{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399363642","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3630106.3658960","title":"Automated Transparency: A Legal and Empirical Analysis of the Digital Services Act Transparency Database","display_name":"Automated Transparency: A Legal and Empirical Analysis of the Digital Services Act Transparency Database","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399363642","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3630106.3658960"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3630106.3658960","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3630106.3658960","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3630106.3658960","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2024 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3630106.3658960","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051458180","display_name":"Rishabh Kaushal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-7802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","display_name":"Maastricht University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143260","display_name":"Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women","ror":"https://ror.org/057c5p638","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143260"]}],"countries":["IN","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rishabh Kaushal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University, Netherlands and Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-7802","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University, Netherlands and Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34352273","https://openalex.org/I4210143260"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078917054","display_name":"Jacob van de Kerkhof","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6797-559X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Van De Kerkhof","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Law, Economics and Governance, Utrecht University, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6797-559X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, Economics and Governance, Utrecht University, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084695889","display_name":"C\u0103t\u0103lina Goan\u021b\u0103","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1044-9800"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catalina Goanta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Law, Economics and Governance, Utrecht University, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1044-9800","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, Economics and Governance, Utrecht University, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010354377","display_name":"Gerasimos Spanakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-0241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","display_name":"Maastricht University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerasimos Spanakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Advanced Computing Sciences, Maastricht University, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-0241","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Advanced Computing Sciences, Maastricht University, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007419039","display_name":"Adriana Iamnitchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2397-8963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","display_name":"Maastricht University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adriana Iamnitchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2397-8963","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.6761,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9814633,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1121","last_page":"1132"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transparency","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","score":0.9059235453605652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accountability","display_name":"Accountability","score":0.6346848011016846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accounting","display_name":"Accounting","score":0.6178804039955139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discretion","display_name":"Discretion","score":0.5214006900787354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commission","display_name":"Commission","score":0.5026757717132568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5001933574676514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderation","display_name":"Moderation","score":0.469498872756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-union","display_name":"European union","score":0.410758376121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.37330561876296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3315995931625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.22936728596687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.1846916675567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.15768226981163025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.1211111843585968}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.9059235453605652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.6346848011016846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.6178804039955139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777632292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q315515","display_name":"Discretion","level":2,"score":0.5214006900787354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776034101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509347","display_name":"Commission","level":2,"score":0.5026757717132568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5001933574676514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93225998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941972","display_name":"Moderation","level":2,"score":0.469498872756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.410758376121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.37330561876296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3315995931625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.22936728596687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1846916675567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.15768226981163025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.1211111843585968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3630106.3658960","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3630106.3658960","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3630106.3658960","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2024 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl:openaire_cris_publications/416125eb-6697-471b-bcbd-2eaaa33cd36a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/en/publications/416125eb-6697-471b-bcbd-2eaaa33cd36a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402616","display_name":"Research Publications (Maastricht University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","host_organization_name":"Maastricht University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3630106.3658960","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3630106.3658960","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3630106.3658960","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2024 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399363642.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2791217004","https://openalex.org/W2800596622","https://openalex.org/W2908084374","https://openalex.org/W2955731755","https://openalex.org/W2989364584","https://openalex.org/W2997400962","https://openalex.org/W3008694996","https://openalex.org/W3036998917","https://openalex.org/W3121238880","https://openalex.org/W4210987596","https://openalex.org/W4283160555","https://openalex.org/W4319300755","https://openalex.org/W4384103844","https://openalex.org/W4396844279"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2740268725","https://openalex.org/W3093710306","https://openalex.org/W750217911","https://openalex.org/W2494121465","https://openalex.org/W4206949499","https://openalex.org/W4377233172","https://openalex.org/W2296969234","https://openalex.org/W4226254121","https://openalex.org/W3199802296","https://openalex.org/W3092193093"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,93],"Digital":[1],"Services":[2],"Act":[3],"(DSA)":[4],"is":[5,61],"a":[6,28,62,98,169,186],"much":[7],"awaited":[8],"platforms":[9,47,174],"liability":[10],"reform":[11],"in":[12,31,72,80,90,101,175,196],"the":[13,24,40,43,81,87,108,120,131,135,163,190],"European":[14,88],"Union":[15],"that":[16,152],"was":[17],"adopted":[18],"on":[19,50],"1":[20],"November":[21,197],"2022":[22],"with":[23],"ambition":[25],"to":[26,48,68,128,137,140,150,199],"set":[27],"global":[29],"example":[30],"terms":[32,176],"of":[33,56,122,171,177,189],"accountability":[34],"and":[35,104,147,201],"transparency.":[36],"Among":[37],"other":[38],"obligations,":[39],"DSA":[41,82,94,136],"emphasizes":[42],"need":[44],"for":[45,168],"online":[46],"report":[49],"their":[51],"content":[52,204],"moderation":[53,205],"decisions":[54],"(\u2018statements":[55],"reasons\u2019":[57],"-":[58],"SoRs),":[59],"which":[60],"novel":[63],"transparency":[64,71,110,142,157,178],"mechanism":[65],"we":[66,184],"refer":[67],"as":[69,116,118,162],"automated":[70],"this":[73],"study.":[74],"SoRs":[75],"are":[76,155],"currently":[77],"made":[78],"available":[79],"Transparency":[83,95,132,191],"Database,":[84],"launched":[85],"by":[86],"Commission":[89],"September":[91],"2023.":[92],"Database":[96,133,192],"marks":[97],"historical":[99],"achievement":[100],"platform":[102,123,203],"governance,":[103],"allows":[105,167],"investigations":[106],"about":[107],"actual":[109],"gains,":[111,158],"both":[112],"at":[113,119],"structure":[114,166],"level":[115,121],"well":[117],"compliance.":[124],"This":[125],"study":[126],"aims":[127],"understand":[129],"whether":[130],"helps":[134],"live":[138],"up":[139],"its":[141],"promises.":[143],"We":[144],"use":[145],"legal":[146],"empirical":[148,182],"arguments":[149],"show":[151],"while":[153],"there":[154],"some":[156],"compliance":[159],"remains":[160],"problematic,":[161],"current":[164],"database":[165],"lot":[170],"discretion":[172],"from":[173],"practices.":[179,206],"In":[180],"our":[181],"study,":[183],"analyze":[185],"representative":[187],"sample":[188],"(131m":[193],"SoRs)":[194],"submitted":[195],"2023,":[198],"characterise":[200],"evaluate":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T01:25:22.217667","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}