{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399363642","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3630106.3658960","title":"Automated Transparency: A Legal and Empirical Analysis of the Digital Services Act Transparency Database","display_name":"Automated Transparency: A Legal and Empirical Analysis of the Digital Services Act Transparency Database","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399363642","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3630106.3658960"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3630106.3658960","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3630106.3658960","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3630106.3658960","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2024 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3630106.3658960","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051458180","display_name":"Rishabh Kaushal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-7802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","display_name":"Maastricht University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143260","display_name":"Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women","ror":"https://ror.org/057c5p638","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143260"]}],"countries":["IN","NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rishabh Kaushal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University, Netherlands and Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University, Netherlands and Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143260","https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078917054","display_name":"Jacob van de Kerkhof","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6797-559X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Van De Kerkhof","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Law, Economics and Governance, Utrecht University, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, Economics and Governance, Utrecht University, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084695889","display_name":"C\u0103t\u0103lina Goan\u021b\u0103","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1044-9800"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catalina Goanta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Law, Economics and Governance, Utrecht University, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, Economics and Governance, Utrecht University, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010354377","display_name":"Gerasimos Spanakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-0241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","display_name":"Maastricht University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerasimos Spanakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Advanced Computing Sciences, Maastricht University, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Advanced Computing Sciences, Maastricht University, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007419039","display_name":"Adriana Iamnitchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2397-8963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","display_name":"Maastricht University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adriana Iamnitchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051458180"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34352273","https://openalex.org/I4210143260"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8652,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95560345,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1121","last_page":"1132"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transparency","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","score":0.9059235453605652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accountability","display_name":"Accountability","score":0.6346848011016846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accounting","display_name":"Accounting","score":0.6178804039955139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discretion","display_name":"Discretion","score":0.5214006900787354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commission","display_name":"Commission","score":0.5026757717132568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5001933574676514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderation","display_name":"Moderation","score":0.469498872756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-union","display_name":"European union","score":0.410758376121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.37330561876296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3315995931625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.22936728596687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.1846916675567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.15768226981163025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.1211111843585968}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.9059235453605652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.6346848011016846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.6178804039955139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777632292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q315515","display_name":"Discretion","level":2,"score":0.5214006900787354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776034101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509347","display_name":"Commission","level":2,"score":0.5026757717132568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5001933574676514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93225998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941972","display_name":"Moderation","level":2,"score":0.469498872756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.410758376121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.37330561876296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3315995931625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.22936728596687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1846916675567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.15768226981163025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.1211111843585968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3630106.3658960","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3630106.3658960","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3630106.3658960","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2024 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl:openaire/416125eb-6697-471b-bcbd-2eaaa33cd36a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/en/publications/416125eb-6697-471b-bcbd-2eaaa33cd36a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402616","display_name":"Research Publications (Maastricht University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","host_organization_name":"Maastricht University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kaushal, R, Van De Kerkhof, J, Goanta, C, Spanakis, G & Iamnitchi, A 2024, Automated Transparency : A Legal and Empirical Analysis of the Digital Services Act Transparency Database. in 2024 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, FAccT 2024. Association for Computing Machinery, Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, FAccT, pp. 1121-1132, 2024 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, FAccT 2024, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 3/06/24. https://doi.org/10.1145/3630106.3658960","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3630106.3658960","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3630106.3658960","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3630106.3658960","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2024 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399363642.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2791217004","https://openalex.org/W2800596622","https://openalex.org/W2908084374","https://openalex.org/W2955731755","https://openalex.org/W2989364584","https://openalex.org/W2997400962","https://openalex.org/W3008694996","https://openalex.org/W3036998917","https://openalex.org/W3121238880","https://openalex.org/W4210987596","https://openalex.org/W4283160555","https://openalex.org/W4319300755","https://openalex.org/W4384103844","https://openalex.org/W4396844279"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2740268725","https://openalex.org/W3093710306","https://openalex.org/W750217911","https://openalex.org/W2494121465","https://openalex.org/W4206949499","https://openalex.org/W4377233172","https://openalex.org/W2296969234","https://openalex.org/W4226254121","https://openalex.org/W3199802296","https://openalex.org/W3092193093"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,93],"Digital":[1],"Services":[2],"Act":[3],"(DSA)":[4],"is":[5,61],"a":[6,28,62,98,169,186],"much":[7],"awaited":[8],"platforms":[9,47,174],"liability":[10],"reform":[11],"in":[12,31,72,80,90,101,175,196],"the":[13,24,40,43,81,87,108,120,131,135,163,190],"European":[14,88],"Union":[15],"that":[16,152],"was":[17],"adopted":[18],"on":[19,50],"1":[20],"November":[21,197],"2022":[22],"with":[23],"ambition":[25],"to":[26,48,68,128,137,140,150,199],"set":[27],"global":[29],"example":[30],"terms":[32,176],"of":[33,56,122,171,177,189],"accountability":[34],"and":[35,104,147,201],"transparency.":[36],"Among":[37],"other":[38],"obligations,":[39],"DSA":[41,82,94,136],"emphasizes":[42],"need":[44],"for":[45,168],"online":[46],"report":[49],"their":[51],"content":[52,204],"moderation":[53,205],"decisions":[54],"(\u2018statements":[55],"reasons\u2019":[57],"-":[58],"SoRs),":[59],"which":[60],"novel":[63],"transparency":[64,71,110,142,157,178],"mechanism":[65],"we":[66,184],"refer":[67],"as":[69,116,118,162],"automated":[70],"this":[73],"study.":[74],"SoRs":[75],"are":[76,155],"currently":[77],"made":[78],"available":[79],"Transparency":[83,95,132,191],"Database,":[84],"launched":[85],"by":[86],"Commission":[89],"September":[91],"2023.":[92],"Database":[96,133,192],"marks":[97],"historical":[99],"achievement":[100],"platform":[102,123,203],"governance,":[103],"allows":[105,167],"investigations":[106],"about":[107],"actual":[109],"gains,":[111,158],"both":[112],"at":[113,119],"structure":[114,166],"level":[115,121],"well":[117],"compliance.":[124],"This":[125],"study":[126],"aims":[127],"understand":[129],"whether":[130],"helps":[134],"live":[138],"up":[139],"its":[141],"promises.":[143],"We":[144],"use":[145],"legal":[146],"empirical":[148,182],"arguments":[149],"show":[151],"while":[153],"there":[154],"some":[156],"compliance":[159],"remains":[160],"problematic,":[161],"current":[164],"database":[165],"lot":[170],"discretion":[172],"from":[173],"practices.":[179,206],"In":[180],"our":[181],"study,":[183],"analyze":[185],"representative":[187],"sample":[188],"(131m":[193],"SoRs)":[194],"submitted":[195],"2023,":[198],"characterise":[200],"evaluate":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
