{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394892729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3617232.3624868","title":"CC-NIC: a Cache-Coherent Interface to the NIC","display_name":"CC-NIC: a Cache-Coherent Interface to the NIC","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394892729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3617232.3624868"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3617232.3624868","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3617232.3624868","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3617232.3624868","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Volume 1","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3617232.3624868","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071257733","display_name":"Henry N. Schuh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8430-4104"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henry N. Schuh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Seattle, Washington, USA","University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA","Google, Seattle, Washington, USA University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8430-4104","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Seattle, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Seattle, Washington, USA University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101497042","display_name":"Arvind Krishnamurthy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9505-9528"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802210327","display_name":"United States University","ror":"https://ror.org/05r8r3608","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802210327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arvind Krishnamurthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Seattle, Washington, United States","University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA","Google, Seattle, Washington, United States University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9505-9528","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Seattle, Washington, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Seattle, Washington, United States University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I2802210327","https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056732574","display_name":"David Culler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0460-9900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Culler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Berkeley, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0460-9900","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Berkeley, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069107397","display_name":"Henry M. Levy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7786-8541"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henry M. Levy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Seattle, Washington, USA","University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA","Google, Seattle, Washington, USA University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7786-8541","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Seattle, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Seattle, Washington, USA University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077030746","display_name":"Luigi Rizzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2483-1565"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luigi Rizzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2483-1565","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070152284","display_name":"Samira Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0300-3034"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samira Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA","University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA","Google, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0300-3034","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381","https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087347761","display_name":"B Stephens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9471-1648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45029084","display_name":"City University of Seattle","ror":"https://ror.org/008a9hf75","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086682","https://openalex.org/I45029084"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brent E. Stephens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Seattle, Washington, USA","University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA","Google, Seattle, Washington, USA University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9471-1648","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Seattle, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Seattle, Washington, USA University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I223532165","https://openalex.org/I45029084"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"52","last_page":"68"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.803392767906189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mesi-protocol","display_name":"MESI protocol","score":0.6384837627410889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pci-express","display_name":"PCI Express","score":0.5889507532119751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-coherence","display_name":"Cache coherence","score":0.5590937733650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.5146625638008118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-interface","display_name":"Network interface","score":0.4887842833995819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4578823149204254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mesif-protocol","display_name":"MESIF protocol","score":0.4394158720970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.4263209104537964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3404237627983093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.32855385541915894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cpu-cache","display_name":"CPU cache","score":0.30537480115890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-algorithms","display_name":"Cache algorithms","score":0.2983729839324951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.803392767906189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1408065","display_name":"MESI protocol","level":5,"score":0.6384837627410889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64270927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206924","display_name":"PCI