{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389158722","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611643.3616354","title":"Tritor: Detecting Semantic Code Clones by Building Social Network-Based Triads Model","display_name":"Tritor: Detecting Semantic Code Clones by Building Social Network-Based Triads Model","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389158722","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611643.3616354"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3611643.3616354","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611643.3616354","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 31st ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074676946","display_name":"Deqing Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8534-5048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Deqing Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028101591","display_name":"Siyue Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6694-9126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siyue Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056381213","display_name":"Yueming Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1515-3558"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yueming Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092877303","display_name":"Wenqi Suo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9984-8348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenqi Suo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022262922","display_name":"Hai Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3934-7605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hai Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074676946"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7075,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92124714,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"771","last_page":"783"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8219851851463318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstract-syntax-tree","display_name":"Abstract syntax tree","score":0.6725112795829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6084706783294678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.5626118779182434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5550176501274109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-maintenance","display_name":"Software maintenance","score":0.5205710530281067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clone","display_name":"clone (Java method)","score":0.5192306637763977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax","display_name":"Syntax","score":0.47632986307144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.4685906767845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4346572160720825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloning","display_name":"Cloning (programming)","score":0.43062055110931396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-flow","display_name":"Control flow","score":0.428041011095047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.38509777188301086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3756977617740631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3424925208091736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3218555748462677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-system","display_name":"Software system","score":0.2939609885215759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.16716235876083374}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8219851851463318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58646249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127380","display_name":"Abstract syntax tree","level":3,"score":0.6725112795829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6084706783294678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.5626118779182434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5550176501274109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101317890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q940053","display_name":"Software maintenance","level":4,"score":0.5205710530281067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81089528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5134986","display_name":"clone (Java method)","level":3,"score":0.5192306637763977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.47632986307144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.4685906767845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4346572160720825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121050878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135020","display_name":"Cloning (programming)","level":2,"score":0.43062055110931396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160191386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868299","display_name":"Control flow","level":2,"score":0.428041011095047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.38509777188301086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3756977617740631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3424925208091736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3218555748462677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.2939609885215759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.16716235876083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3611643.3616354","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611643.3616354","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 31st ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020255992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7170798094","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1936211","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502432690","https://openalex.org/W1593203335","https://openalex.org/W1596612291","https://openalex.org/W1678356000","https://openalex.org/W1868598821","https://openalex.org/W1988790447","https://openalex.org/W2047468043","https://openalex.org/W2065053490","https://openalex.org/W2096491586","https://openalex.org/W2109580766","https://openalex.org/W2118024368","https://openalex.org/W2119887272","https://openalex.org/W2120326119","https://openalex.org/W2122111042","https://openalex.org/W2125725243","https://openalex.org/W2128698639","https://openalex.org/W2128782367","https://openalex.org/W2128888088","https://openalex.org/W2138756793","https://openalex.org/W2282866165","https://openalex.org/W2334699878","https://openalex.org/W2511803001","https://openalex.org/W2572741336","https://openalex.org/W2602016889","https://openalex.org/W2624164341","https://openalex.org/W2634106992","https://openalex.org/W2726916722","https://openalex.org/W2727832342","https://openalex.org/W2729360425","https://openalex.org/W2741705590","https://openalex.org/W2756212243","https://openalex.org/W2767717989","https://openalex.org/W2789627069","https://openalex.org/W2794304550","https://openalex.org/W2899171197","https://openalex.org/W2955426500","https://openalex.org/W3013476178","https://openalex.org/W3014339000","https://openalex.org/W3045279034","https://openalex.org/W3102927093","https://openalex.org/W3125675786","https://openalex.org/W3160804878","https://openalex.org/W3198988786","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W4236137412","https://openalex.org/W4246553962","https://openalex.org/W4313563607","https://openalex.org/W4313563766","https://openalex.org/W4384345648"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111305209","https://openalex.org/W2799156456","https://openalex.org/W2049138229","https://openalex.org/W972988137","https://openalex.org/W3137169100","https://openalex.org/W2013638584","https://openalex.org/W2027863311","https://openalex.org/W4310447811","https://openalex.org/W4389751695","https://openalex.org/W2033840206"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Code":[0],"clone":[1,53,84,95,166,210],"detection":[2,54],"refers":[3],"to":[4,80,82,135,160,179],"finding":[5],"the":[6,19,37,107,115,120,137,141,151],"functional":[7],"similarities":[8],"between":[9,140],"two":[10,142],"code":[11,28,52,68,94,165,209],"fragments,":[12],"which":[13,41],"is":[14,25,74,177,199],"becoming":[15],"increasingly":[16],"important":[17],"with":[18,191],"evolution":[20],"of":[21,39,51,65,148],"software":[22,48],"engineering.":[23],"It":[24],"reasonable":[26],"because":[27],"cloning":[29],"can":[30,42],"increase":[31],"maintenance":[32],"costs":[33],"and":[34,110,118,186,193],"even":[35],"cause":[36],"propagation":[38],"vulnerabilities,":[40],"have":[43,56],"a":[44,91,124,130,162],"negative":[45],"impact":[46],"on":[47,98],"security.":[49],"Numbers":[50],"methods":[55,61,77,143],"been":[57],"proposed,":[58],"including":[59],"tree-based":[60,208],"that":[62,175],"are":[63,78,188],"capable":[64],"detecting":[66],"semantic":[67,93],"clones.":[69],"However,":[70],"since":[71],"tree":[72,117,122],"structure":[73],"complex,":[75],"these":[76],"difficult":[79],"apply":[81],"large-scale":[83],"detection.":[85],"In":[86],"this":[87],"paper,":[88],"we":[89,105,128,157],"propose":[90],"scalable":[92],"detector":[96,167,211],"based":[97],"semantically":[99],"enhanced":[100,121],"abstract":[101],"syntax":[102],"tree.":[103],"Specifically,":[104],"add":[106],"control":[108],"flow":[109,112],"data":[111],"details":[113],"into":[114],"original":[116],"regard":[119],"as":[123],"social":[125,131],"network.":[126,152],"Then":[127],"build":[129],"network-based":[132],"triads":[133,149],"model":[134],"collect":[136],"similarity":[138],"features":[139],"by":[144],"analyzing":[145],"different":[146],"types":[147],"within":[150],"After":[153],"obtaining":[154],"all":[155],"features,":[156],"use":[158],"them":[159],"train":[161],"machine":[163],"learning-based":[164],"(i.e.,":[168],"Tritor).":[169],"Our":[170],"comparative":[171],"experimental":[172],"results":[173],"show":[174],"Tritor":[176,198],"superior":[178],"SourcererCC,":[180],"RtvNN,":[181],"Deckard,":[182],"ASTNN,":[183],"TBCNN,":[184],"CDLH,":[185],"SCDetector,":[187],"equally":[189],"good":[190],"DeepSim":[192],"FCCA.":[194],"As":[195],"for":[196],"scalability,":[197],"about":[200],"39":[201],"times":[202],"faster":[203],"than":[204],"another":[205],"current":[206],"state-of-the-art":[207],"ASTNN.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
