{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4398133959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3626205.3665197","title":"Keynote: A Tale of Two Industroyers: It was the Season of Darkness","display_name":"Keynote: A Tale of Two Industroyers: It was the Season of Darkness","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4398133959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3626205.3665197"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3626205.3665197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3626205.3665197","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th ACM Cyber-Physical System Security Workshop","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-abstract","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016892225","display_name":"\u00c1lvaro A. C\u00e1rdenas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5142-9750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alvaro A. Cardenas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Santa Cruz, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5142-9750","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Santa Cruz, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016892225"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11743","display_name":"Political Economy and Marxism","score":0.05570000037550926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11743","display_name":"Political Economy and Marxism","score":0.05570000037550926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/darkness","display_name":"Darkness","score":0.9028009176254272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.3927484452724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38386526703834534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.17393949627876282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15491819381713867}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779027399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204170","display_name":"Darkness","level":2,"score":0.9028009176254272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.3927484452724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38386526703834534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.17393949627876282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15491819381713867}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3626205.3665197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3626205.3665197","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th ACM Cyber-Physical System Security Workshop","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387497383","https://openalex.org/W3183948672","https://openalex.org/W3173606202","https://openalex.org/W3110381201","https://openalex.org/W2948807893","https://openalex.org/W2778153218","https://openalex.org/W2758277628","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1531601525","https://openalex.org/W4391375266"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,31],"talk,":[2,32],"we":[3,33],"discuss":[4],"the":[5,24,39,42,60,64,67,72,89,92,97],"first":[6],"two":[7],"known":[8],"pieces":[9],"of":[10,45,63,69],"malware":[11,25,53,85],"that":[12,55],"attempted":[13],"to":[14,96],"create":[15],"power":[16,46,73,98],"grid":[17,47,74],"blackouts.":[18],"While":[19],"previous":[20],"research":[21],"had":[22],"described":[23],"at":[26],"a":[27,35],"high":[28],"level,":[29],"in":[30,75,88],"take":[34],"deep":[36],"dive":[37],"into":[38],"payload":[40],"targeting":[41],"operational":[43],"equipment":[44],"networks.":[48],"Our":[49],"findings":[50],"include":[51],"new":[52],"behavior":[54],"was":[56],"not":[57],"previously":[58],"documented,":[59],"software":[61],"bugs":[62],"malware,":[65],"and":[66,91],"evolution":[68],"attacks":[70],"against":[71],"Ukraine.":[76],"We":[77],"end":[78],"our":[79],"talk":[80],"by":[81],"discussing":[82],"how":[83],"similar":[84],"may":[86],"evolve":[87],"future":[90],"risks":[93],"they":[94],"pose":[95],"grid.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}