{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389154949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3630049.3630171","title":"Detecting Contextual Network Anomalies with Graph Neural Networks","display_name":"Detecting Contextual Network Anomalies with Graph Neural Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389154949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3630049.3630171"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3630049.3630171","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3630049.3630171","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd on Graph Neural Networking Workshop 2023","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2312.06342","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103172855","display_name":"Hamid Latif-Mart\u00ednez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-3175"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Latif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-3175","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012286685","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Su\u00e1rez\u2010Varela","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7141-3414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097190","display_name":"Telef\u00f3nica (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/012f7tj07","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097190"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Su\u00e1rez-Varela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Telef\u00f3nica Research, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7141-3414","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Telef\u00f3nica Research, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091745795","display_name":"Albert Cabellos\u2010Aparicio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9329-7584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Albert Cabellos-Aparicio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9329-7584","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004121136","display_name":"Pere Barlet\u2010Ros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7837-0886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pere Barlet-Ros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7837-0886","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1338,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80153186,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"25","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.7523501515388489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7501275539398193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ewma-chart","display_name":"EWMA chart","score":0.6411678791046143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","score":0.5893060564994812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5616630911827087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5387625694274902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4954577684402466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4836372137069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4833902418613434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.34363529086112976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.12561827898025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.07917502522468567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07166662812232971}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.7523501515388489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7501275539398193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74746147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5324652","display_name":"EWMA chart","level":4,"score":0.6411678791046143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12997251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567560","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5893060564994812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5616630911827087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5387625694274902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4954577684402466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4836372137069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4833902418613434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.34363529086112976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.12561827898025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.07917502522468567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07166662812232971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196985124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369242","display_name":"Control chart","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3630049.3630171","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3630049.3630171","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd on Graph Neural Networking Workshop 2023","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2312.06342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2312.06342","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2312.06342","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/417044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2117/417044","pdf_url":"https://upcommons.upc.edu/bitstreams/d69cf735-faa0-4135-8204-e7ebd120db1c/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196262","display_name":"UPCommons institutional repository (Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","host_organization_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2312.06342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2312.06342","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2312.06342","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2262748287","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2406092791","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101017109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4042783231","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4865226722","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2020-118011GB-C21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7084143925","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7535663061","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7842005466","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322121","display_name":"Instituci\u00f3 Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avan\u00e7ats","ror":"https://ror.org/0371hy230"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389154949.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389154949.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966809779","https://openalex.org/W2014145720","https://openalex.org/W2058118558","https://openalex.org/W2107878631","https://openalex.org/W2118931532","https://openalex.org/W2157578436","https://openalex.org/W2278186031","https://openalex.org/W2293322640","https://openalex.org/W2608911009","https://openalex.org/W2766964711","https://openalex.org/W2805516822","https://openalex.org/W2913856657","https://openalex.org/W2999639431","https://openalex.org/W3009746682","https://openalex.org/W3105771448","https://openalex.org/W3111499798","https://openalex.org/W3113506750","https://openalex.org/W3152893301","https://openalex.org/W3169450514","https://openalex.org/W3191490876","https://openalex.org/W3204263062","https://openalex.org/W4225539031","https://openalex.org/W4281385944","https://openalex.org/W4283659112","https://openalex.org/W4285723986","https://openalex.org/W4289821985"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2806741695","https://openalex.org/W4290647774","https://openalex.org/W3189286258","https://openalex.org/W3207797160","https://openalex.org/W3210364259","https://openalex.org/W4300558037","https://openalex.org/W2912112202","https://openalex.org/W2667207928","https://openalex.org/W4377864969","https://openalex.org/W2972971679"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Detecting":[0],"anomalies":[1,68,104,124,132,171],"on":[2,55,69],"network":[3,43,56,151],"traffic":[4,15,27,44,57,67],"is":[5],"a":[6,61,85,119,140,150],"complex":[7],"task":[8,95],"due":[9],"to":[10,112],"the":[11,23,35,49,93,103,116,131,167,170,181],"massive":[12],"amount":[13],"of":[14,26,37,121,143,169,180,183],"flows":[16],"in":[17],"today's":[18],"networks,":[19],"as":[20,22,51],"well":[21],"highly-dynamic":[24],"nature":[25],"over":[28],"time.":[29],"In":[30,72],"this":[31],"paper,":[32],"we":[33,75,128,165],"propose":[34,60],"use":[36,76],"Graph":[38],"Neural":[39],"Networks":[40],"(GNN)":[41],"for":[42,92,125],"anomaly":[45,53],"detection.":[46],"We":[47],"formulate":[48],"problem":[50],"contextual":[52],"detection":[54],"measurements,":[58],"and":[59,83,137],"custom":[62],"GNN-based":[63],"solution":[64,108],"that":[65,102,139,176],"detects":[66],"origin-destination":[70],"flows.":[71],"our":[73,107,135],"evaluation,":[74],"real-world":[77],"data":[78],"from":[79],"Abilene":[80],"(6":[81],"months),":[82],"make":[84],"comparison":[86],"with":[87,154,158],"other":[88],"widely":[89],"used":[90],"methods":[91],"same":[94],"(PCA,":[96],"EWMA,":[97],"RNN).":[98],"The":[99],"results":[100],"show":[101],"detected":[105,133],"by":[106,115,134,149],"are":[109,177],"quite":[110,178],"complementary":[111],"those":[113],"captured":[114],"baselines":[117],"(with":[118],"max.":[120],"36.33%":[122],"overlapping":[123],"PCA).":[126],"Moreover,":[127],"manually":[129],"inspect":[130],"method,":[136],"find":[138],"large":[141],"portion":[142],"them":[144],"can":[145],"be":[146],"visually":[147],"validated":[148],"expert":[152],"(64%":[153],"high":[155],"confidence,":[156,160],"18%":[157,161],"mid":[159],"normal":[162],"traffic).":[163],"Lastly,":[164],"analyze":[166],"characteristics":[168],"through":[172],"two":[173],"paradigmatic":[174],"cases":[175],"representative":[179],"bulk":[182],"anomalies.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-16T09:24:06.705377","created_date":"2023-11-30T00:00:00"}