{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396832325","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3613904.3642792","title":"An Accessible, Three-Axis Plotter for Enhancing Calligraphy Learning through Generated Motion","display_name":"An Accessible, Three-Axis Plotter for Enhancing Calligraphy Learning through Generated Motion","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396832325","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3613904.3642792"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3613904.3642792","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3613904.3642792","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3613904.3642792","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3613904.3642792","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061556449","display_name":"Cathy Mengying Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4684-7058"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142372","display_name":"Human Media","ror":"https://ror.org/04072nk43","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cathy Mengying Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Media Lab, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4684-7058","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011831654","display_name":"Lingdong Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9353-5685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingdong Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9353-5685","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023548448","display_name":"Quincy Kuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6689-2078"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quincy Kuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Graduate School of Design, Harvard, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6689-2078","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Graduate School of Design, Harvard, United States","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097605606","display_name":"Zach Lieberman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8539-7610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142372","display_name":"Human Media","ror":"https://ror.org/04072nk43","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zach Lieberman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Media Lab, MIT, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8539-7610","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Media Lab, MIT, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081457786","display_name":"Pattie Maes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7722-6038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142372","display_name":"Human Media","ror":"https://ror.org/04072nk43","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pattie Maes","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Media Lab, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7722-6038","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019477465","display_name":"Hiroshi Ishii","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4918-8908"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142372","display_name":"Human Media","ror":"https://ror.org/04072nk43","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroshi Ishii","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Media Lab, MIT, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4918-8908","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab, MIT, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061556449"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6036,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89283243,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plotter","display_name":"Plotter","score":0.9730780124664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calligraphy","display_name":"Calligraphy","score":0.8491787314414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7187438011169434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.6235890984535217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.5946767926216125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46454715728759766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3937983810901642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.12684136629104614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-arts","display_name":"Visual arts","score":0.10093086957931519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/painting","display_name":"Painting","score":0.058394163846969604}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124772163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193255","display_name":"Plotter","level":2,"score":0.9730780124664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526940114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12681","display_name":"Calligraphy","level":3,"score":0.8491787314414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7187438011169434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.6235890984535217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5946767926216125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46454715728759766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3937983810901642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.12684136629104614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.10093086957931519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205783811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11629","display_name":"Painting","level":2,"score":0.058394163846969604}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3613904.3642792","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3613904.3642792","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3613904.3642792","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/155195","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/155195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","raw_type":"http://purl.org/eprint/type/ConferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3613904.3642792","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3613904.3642792","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3613904.3642792","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396832325.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1579384466","https://openalex.org/W1967265071","https://openalex.org/W1969001795","https://openalex.org/W1978111149","https://openalex.org/W1980481148","https://openalex.org/W1993812309","https://openalex.org/W1997380212","https://openalex.org/W2005277234","https://openalex.org/W2008810811","https://openalex.org/W2035504816","https://openalex.org/W2039393660","https://openalex.org/W2044419394","https://openalex.org/W2049763321","https://openalex.org/W2053444496","https://openalex.org/W2058543238","https://openalex.org/W2061924559","https://openalex.org/W2062709156","https://openalex.org/W2064013094","https://openalex.org/W2081286062","https://openalex.org/W2088429703","https://openalex.org/W2097481302","https://openalex.org/W2113598159","https://openalex.org/W2119995469","https://openalex.org/W2123929355","https://openalex.org/W2157681819","https://openalex.org/W2163096731","https://openalex.org/W2171849507","https://openalex.org/W2395566225","https://openalex.org/W2515866111","https://openalex.org/W2534783843","https://openalex.org/W2610531749","https://openalex.org/W2796228607","https://openalex.org/W2905187843","https://openalex.org/W2944070365","https://openalex.org/W2965130569","https://openalex.org/W3029181321","https://openalex.org/W3093516173","https://openalex.org/W3133059214","https://openalex.org/W3207669224","https://openalex.org/W4246051177","https://openalex.org/W4250830953","https://openalex.org/W4307472453"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2045732992","https://openalex.org/W220478739","https://openalex.org/W71267126","https://openalex.org/W2467470282","https://openalex.org/W290137314","https://openalex.org/W2009898326","https://openalex.org/W1774097484","https://openalex.org/W2027117955","https://openalex.org/W2791315293","https://openalex.org/W1975424492"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Learning":[0],"a":[1,89,105,127],"motor":[2],"skill":[3],"is":[4,30],"essential":[5],"for":[6,22],"many":[7],"aspects":[8],"of":[9,14,16,101,115,130],"our":[10,102],"lives.":[11],"The":[12],"complexity":[13],"some":[15],"these":[17],"activities":[18],"makes":[19],"it":[20],"hard":[21],"novices":[23,110],"to":[24,81,111,125],"understand":[25],"through":[26],"observation.":[27],"Calligraphy":[28],"writing":[29,43],"one":[31],"such":[32,118],"artistic":[33],"practice":[34],"where":[35],"learners":[36],"compare":[37],"the":[38,63,85,99,131],"visual":[39],"differences":[40],"between":[41],"their":[42],"and":[44,47,66],"expert":[45],"manuscripts":[46,80],"adjust":[48],"until":[49],"they":[50],"have":[51],"achieved":[52],"similar":[53],"results.":[54],"We":[55],"propose":[56],"an":[57,72,113],"accessible":[58],"plotter-based":[59],"system":[60,103],"that":[61,83,108],"guides":[62],"learner\u2019s":[64],"arm":[65],"hand":[67],"in":[68],"three":[69],"directions":[70],"with":[71,92],"actuated":[73],"brush.":[74],"It":[75],"converts":[76],"static":[77],"Chinese":[78],"calligraphy":[79,95],"G-code":[82],"reproduces":[84],"calligrapher\u2019s":[86],"movement.":[87,133],"Through":[88],"user":[90],"study":[91],"twelve":[93],"novice":[94],"learners,":[96],"we":[97],"validated":[98],"efficacy":[100],"as":[104,119],"learning":[106],"tool":[107],"allows":[109],"gain":[112],"intuition":[114],"nuanced":[116],"skills":[117],"depth":[120],"variation":[121],"more":[122],"effectively":[123],"compared":[124],"watching":[126],"video":[128],"recording":[129],"same":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}