{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387398394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3626313","title":"Defect Categorization in Compilers: A Multi-vocal Literature Review","display_name":"Defect Categorization in Compilers: A Multi-vocal Literature Review","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387398394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3626313"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3626313","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3626313","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3626313","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157921468","display_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","issn_l":"0360-0300","issn":["0360-0300","1557-7341"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3626313","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069063267","display_name":"Akond Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5056-757X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82497590","display_name":"Auburn University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v80fc35","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akond Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Auburn University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5056-757X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Auburn University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075831460","display_name":"Dibyendu Brinto Bose","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1603-3574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dibyendu Brinto Bose","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Tech, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1603-3574","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049836304","display_name":"Farhat Lamia Barsha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1657-6798"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63920570","display_name":"Tennessee Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drmrq39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farhat Lamia Barsha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tennessee Technological University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1657-6798","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tennessee Technological University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063389690","display_name":"Rahul Pandita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7466-2985"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahul Pandita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Github, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7466-2985","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Github, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.242,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95713874,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"42"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.9426648616790771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8704686164855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5675234794616699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.417473703622818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.36454668641090393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33129531145095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.9426648616790771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8704686164855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5675234794616699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.417473703622818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.36454668641090393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33129531145095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3626313","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3626313","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3626313","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157921468","display_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","issn_l":"0360-0300","issn":["0360-0300","1557-7341"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3626313","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3626313","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3626313","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157921468","display_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","issn_l":"0360-0300","issn":["0360-0300","1557-7341"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2397431852","display_name":"Collaborative Research: SaTC: TTP: Small: eSLIC: Enhanced Security Static Analysis for Detecting Insecure Configuration Scripts","funder_award_id":"2247141","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3594984352","display_name":"Authentic Learning Modules for DevOps Security Education","funder_award_id":"2310179","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7194083521","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2247141, 2310179, and 2312321","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8031784425","display_name":"SHF: Small: Resilient Operations for Deployment Units Used in Container Orchestration","funder_award_id":"2312321","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309904","display_name":"Auburn University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v80fc35"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387398394.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387398394.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W274842145","https://openalex.org/W1491178396","https://openalex.org/W1642473876","https://openalex.org/W1975675278","https://openalex.org/W1979050135","https://openalex.org/W2011044158","https://openalex.org/W2017425457","https://openalex.org/W2018718238","https://openalex.org/W2038475703","https://openalex.org/W2107249747","https://openalex.org/W2109156518","https://openalex.org/W2157657084","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W2249862487","https://openalex.org/W2345039647","https://openalex.org/W2390518826","https://openalex.org/W2503060256","https://openalex.org/W2523518582","https://openalex.org/W2523794976","https://openalex.org/W2530895108","https://openalex.org/W2554187354","https://openalex.org/W2565032187","https://openalex.org/W2576494997","https://openalex.org/W2583209614","https://openalex.org/W2735864825","https://openalex.org/W2753691335","https://openalex.org/W2807298173","https://openalex.org/W2808279976","https://openalex.org/W2850992922","https://openalex.org/W2883411629","https://openalex.org/W2901712628","https://openalex.org/W2922320079","https://openalex.org/W3008321987","https://openalex.org/W3015193297","https://openalex.org/W3090625769","https://openalex.org/W3090643686","https://openalex.org/W3090882944","https://openalex.org/W3094094693","https://openalex.org/W3113205478","https://openalex.org/W3124767051","https://openalex.org/W3126096841","https://openalex.org/W3138592144","https://openalex.org/W3153841236","https://openalex.org/W3160783671","https://openalex.org/W3161614605","https://openalex.org/W3173035584","https://openalex.org/W3196239222","https://openalex.org/W3205605633","https://openalex.org/W3210030168","https://openalex.org/W4200180082","https://openalex.org/W4238083723","https://openalex.org/W4250310298","https://openalex.org/W4365801718"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3096456556","https://openalex.org/W4240253816","https://openalex.org/W2169584677","https://openalex.org/W2979513934","https://openalex.org/W2171648479","https://openalex.org/W2132806979","https://openalex.org/W1713081424","https://openalex.org/W1523769955","https://openalex.org/W2245390655","https://openalex.org/W188282463"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Context:":[0],"Compilers":[1],"are":[2],"the":[3,34,60,117,147],"fundamental":[4],"tools":[5],"for":[6,132,149],"software":[7,21],"development.":[8],"Thus,":[9],"compiler":[10,99],"defects":[11,25,36,47,63,114,120,155],"can":[12,28,42],"disrupt":[13],"development":[14],"productivity":[15],"and":[16,31,39,73,93,134,151],"propagate":[17],"errors":[18],"into":[19],"developer-written":[20],"source":[22],"code.":[23],"Categorizing":[24],"in":[26,37,64,121,156],"compilers":[27,38,65,133,157],"inform":[29],"practitioners":[30,150],"researchers":[32,58,152],"about":[33],"existing":[35],"techniques":[40,130],"that":[41,76],"be":[43],"used":[44],"to":[45,56,97,153],"identify":[46,106,154],"systematically.":[48,158],"Objective:":[49],"The":[50],"goal":[51],"of":[52,62,70,80,109],"this":[53],"paper":[54],"is":[55],"help":[57],"understand":[59],"nature":[61],"by":[66],"conducting":[67],"a":[68,85],"review":[69,88],"Internet":[71,95],"artifacts":[72,96,123],"peer-reviewed":[74],"publications":[75,92],"study":[77],"defect":[78,128,141],"characteristics":[79],"compilers.":[81],"Methodology:":[82],"We":[83,125],"conduct":[84],"multi-vocal":[86],"literature":[87],"(MLR)":[89],"with":[90],"26":[91],"32":[94],"characterize":[98],"defects.":[100],"Results:":[101],"From":[102],"our":[103,122],"MLR,":[104],"we":[105],"13":[107],"categories":[108],"defects,":[110],"amongst":[111],"which":[112],"optimization":[113],"have":[115],"been":[116],"most":[118],"reported":[119],"publications.":[124],"observed":[126,140],"15":[127],"identification":[129],"tailored":[131],"no":[135],"single":[136],"technique":[137],"identifying":[138],"all":[139],"categories.":[142],"Conclusion:":[143],"Our":[144],"MLR":[145],"lays":[146],"groundwork":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}