Express","level":3,"score":0.5889507532119751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141917322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1025017","display_name":"Cache coherence","level":5,"score":0.5590937733650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.5146625638008118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103987645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q985806","display_name":"Network interface","level":3,"score":0.4887842833995819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4578823149204254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199979278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263221","display_name":"MESIF protocol","level":5,"score":0.4394158720970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.4263209104537964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3404237627983093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.32855385541915894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189783530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352090","display_name":"CPU cache","level":3,"score":0.30537480115890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38556500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13404475","display_name":"Cache algorithms","level":4,"score":0.2983729839324951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172173386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79984","display_name":"Ethernet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3617232.3624868","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3617232.3624868","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3617232.3624868","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Volume 1","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3617232.3624868","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3617232.3624868","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3617232.3624868","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Volume 1","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1374825055","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-2006349","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1452086972","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JUMP 2.0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","funder_display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6183394812","display_name":"CNS Core: Small: Optimizing Distributed Transactions on Emerging Hardware","funder_award_id":"2006349","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/047z4n946"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4394892729.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4394892729.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41776504","https://openalex.org/W95608104","https://openalex.org/W1977329921","https://openalex.org/W2044119008","https://openalex.org/W2123243351","https://openalex.org/W2129554014","https://openalex.org/W2140101134","https://openalex.org/W2144807611","https://openalex.org/W2415017588","https://openalex.org/W2734941459","https://openalex.org/W2791411781","https://openalex.org/W2794896506","https://openalex.org/W2867345499","https://openalex.org/W2901646529","https://openalex.org/W2926556002","https://openalex.org/W2968450015","https://openalex.org/W2982176300","https://openalex.org/W3046269084","https://openalex.org/W3095048116","https://openalex.org/W3105875719","https://openalex.org/W3153563908","https://openalex.org/W3154927282","https://openalex.org/W3189503132","https://openalex.org/W3190131353","https://openalex.org/W3205928774","https://openalex.org/W4244923394","https://openalex.org/W4318541517","https://openalex.org/W4361194512","https://openalex.org/W6653323555","https://openalex.org/W6751970145","https://openalex.org/W6797220429"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2290195868","https://openalex.org/W4285204597","https://openalex.org/W2584505417","https://openalex.org/W3193874149","https://openalex.org/W1555453305","https://openalex.org/W2987765027","https://openalex.org/W2140673013","https://openalex.org/W2352722396","https://openalex.org/W2155112318","https://openalex.org/W2367499928"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Emerging":[0],"interconnects":[1],"make":[2],"peripherals,":[3],"such":[4],"as":[5],"the":[6,13,23,34,51,63,75,81,114,124,153],"network":[7],"interface":[8,115,135],"controller":[9],"(NIC),":[10],"accessible":[11],"through":[12],"processor's":[14],"cache":[15,25,109],"hierarchy,":[16],"allowing":[17],"these":[18],"devices":[19],"to":[20,58,87,118],"participate":[21],"in":[22,100,105],"CPU":[24,60],"coherence":[26,82,127],"protocol.":[27],"This":[28,129],"is":[29,84,116],"a":[30,101,133,162,202],"fundamental":[31],"change":[32],"from":[33,123],"separate":[35],"I/O":[36,52],"data":[37,53,97],"paths":[38],"and":[39,96,108,121,147,168,178],"read-write":[40],"transaction":[41],"primitives":[42],"of":[43,65,155,166,204],"today's":[44,185],"PCIe":[45,186],"NICs.":[46,187],"Our":[47,159],"experiments":[48],"show":[49,161,196],"that":[50,70,197],"path":[54],"characteristics":[55],"cause":[56],"NICs":[57],"prioritize":[59],"efficiency":[61],"at":[62,181],"expense":[64],"inflated":[66],"latency,":[67,177],"an":[68],"issue":[69],"can":[71],"be":[72],"mitigated":[73],"by":[74],"emerging":[76],"low-latency":[77],"coherent":[78,138],"interconnects.":[79,139],"But,":[80],"abstraction":[83],"not":[85],"suited":[86],"current":[88],"host-NIC":[89,134],"access":[90],"patterns.":[91],"Applying":[92],"existing":[93],"signaling":[94],"mechanisms":[95],"structure":[98],"layouts":[99],"cache-coherent":[102],"setting":[103],"results":[104,160],"extraneous":[106],"communication":[107],"retention,":[110],"limiting":[111],"performance.":[112],"Redesigning":[113],"necessary":[117],"minimize":[119],"overheads":[120],"benefit":[122],"new":[125],"interactions":[126],"enables.":[128],"work":[130],"contributes":[131],"CC-NIC,":[132],"design":[136],"for":[137,157],"We":[140,188],"model":[141],"CC-NIC":[142,172],"using":[143],"Intel's":[144],"Ice":[145],"Lake":[146],"Sapphire":[148],"Rapids":[149],"UPI":[150],"interconnects,":[151],"demonstrating":[152],"potential":[154],"optimizing":[156],"coherence.":[158],"maximum":[163],"packet":[164,170],"rate":[165],"1.5Gpps":[167],"980Gbps":[169],"throughput.":[171],"has":[173],"77%":[174],"lower":[175,180],"minimum":[176],"88%":[179],"80%":[182],"load,":[183],"than":[184],"also":[189],"demonstrate":[190],"application-level":[191],"core":[192],"savings.":[193],"Finally,":[194],"we":[195],"CC-NIC's":[198],"benefits":[199],"hold":[200],"across":[201],"range":[203],"interconnect":[205],"performance":[206],"characteristics.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}