{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390280101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3626641.3626925","title":"Comparison of Deep Learning Methods in Detecting Hate Speech in Indonesian Tweets","display_name":"Comparison of Deep Learning Methods in Detecting Hate Speech in Indonesian Tweets","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390280101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3626641.3626925"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3626641.3626925","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3626641.3626925","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Sustainable Information Engineering and Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044153560","display_name":"Dwija Wisnu Brata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1754-6466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166843116","display_name":"Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kbmmt89","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dwija Wisnu Brata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia and \rDepartment of Information System, Brawijaya University, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1754-6466","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia and \rDepartment of Information System, Brawijaya University, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005663779","display_name":"Arif Djunaidy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6078-5610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166843116","display_name":"Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kbmmt89","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arif Djunaidy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information System, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6078-5610","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information System, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008798505","display_name":"Daniel Siahaan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6560-2975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166843116","display_name":"Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kbmmt89","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Oranova Siahaan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Institut teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6560-2975","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Institut teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1632,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5904369,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"58","last_page":"63"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8063992261886597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6015293002128601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5724354386329651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.5597323775291443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.5292821526527405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.5064281225204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.5052276253700256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.47918522357940674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crawling","display_name":"Crawling","score":0.4706494212150574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voice-activity-detection","display_name":"Voice activity detection","score":0.4655711352825165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.44515544176101685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.43372756242752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentiment-analysis","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","score":0.4257567822933197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3102162778377533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-processing","display_name":"Speech processing","score":0.27401411533355713}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8063992261886597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6015293002128601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5724354386329651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.5597323775291443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.5292821526527405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.5064281225204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.5052276253700256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.47918522357940674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100368936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411725","display_name":"Crawling","level":2,"score":0.4706494212150574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204201278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332614","display_name":"Voice activity detection","level":3,"score":0.4655711352825165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.44515544176101685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.43372756242752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66402592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271421","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","level":2,"score":0.4257567822933197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3102162778377533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61328038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358061","display_name":"Speech processing","level":2,"score":0.27401411533355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3626641.3626925","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3626641.3626925","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Sustainable Information Engineering and Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2493916176","https://openalex.org/W2963624952","https://openalex.org/W2980748755","https://openalex.org/W3017367042","https://openalex.org/W3021546923","https://openalex.org/W3043817335","https://openalex.org/W3092141763","https://openalex.org/W3126639583","https://openalex.org/W3132488078","https://openalex.org/W3156473985","https://openalex.org/W4206032683","https://openalex.org/W4300613830","https://openalex.org/W4321064476"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4393220254","https://openalex.org/W4321258516","https://openalex.org/W2051833850","https://openalex.org/W4287845917","https://openalex.org/W3156164993","https://openalex.org/W2385015894","https://openalex.org/W2171573941","https://openalex.org/W4225315139","https://openalex.org/W3128402741","https://openalex.org/W2078418570"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hate":[0],"speech":[1,17,36,51,116],"has":[2],"negative":[3],"effects":[4],"on":[5,29,37,54,154],"both":[6],"the":[7,11,140,143,167],"targeted":[8],"victims":[9],"and":[10,75,87,129,160,163],"listeners.":[12],"The":[13,32,134],"dissemination":[14],"of":[15,34,63],"hate":[16,35,50,115],"can":[18,41],"occur":[19],"not":[20],"only":[21],"physically":[22],"or":[23],"verbally,":[24],"but":[25],"also":[26],"in":[27,46,117],"writing":[28],"social":[30,38],"media.":[31],"emergence":[33],"media":[39],"platforms":[40],"be":[42],"difficult":[43],"to":[44,97,112],"identify":[45,113],"written":[47],"communication.":[48],"Currently,":[49],"detection":[52],"relies":[53],"machine":[55],"learning.":[56],"This":[57],"study":[58],"generates":[59],"a":[60],"vector":[61],"representation":[62],"words":[64],"using":[65],"three":[66,105],"pre-trained":[67],"word":[68],"insertion":[69],"models:":[70],"Global":[71],"Vectors":[72],"(GloVe),":[73],"FastText,":[74],"Bidirectional":[76,120],"Encoder":[77],"Representations":[78],"from":[79],"Transformers":[80],"(BERT).":[81],"Synthetic":[82],"Minority":[83],"Oversampling":[84],"Technique":[85],"(SMOTE)":[86],"Random":[88],"Over":[89],"Sampling":[90],"(ROS)":[91],"were":[92,110,151],"utilized":[93],"as":[94],"balancing":[95],"methods":[96],"rectify":[98],"data":[99,141,147],"imbalance":[100],"between":[101],"classes.":[102],"In":[103],"addition,":[104],"distinct":[106],"deep":[107],"learning":[108],"architectures":[109],"used":[111],"sentence-level":[114],"Indonesian":[118],"tweets:":[119],"Long":[121],"Sort-Term":[122],"Memory":[123],"(BiLSTM),":[124],"Convolution":[125],"Neural":[126,131],"Network":[127,132],"(CNN),":[128],"Recurrent":[130],"(RNN).":[133],"dataset":[135],"was":[136],"collected":[137],"by":[138],"crawling":[139],"via":[142],"Twitter":[144],"API.":[145],"After":[146],"underwent":[148],"preprocessing,":[149],"characteristics":[150],"extracted.":[152],"Based":[153],"experimental":[155],"results,":[156],"classifiers":[157],"employing":[158],"RNN":[159],"BERT":[161],"embedding":[162],"utilizing":[164],"SMOTE":[165],"produced":[166],"most":[168],"accurate":[169],"results":[170],"(95.5%).":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
