Container (type theory)","level":2,"score":0.8636274337768555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.8175123333930969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63000827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3080428","display_name":"Software portability","level":2,"score":0.810879111289978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7884271740913391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775941552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25212305","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","level":2,"score":0.7504388093948364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6255471110343933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.47049593925476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.42903241515159607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.4212139844894409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.36408597230911255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3559769093990326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.35550761222839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.16064926981925964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09678077697753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3631311.3632400","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3631311.3632400","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3631311.3632400","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Container Technologies and Container Clouds","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3631311.3632400","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3631311.3632400","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3631311.3632400","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Container Technologies and Container Clouds","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390677234.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390677234.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1959671196","https://openalex.org/W1982812618","https://openalex.org/W2050621158","https://openalex.org/W2169631286","https://openalex.org/W3010301034","https://openalex.org/W3027998731","https://openalex.org/W3028287888","https://openalex.org/W3089769067","https://openalex.org/W3119574277","https://openalex.org/W3165207904","https://openalex.org/W4206975705"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W107105315","https://openalex.org/W1584537303","https://openalex.org/W4388155270","https://openalex.org/W4367156293","https://openalex.org/W2750549761","https://openalex.org/W1872724644","https://openalex.org/W28826848","https://openalex.org/W2122272819","https://openalex.org/W2994151208","https://openalex.org/W2130894091"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Containers":[0],"have":[1],"become":[2],"a":[3],"popular":[4],"method":[5],"of":[6,43,66],"deploying":[7],"and":[8,17,33,47,52,73],"managing":[9],"applications":[10],"due":[11],"to":[12,27,61,86],"their":[13],"lightweight":[14],"nature,":[15],"scalability,":[16],"portability.":[18],"However,":[19],"as":[20],"container":[21,49],"technologies":[22],"evolve,":[23],"it":[24],"is":[25],"important":[26],"understand":[28],"new":[29],"implications":[30],"for":[31],"performance":[32,42,75,82],"resource":[34],"isolation.":[35],"In":[36],"this":[37],"paper,":[38],"we":[39],"compare":[40],"the":[41,44],"runc,":[45],"crun,":[46,79],"runsc":[48],"runtimes":[50,59],"standalone":[51],"in":[53],"parallel.":[54],"We":[55],"found":[56],"that":[57],"all":[58],"struggled":[60],"isolate":[62],"identical":[63],"memory":[64],"operations":[65],"concurrent":[67,88],"containers.":[68,89],"Runsc":[69],"had":[70],"higher":[71],"overhead":[72],"lower":[74],"than":[76],"runc":[77],"or":[78],"but":[80],"less":[81],"loss":[83],"when":[84],"scaling":[85],"40":[87]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
