{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385428276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611666","title":"LaF: Labeling-free Model Selection for Automated Deep Neural Network Reusing","display_name":"LaF: Labeling-free Model Selection for Automated Deep Neural Network Reusing","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385428276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611666"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3611666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611666","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3611666","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3611666","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101406450","display_name":"Qiang Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-1669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023978917","display_name":"Yuejun Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-2420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112527","display_name":"Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01t178j62","country_code":"LU","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112527"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuejun Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084396416","display_name":"Xiaofei Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1288-6502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofei Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Management University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Management University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000695937","display_name":"Maxime Cordy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8312-1358"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maxime Cordy","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081145634","display_name":"Mike Papadakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1852-2547"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mike Papadakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040574362","display_name":"Yves Le Traon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1045-4861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yves Le Traon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101406450"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8193,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88251846,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8524209260940552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6819721460342407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6624739170074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reuse","display_name":"Reuse","score":0.6551617383956909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6517891883850098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5271776914596558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5242198705673218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.49791598320007324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4895833432674408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-selection","display_name":"Model selection","score":0.42448747158050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3297286629676819}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8524209260940552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6819721460342407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6624739170074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206588197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574","display_name":"Reuse","level":2,"score":0.6551617383956909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6517891883850098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5271776914596558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5242198705673218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.49791598320007324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4895833432674408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93959086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888345","display_name":"Model selection","level":2,"score":0.42448747158050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3297286629676819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3611666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611666","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3611666","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/59251","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/59251","pdf_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/bitstream/10993/59251/1/3611666.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, 33 (1), 1-28 (2024-01)","raw_type":"peer reviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ink.library.smu.edu.sg:sis_research-9479","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/8476","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401925","display_name":"Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge (InK) (Singapore Management University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","host_organization_name":"Singapore Management University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611666","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3611666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611666","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3611666","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385428276.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385428276.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002715165","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2104626092","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2186644673","https://openalex.org/W2616028256","https://openalex.org/W2750384547","https://openalex.org/W2767394365","https://openalex.org/W2789758093","https://openalex.org/W2804337238","https://openalex.org/W2888824816","https://openalex.org/W2905631704","https://openalex.org/W2940612399","https://openalex.org/W2948254043","https://openalex.org/W2957905354","https://openalex.org/W2963292632","https://openalex.org/W2963327228","https://openalex.org/W2964150020","https://openalex.org/W2970862273","https://openalex.org/W2971196067","https://openalex.org/W2972135640","https://openalex.org/W2979826702","https://openalex.org/W3000499753","https://openalex.org/W3014153730","https://openalex.org/W3041012898","https://openalex.org/W3042703469","https://openalex.org/W3105347387","https://openalex.org/W3118608800","https://openalex.org/W3120991880","https://openalex.org/W3125205424","https://openalex.org/W3156333129","https://openalex.org/W3161493619","https://openalex.org/W3163745263","https://openalex.org/W3163829544","https://openalex.org/W3163879210","https://openalex.org/W3163944103","https://openalex.org/W3164988820","https://openalex.org/W3203712946","https://openalex.org/W3211352252","https://openalex.org/W4253752119","https://openalex.org/W4284702108","https://openalex.org/W4287813248","https://openalex.org/W4288404646","https://openalex.org/W4384345647","https://openalex.org/W6775911674"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2130974462","https://openalex.org/W972276598","https://openalex.org/W4246352526","https://openalex.org/W4377865163","https://openalex.org/W3193857078","https://openalex.org/W2888956734","https://openalex.org/W3208304128"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Applying":[0],"deep":[1,72,90],"learning":[2],"(DL)":[3],"to":[4,17,36,57,126,141,147,193],"science":[5],"is":[6,53,101,140],"a":[7,54,64,120,144],"new":[8],"trend":[9],"in":[10],"recent":[11],"years,":[12],"which":[13,96],"leads":[14],"DL":[15,38],"engineering":[16],"become":[18],"an":[19],"important":[20],"problem.":[21],"Although":[22],"training":[23,31],"data":[24,108],"preparation,":[25],"model":[26,30,52,97,123,135,146],"architecture":[27],"design,":[28],"and":[29,45,86,94,109,167,170,177,195,200],"are":[32,43],"the":[33,49,82,104,110,128,149,175,188],"normal":[34],"processes":[35],"build":[37],"models,":[39],"all":[40],"of":[41,88,106,130,179],"them":[42],"complex":[44],"costly.":[46],"Therefore,":[47],"reusing":[48],"open-sourced":[50],"pre-trained":[51,71],"practical":[55],"way":[56],"bypass":[58],"this":[59,116],"hurdle":[60],"for":[61,78,112,133],"developers.":[62],"Given":[63],"specific":[65],"task,":[66],"developers":[67],"can":[68],"collect":[69],"massive":[70],"neural":[73,91],"networks":[74,92],"from":[75],"public":[76],"sources":[77],"reusing.":[79,136],"However,":[80],"testing":[81],"performance":[83],"(e.g.,":[84],"accuracy":[85,176],"robustness)":[87],"multiple":[89],"(DNNs)":[93],"recommending":[95],"should":[98],"be":[99],"used":[100],"challenging":[102],"regarding":[103],"scarcity":[105],"labeled":[107],"demand":[111],"domain":[113],"expertise.":[114],"In":[115],"article,":[117],"we":[118],"propose":[119],"labeling-free":[121],"(LaF)":[122],"selection":[124],"approach":[125],"overcome":[127],"limitations":[129],"labeling":[131],"efforts":[132],"automated":[134],"The":[137,181],"main":[138],"idea":[139],"statistically":[142],"learn":[143],"Bayesian":[145],"infer":[148],"models\u2019":[150],"specialty":[151],"only":[152],"based":[153],"on":[154,197],"predicted":[155],"labels.":[156],"We":[157],"evaluate":[158],"LaF":[159,186],"using":[160],"nine":[161],"benchmark":[162],"datasets,":[163],"including":[164],"image,":[165],"text,":[166],"source":[168],"code,":[169],"165":[171],"DNNs,":[172],"considering":[173],"both":[174],"robustness":[178],"models.":[180],"experimental":[182],"results":[183],"demonstrate":[184],"that":[185],"outperforms":[187],"baseline":[189],"methods":[190],"by":[191],"up":[192],"0.74":[194],"0.53":[196],"Spearman\u2019s":[198],"correlation":[199],"Kendall\u2019s":[201],"\u03c4,":[202],"respectively.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}