{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4395668293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3625687.3625786","title":"BIFROST: Reinventing WiFi Signals Based on Dispersion Effect for Accurate Indoor Localization","display_name":"BIFROST: Reinventing WiFi Signals Based on Dispersion Effect for Accurate Indoor Localization","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4395668293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3625687.3625786"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3625687.3625786","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3625687.3625786","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 21st ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3625687.3625786","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102810939","display_name":"Y. Z. Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9384-5915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yimiao Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9384-5915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060129988","display_name":"Yuan He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6676-4009"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6676-4009","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010637475","display_name":"Jiacheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8034-6420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiacheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8034-6420","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102870211","display_name":"Xin Na","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0986-5209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Na","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0986-5209","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044701932","display_name":"Yande Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3518-0927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yande Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3518-0927","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026671302","display_name":"Weiguo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6207-2347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiguo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6207-2347","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101563432","display_name":"Xiuzhen Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8655-8130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiuzhen Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8655-8130","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8583,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85999824,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"376","last_page":"389"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11233","display_name":"Advanced Adaptive Filtering Techniques","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dispersion","display_name":"Dispersion (optics)","score":0.7184696197509766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5342544317245483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.38686659932136536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.37927985191345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.326723575592041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17129215598106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1178051233291626}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177562468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182893","display_name":"Dispersion (optics)","level":2,"score":0.7184696197509766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5342544317245483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.38686659932136536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.37927985191345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.326723575592041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17129215598106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1178051233291626}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3625687.3625786","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3625687.3625786","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 21st ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3625687.3625786","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3625687.3625786","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 21st ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6922054026","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U21B2007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977917536","https://openalex.org/W1983301216","https://openalex.org/W2084575792","https://openalex.org/W2147628505","https://openalex.org/W2526606216","https://openalex.org/W2549177157","https://openalex.org/W2834910512","https://openalex.org/W2904555174","https://openalex.org/W2944778709","https://openalex.org/W2963382921","https://openalex.org/W2982486306","https://openalex.org/W2983426205","https://openalex.org/W3003921919","https://openalex.org/W3021470212","https://openalex.org/W3044785381","https://openalex.org/W3088564578","https://openalex.org/W3093900912","https://openalex.org/W3110146063","https://openalex.org/W3113878582","https://openalex.org/W3148976827","https://openalex.org/W3166438672","https://openalex.org/W3188904992","https://openalex.org/W3191561132","https://openalex.org/W3194370845","https://openalex.org/W3206731182","https://openalex.org/W3209997279","https://openalex.org/W3210294081","https://openalex.org/W4212794911","https://openalex.org/W4221012910","https://openalex.org/W4240102511","https://openalex.org/W4283019340","https://openalex.org/W4285241681","https://openalex.org/W4300519537","https://openalex.org/W4306179646","https://openalex.org/W4308966159","https://openalex.org/W4312886776","https://openalex.org/W4320060019","https://openalex.org/W4380926477","https://openalex.org/W4380926844","https://openalex.org/W4381946528","https://openalex.org/W4383703995","https://openalex.org/W4385248623","https://openalex.org/W4385848543"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2350741829"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"WiFi-based":[0],"device":[1],"localization":[2,63,208,239],"is":[3,37,67,89,104,184,212,215],"a":[4,34,60,76,122,222],"key":[5],"enabling":[6],"technology":[7],"for":[8,56,80,101,151],"smart":[9],"applications,":[10],"which":[11,214],"has":[12],"attracted":[13],"numerous":[14],"research":[15],"studies":[16],"in":[17,65,179,232],"the":[18,23,41,62,108,115,152,156,159,163,174,206,233,238],"past":[19],"decade.":[20],"Most":[21],"of":[22,52,87,111,126,140,210,220],"existing":[24],"approaches":[25],"rely":[26],"on":[27],"Line-of-Sight":[28],"(LoS)":[29],"signals":[30,46,100,112,139],"to":[31,90,96,143,167,186,230],"work,":[32],"while":[33],"critical":[35],"problem":[36],"often":[38],"neglected:":[39],"In":[40,173],"real-world":[42],"indoor":[43,82],"environments,":[44],"WiFi":[45,92],"are":[47,54],"everywhere,":[48],"but":[49],"very":[50],"few":[51],"them":[53],"usable":[55],"accurate":[57,81],"localization.":[58,83,102],"As":[59],"result,":[61],"accuracy":[64],"practice":[66],"far":[68],"from":[69,170],"being":[70],"satisfactory.":[71],"This":[72,103],"paper":[73],"presents":[74],"Bifrost,":[75],"novel":[77],"hardwaresoftware":[78],"co-design":[79],"The":[84,202],"core":[85],"idea":[86],"Bifrost":[88,194,211,229],"reinvent":[91],"signals,":[93],"so":[94],"as":[95],"provide":[97],"sufficient":[98],"LoS":[99],"realized":[105],"by":[106,114,241],"exploiting":[107],"dispersion":[109],"effect":[110],"emitted":[113],"leaky":[116],"wave":[117],"antenna":[118,164],"(LWA).":[119],"We":[120,192],"present":[121],"low-cost":[123],"plug-in":[124],"design":[125],"LWA":[127,137],"that":[128,205,219],"can":[129,236],"generate":[130],"orthogonal":[131],"polarized":[132],"signals:":[133],"On":[134,155],"one":[135],"hand,":[136,158],"disperses":[138],"different":[141,144,171],"frequencies":[142],"angles,":[145],"thus":[146],"providing":[147],"Angle-of-Arrival":[148],"(AoA)":[149],"information":[150,178],"localized":[153],"target.":[154],"other":[157],"target":[160],"further":[161],"leverages":[162],"polarization":[165],"mismatch":[166],"distinguish":[168],"AoAs":[169],"LWAs.":[172],"software":[175],"layer,":[176],"fine-grained":[177],"Channel":[180],"State":[181],"Information":[182],"(CSI)":[183],"exploited":[185],"cope":[187],"with":[188,228],"multipath":[189],"and":[190,195],"noise.":[191],"implement":[193],"evaluate":[196],"its":[197],"performance":[198],"under":[199],"various":[200],"settings.":[201],"results":[203],"show":[204],"median":[207],"error":[209,240],"0.81m,":[213],"52.35%":[216],"less":[217],"than":[218],"SpotFi,":[221,225],"state-of-the-art":[223],"approach.":[224],"when":[226],"combined":[227],"work":[231],"realistic":[234],"settings,":[235],"reduce":[237],"33.54%.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T23:12:01.093139","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}