{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389366337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3628797.3628949","title":"Black-Box Adversarial Attacks Against Language Model Detector","display_name":"Black-Box Adversarial Attacks Against Language Model Detector","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389366337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3628797.3628949"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3628797.3628949","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3628797.3628949","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Information and Communication Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102000646","display_name":"Huyen Ha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8527-4434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94518387","display_name":"Hanoi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyv3z04","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94518387"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huyen Ha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bach Khoa Cybersecurity Center, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Viet Nam"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bach Khoa Cybersecurity Center, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Viet Nam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94518387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026992540","display_name":"Duc Tran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7251-3516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94518387","display_name":"Hanoi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyv3z04","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94518387"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duc Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bach Khoa Cybersecurity Center, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Viet Nam"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bach Khoa Cybersecurity Center, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Viet Nam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94518387"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083157217","display_name":"Dukyun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6918-968X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94518387","display_name":"Hanoi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyv3z04","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94518387"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dukyun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bach Khoa Cybersecurity Center, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bach Khoa Cybersecurity Center, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94518387"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102000646"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94518387"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.174,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5891039,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"754","last_page":"760"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9746999740600586,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9473000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.8874557018280029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7330998778343201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.690732479095459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.5909850597381592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.5558694005012512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.5375006198883057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5082923769950867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.4665645658969879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-machine-learning","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","score":0.4120934009552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.4113013744354248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3784914016723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11443248391151428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08458554744720459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.8874557018280029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7330998778343201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.690732479095459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.5909850597381592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5558694005012512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.5375006198883057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5082923769950867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4665645658969879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778403875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20312394","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","level":3,"score":0.4120934009552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.4113013744354248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3784914016723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11443248391151428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08458554744720459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3628797.3628949","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3628797.3628949","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Information and Communication Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2949128310","https://openalex.org/W2962818281","https://openalex.org/W2996851481","https://openalex.org/W6778883912"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3048732067","https://openalex.org/W4383468834","https://openalex.org/W4384648009","https://openalex.org/W4303645823","https://openalex.org/W4285263558","https://openalex.org/W2900159906","https://openalex.org/W4287828318","https://openalex.org/W2406556600","https://openalex.org/W4283221438","https://openalex.org/W2899811703"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Language":[1],"Model":[2],"(LM)":[3],"Detector":[4,49],"has":[5],"gained":[6],"attention":[7],"for":[8],"its":[9],"remarkable":[10],"performance":[11,121],"in":[12],"detecting":[13],"machine-generated":[14],"texts.":[15],"It":[16],"however":[17],"remains":[18],"unclear":[19],"how":[20],"this":[21,30,36],"detector":[22],"would":[23],"perform":[24],"against":[25,50],"different":[26],"adversarial":[27,53,94,125],"attacks.":[28],"In":[29],"paper,":[31],"we":[32],"aim":[33],"to":[34,111,123],"address":[35],"question":[37],"by":[38],"conducting":[39],"a":[40,59,85],"systematic":[41],"analysis":[42],"on":[43],"the":[44,47,66,71,82,89,99,113],"resilience":[45],"of":[46,84],"LM":[48,100],"eight":[51],"black-box":[52],"attack":[54,90,114,126],"methods.":[55,127],"We":[56],"also":[57],"propose":[58],"new":[60],"technique,":[61],"called":[62],"StrictPWWS":[63,117],"that":[64,81,96],"introduces":[65],"semantic":[67],"similarity":[68],"constraint":[69],"into":[70],"conventional":[72],"Probability":[73],"Weighted":[74],"Word":[75],"Saliency":[76],"(PWWS).":[77],"Our":[78],"finding":[79],"reveals":[80],"selection":[83],"search":[86],"algorithm":[87],"helps":[88],"methods":[91],"generate":[92],"better":[93],"samples":[95],"can":[97],"bypass":[98],"Detector.":[101],"Moreover,":[102],"tightening":[103],"linguistic":[104],"constraints":[105],"emerges":[106],"as":[107],"an":[108],"effective":[109],"way":[110],"improve":[112],"success":[115],"rate.":[116],"demonstrates":[118],"achieving":[119],"superior":[120],"compared":[122],"other":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}